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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

15 Mar 2023

DAILY G.K. TEST

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ENVIRONMENT

India Home to 39 of 50 Most Polluted Cities

  • According to a report by Swiss firm IQAir, India home to 39 out of the world's 50 most polluted cities, was ranked the world's eighth-most polluted nation in 2022. Delhi was placed as the world's fourth-most polluted city on the planet.
  • The average yearly PM2.5 reading in India was more than 10 times the upper limit prescribed by the World Health Organization (WHO), while Delhi's pollutant levels were more than 18 times what is considered safe.
  • Bhiwadi in Rajasthan retained its position as India's most polluted city ranking and the city with the third-worst air in the world.
  • The World Air Quality Report, 2022, classified over 7,300 cities across 131 countries and ranked them on the basis of the average recorded annual PM2.5 concentration in micrograms per cubic metre (μg/m3).
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

FDIC Appoints Tim Mayopoulos as CEO of Silicon Valley Bank

  • Tim Mayopoulos, the former CEO of Fannie Mae, was appointed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) as Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Silicon Valley Bank. He took over after the start-up-focused lender was shut down by regulators as a result of a run on its deposits, which left it with insufficient capital. For more than six years prior to joining fintech Blend, Mayopoulos was the CEO of mortgage financier Fannie Mae.

RBI Accords 'Infra Finance Company' Status to IREDA

  • The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) granted an 'Infrastructure Finance Company (IFC)' status to Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency (IREDA). It was earlier classified as an 'Investment and Credit Company (ICC)'.
  • With the IFC status, IREDA will be able to take higher exposure in RE financing. The IFC status will also help the company to access a wider investor base for fund mobilisation, resulting in competitive rates for fundraising.
  • The recognition of IREDA as an IFC will increase the investors' confidence, enhance the brand value and generate a positive outlook in the market.
  • The grant of IFC status is a recognition of IREDA's 36 years of infrastructure financing and development with focused development of renewable energy.
  • With IFC status, IREDA will keep contributing towards the government target of 500 GW installed capacity of non-fossil fuels by 2030.

Suryoday Small Finance Bank Launches New Savings Account for Women

  • Suryoday Small Finance Bank launched a new savings account for women. Suryoday's Blossom Women's Savings Account is built on a strong proposition of giving women a complete, simplified, and rewarding banking experience.
  • Under this new account, women can earn up to 7% interest rate per annum with monthly interest credit coupled with a specially designed RuPay Platinum Debit Card which offers discounts on shopping and online purchases and many more.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Honeywell International Names Vimal Kapur as CEO

  • Diversified manufacturer Honeywell International Inc named Vimal Kapur as Chief Executive Officer (CEO). He would succeed Darius Adamczyk on June 1.
  • Kapur, currently Honeywell's president and chief operating officer, had previously headed its building technologies unit.
  • Adamczyk, who became the company's CEO in 2017, will continue to serve as its executive chairman.

NASA Awards Firefly Aerospace $112 Million Contract

  • The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) picked US-based rocket builder Firefly Aerospace for an important $112 million contract. The NASA contract is for the delivery of multiple lunar payloads to the far side of the moon in 2026. It is part of NASA's efforts to put humans on the moon.
  • As per the Firefly Aerospace website, this is the second task the firm has won under NASA's Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) initiative.
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SPORTS

M. C. Mary Kom, Farhan Akhtar Named Brand Ambassadors of Women's World Boxing Championships 2023

  • The Indira Gandhi Sports Complex in New Delhi is hosting the IBA Women's World Boxing Championship 2023 from March 15–26. Mahindra Automotive was named the title sponsor of this competition by the Boxing Federation of India (BFI), while M. C. Mary Kom and Bollywood actress Farhan Akhtar were named as brand ambassadors. The third time in history, India is serving as the host country. The BFI's goal of promoting female boxing involvement will be greatly enhanced by the appearance of Marykom and Bollywood superstar Farhan Akhtar.
  • The biennial international competition is featuring 12 weight categories and more than 350 contestants from as many as 74 nations. Nikhat Zareen, the world champion from India, will be the centre of attention throughout the international competition. She will compete in the 50 kg weight division.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

First International Conference on Shared Buddhist Heritage in New Delhi

  • The first international conference on Shared Buddhist Heritage was held in New Delhi. It was organised with a focus on India's civilisational connect with the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) nations 2023. The two-day conference aimed at re-establishing trans-cultural links and seeking out commonalities, between Buddhist art of Central Asia, art styles, archaeological sites and antiquity in various museum collections of the SCO countries.
  • The event, under India's leadership of SCO, brought together Central Asian, East Asian, South Asian and Arab countries on a common platform and discussed Shared Buddhist Heritage. The SCO countries comprise of Member States, Observer States and Dialogue Partners, including China, Russia and Mongolia. The two-day programme was being organised by the Ministry of Culture, the Ministry of External Affairs and the International Buddhist Confederation.

India and Sweden Sign MoC to Promote Research Networking

  • A Memorandum of Cooperation, MoC was signed between India and Sweden to strengthen cooperation and promote research networking between research institutions from both countries. It was signed between Science and Engineering Research Board and the Swedish Foundation for International Cooperation in Research and Higher Education, Stockholm, Sweden. The MoC aims to promote mobility funding opportunities in both countries. It will facilitate academic cooperation through mobility activities as well as through seminars, workshops and conferences.
  • Secretary, Department of Science and Technology S. Chandrasekhar said that the partnership between India and Sweden will take forward joint Science and Technology efforts particularly in smart cities, artificial intelligence, quantum computer, transportation, and many more futuristic technologies. The MoC will enable a smooth exchange of activities between India's young scientists and Swedish researchers.

AAP to Contest Polls in all 230 Assembly Seats in Madhya Pradesh

  • Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) national convenor and Delhi Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal announced that his party will contest the upcoming assembly elections in all 230 seats in Madhya Pradesh.
  • Kejriwal made this announcement while addressing a large gathering of AAP workers in Bhopal.
  • Meanwhile, he also claimed that winning of Singrauli mayoral seat was just a trailer, and the AAP will show a real picture after winning assembly seats in Madhya Pradesh.
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DEFENCE

DRDO Conducts 2 Successful Flight Tests of VSHORADS Missiles

  • Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) conducted two consecutive successful flight tests of Very Short Range Air Defence System (VSHORADS) missile at the Integrated Test Range, Chandipur off the coast of Odisha.
  • The flight tests were carried out from a ground-based man-portable launcher against high-speed unmanned aerial targets, mimicking approaching and receding aircraft. The targets were successfully intercepted, meeting all mission objectives.
  • VSHORADS is a Man Portable Air Defence System (MANPAD) meant for neutralising low-altitude aerial threats at short ranges. It has been designed and developed indigenously by Research Centre Imarat, Hyderabad in collaboration with other DRDO laboratories and Indian Industry Partners.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

World Consumer Rights Day

  • World Consumer Rights Day is celebrated on March 15 every year with an aim to raise global awareness about consumer rights and promote consumer protection. The day is also commemorated to be aware about the market injustices across the world. It is an annual event that celebrates solidarity within the international consumer movement.
  • The day was first observed on March 15, 1983 which was inspired by US President John Fitzgerald Kennedy's US Congress address on March 15, 1962. He addressed the issue of consumer rights and laid emphasis on its importance and became the first world leader to talk about consumer rights. Every year on this day several organisations like Consumer International celebrate the occasion by holding events and campaigns to safeguard consumer rights.
  • The theme for World Consumer Rights Day 2023 was "Empowering Consumers Through Clean Energy Transitions."

International Day to Combat Islamophobia

  • In 2022, the United Nations established the International Day to Fight Islamophobia, which is observed annually on March 15 across 140 nations. March 15 was selected as the date because it marks the anniversary of the Christchurch mosque massacres, which left 51 people dead.
  • On 15 March 2022, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution by consensus which was introduced by Pakistan on behalf of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation that proclaimed March 15 as 'International Day to Combat Islamophobia'.
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

INS Dronacharya to Get President's Colour, Highest Military Unit Honour

  • INS Dronacharya, the Gunnery School of the Indian Navy in Kochi, Kerala, was awarded the prestigious President's Colour by the President of India, Droupadi Murmu.
  • The President's Colour or the Nishan is considered the highest honour that the Supreme Commander, President of India, bestows on a unit for its exceptional service to the Nation.
  • INS Dronacharya is entrusted with the training of officers and sailors of the Navy, Coast Guard and friendly foreign maritime forces on all aspects of gunnery and missile warfare.
  • INS Dronacharya was designated as the Centre for Excellence in Gunnery and Missile Warfare in 2004.
  • The unit is affiliated with the Indian Army School of Artillery in the spirit of jointmanship.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

BIS Launches 'Learning Science via Standards' Initiative for Students

  • The Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), the national standards body of India, launched 'Learning Science via Standards' series for students.
  • The initiative focuses on a series of lesson plans aimed to use scientific concepts, principles, and laws to help students understand their practical applications in manufacturing, functioning, and testing of quality characteristics of different products as stated in the relevant Indian Standards.
  • The subjects for the lesson plans are largely related to products used in day-to-day life and have been chosen based on their relevance to education as part of the course curriculum as well as to industrial applications.
  • The learning 'Science via Standards' series is in continuum with an earlier BIS initiative under which 'Standards Clubs' are being established in educational institutions across India.

Bar Council of India Assures Delhi High Court of Looking into Request to Make RTE Act Compulsory Subject for LLB

  • The Bar Council of India (BCI) apprised the Delhi High Court that it will look into demand of Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 (RTE Act) to be made a compulsory subject in all law schools across the country for LLB.
  • The statement was made by the counsel appearing for the BCI before a bench of Chief Justice Satish Chandra Sharma and Justice Subramonium Prasad.
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ART AND CULTURE

Ministry of Jal Shakti Recommends 75 Water Heritage Sites

  • The Ministry of Jal Shakti had constituted a Committee to identify 75 Water Heritage Structure (WHS) in reference to 75 years of India's Independence.
  • The Committee recommended 75 water heritage structures, which include 5 Water Heritage structures from Gujarat and 4 Water Heritage structures from Andhra Pradesh respectively.
  • The maximum number of Water Heritage Structures were selected from Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu with 7 each. They were followed by Madhya Pradesh 6, Gujarat and Karnataks with 5 each.
  • In this connection, the "Jal-Itihas" sub-portal under the India-WRIS portal, showcasing the 75 WHS, was launched at the 1st All India State Ministers Conference on Water at Bhopal.
  • Jal Itihaas showcases some selected water heritage structures more than 100 years old.
  • India-WRIS portal is a web-enabled Water Resources Information System popularly known as India-WRIS.
  • It was initiated through a Memorandum of Understanding between the Central Water Commission (CWC), the Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation (now Ministry of Jal Shakti) and the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO).
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BOOKS AND AUTHORS

Perumal Murugan's Tamil Novel 'Pyre' Longlisted for International Booker Prize 2023

  • Indian author Perumal Murugan's Tamil novel 'Pyre' is among 13 books from across Asia, Africa, Europe and Latin America to make it to the longlist of the International Booker Prize 2023, announced by the Booker Prize Foundation.
  • Murugan made it to the prestigious list with his 2016 book "Pyre", translated from Tamil by Aniruddhan Vasudevan, becoming the first Tamil writer to make it to the longlist of 13 works.
  • The coveted literary prize, won last year (2022) by Geetanjali Shree and translator Daisy Rockwell for the first-ever Hindi novel 'Tomb of Sand', is awarded annually for a work of fiction written originally in any language, translated into English and published in the UK or Ireland.
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LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

Chief Justice of Kenya Martha K. Koome Attends Proceedings of Supreme Court of India

  • The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Kenya, Lady Justice Martha K. Koome, EGH, attended the proceedings of the Supreme Court of India, as part of the Constitution Bench.
  • The first woman Chief Justice of Kenya witnessed the Constitution Bench hearing in the Shiv Sena Case.
  • Chief Justice of India D.Y. Chandrachud said that the Supreme Court of India was honoured to have Chief Justice of Kenya, Justice Martha k. Koome, in their midst.
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