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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY - March 2023

Mar 2023

Sep 17, 2024

SpaceX Crew Returns to Earth after Historic Mission

  • SpaceX's Polaris Dawn crew returned to Earth after five days in orbit, following a historic mission featuring the world's first commercial spacewalk.
  • The Dragon capsule made splashdown off the coast of Florida.
  • Re-entering earth's atmosphere, the spacecraft neared temperatures of 1,900C (3,500 degrees Fahrenheit), caused by the intense pressure and friction of pushing through the air at around 7,000mph (11,265kph).
  • The four-member civilian team, bankrolled and led by billionaire Jared Isaacman, travelled further into space than any humans for more than fifty years.
  • Scott Poteet, a retired US Air Force pilot, and SpaceX employees Sarah Gillis and Anna Menon were also on the crew.
  • Mr. Isaacman and Ms Gillis are the first non-professional crew to perform a spacewalk, a risky manoeuvre that involves depressurising the crew compartment and exiting the spacecraft.

Iran Launches Second Satellite This Year (2024)

  • Iran launched its Chamran-1 research satellite into orbit, its second successful satellite launch this year (2024).
  • The launch came as the United States and European countries accuse Iran of transferring ballistic missiles to Russia that would be likely used in its war with Ukraine within weeks. Iran has denied this.
  • The satellite, designed and built by Iranian Electronics Industries (SAIran), was put into a 550 km (340-mile) orbit.
  • In January 2024, Iran's Sorayya satellite was launched into a 750 km orbit, the highest by the country so far.

Sep 16, 2024

IIT-Delhi, Honda Joint to Advance Technologies in Cooperative Intelligence

  • The Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi and Honda Cars India Limited (HCIL) have entered into a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to advance Honda CI (Cooperative Intelligence), which is an AI that enables mutual understanding between machines and people through cooperative action and communication using environment, scene and intention understanding.
  • The agreement was signed by Professor Preeti Ranjan Panda, dean, corporate relations and Professor Naresh Bhatnagar, dean (R&D), IIT Delhi and Udit Kumar, senior vice president and director, HCIL in the presence of Professor Rangan Banerjee, Director, IIT Delhi and Takuya Tsumura, president and CEO of HCIL.
  • Under the agreement, engineers from both HCIL and Honda R&D Co. Ltd. an R&D subsidiary of Honda, will participate in the joint research with IIT Delhi researchers to advance the underlying technologies of CI, with an eye toward the future applications for technologies that reduce traffic collisions and enable automated driving, an IIT Delhi statement said.

India Jumps to Tier 1 in Global CyberSecurity Index 2024

  • India jumped to Tier 1 in the Global Cybersecurity Index (GCI) 2024, released by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), when it comes to role-modeling as part of the country's cybersecurity commitments and resulting impacts.
  • The Global Cybersecurity Index (GCI) is a trusted reference that measures the commitment of countries to cybersecurity at a global level to raise awareness of the importance and different dimensions of the issue. As cybersecurity has a broad field of application, cutting across many industries and various sectors.
  • Pillars of assessment: Legal Measures, Technical Measures, Organisational Measures, Capacity Development, Cooperation.
  • Tier 1 countries: Australia, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Egypt, United States, Iceland, Greece, Sweden, Portugal, Qatar, Norway, Turkiye, United Kingdom and a total of 47 countries make it to the list of Tier 1 countries.

Sep 11, 2024

SpaceX Launches Billionaire's Private Crew on Milestone Spacewalk Mission

  • Four private astronauts blasted into space in a modified SpaceX Crew Dragon capsule, kicking off the company's five-day Polaris Dawn mission, which aims to test new spacesuit designs and conduct the first private spacewalk.
  • The crew, a billionaire entrepreneur, a retired military fighter pilot and two SpaceX employees, lifted off from NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida.
  • It is Crew Dragon's fifth – and riskiest – private mission so far. After reaching space a few minutes after launch, the spacecraft will settle into an oval-shaped orbit, passing as close to Earth as 190 km (118 miles) and as far as 1,400 km (870 miles), the farthest any humans will have ventured since the end of the U.S. Apollo moon program in 1972.

Sep 10, 2024

India's Pixxel Gets NASA Contract to Provide Earth-Observation Data

  • NASA selected Indian private spacecraft company Pixxel for a new contract to provide Earth-observation data and services.
  • Pixxel, which specialises in hyperspectral imaging and Earth observation, is one of the eight companies selected for NASA's USD 476 million "Commercial SmallSat Data Acquisition Programme On-Ramp1 Multiple Award" contract.
  • Under this contract, these companies will provide the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) with Earth-observation data from commercial sources to support the US agency's research-and-application activities that help improve life on the planet.

Sep 08, 2024

Boeing's Starliner Lands on Earth without Sunita Williams, Butch Wilmore

  • Boeing Starliner's first astronaut mission concluded with an empty capsule landing on Earth, while test pilots Sunita Williams and Butch Wilmore will remain in space until next year, as the National Aeronautics and Space Administration deemed their return 'too risky' at this time.
  • Starliner was launched on June 5, carrying NASA astronauts Butch Wilmore and Sunita Williams to the International Space Station (ISS) on a shakeout cruise called Crew Flight Test (CFT).
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