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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

12 Oct 2021

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

IMF Board Backs Georgieva after Review of Data-rigging Claims

  • The International Monetary Fund's executive board expressed its full confidence in Managing Director Kristalina Georgieva after reviewing allegations that she pressured World Bank staff to alter data to favor China.
  • But Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen put Ms. Georgieva on notice that she would closely monitor the IMF's follow-up and evaluates any new facts or findings, and called for proactive steps to reinforce data integrity and credibility at the IMF.
  • The Fund's 24-member board and Treasury issued separate statements after several meetings over Georgieva's actions as World Bank CEO that threw into question her continued leadership of the IMF. The 24-member board reached the decision after marathon meetings over the past week, where members debated the future of Ms. Georgieva, a Bulgarian economist and the first person from a developing country to head the fund. She welcomed the board's endorsement and said that she was pleased its members had agreed the allegations against her were unfounded.

Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2021

  • Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2021 was released by United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and Oxford Poverty & Human Development Initiative (OPHI).
  • This report examines the level and composition of multidimensional poverty across 109 countries covering 5.9 billion people.
  • It also takes into account several deprivations that people experience in their day to day lives such as poor health, inadequate education and poor standard of living.
  • As per report, 1.3 billion people are multidimensionally poor, of which around 644 million are children under age 18.
  • The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) was launched by the UNDP and the OPHI in the year 2010. MPI uses three dimensions and ten indicators including:
  • Education: Years of schooling and child enrolment (1/6 weightage each)
  • Health: Child mortality and nutrition (1/6 weightage each)
  • Standard of living: Electricity, drinking water, flooring, sanitation, cooking fuel and assets (1/18 weightage each).

Austria Gets New Leader after Kurz Quits

  • Alexander Schallenberg took over as the chancellor of Austria, with the government seeking to move on from a corruption scandal.
  • The Foreign Minister was sworn in after his predecessor, Sebastian Kurz, quit over corruption allegations.
  • Mr. Kurz and nine others were placed under investigation after raids linked to his conservative People's Party (ÖVP).
  • The allegations last week took his coalition government to the brink of collapse after ÖVP's junior partner, the Greens, said that Mr. Kurz was no longer fit to be chancellor.
  • The Greens began talks with opposition parties, who were threatening to bring a vote of no confidence against the chancellor.
  • Greens leader and Vice Chancellor Werner Kogler welcomed Mr. Kurz's resignation and indicated he would be willing to work with Mr. Schallenberg.
  • Austrian President Alexander Van der Bellen formally swore in Mr. Schallenberg in a ceremony. The President presented Mr. Schallenberg as an experienced diplomat and a skilful political operator.
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ENVIRONMENT

Twenty-four more Countries join Global Methane Pledge

  • Twenty-four more countries have joined a US and EU-led effort to slash methane emissions 30 per cent by 2030, giving the emerging global partnership momentum ahead of its launch at the UN climate summit in Glasgow later this month.
  • Nigeria, Japan and Pakistan are among the 24 new signatories to the Global Methane Pledge, which was first announced by the United States and EU in September with the aim to galvanise rapid climate action before the start of the Scotland summit on October 31. It could have a significant impact on the energy, agriculture and waste sectors responsible for the bulk of methane emissions.
  • The nine original partners include Britain, Indonesia and Mexico, which signed on to the pledge when it was announced at the Major Economies Forum last month. The partnership will now cover 60 per cent of the global GDP and 30 per cent of global methane emissions.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Adani Group Takes over Management of Jaipur International Airport

  • Adani Group took over the responsibilities of the Jaipur International Airport from the Airports Authority of India (AAI).
  • The airport has been leased out to the group by the government of India for a period of 50 year.
  • Airport director J. S. Balhara handed over a symbolic key of the airport to Chief Airport Officer Adani Jaipur International Ltd Vishnu Jha.

Morgan Stanley Names Anahita Tiwari Head of India Global in-house Centres

  • Morgan Stanley announced the appointment of Anahita Tiwari as the new Head of its India Global Centers, the global in-house centres of the firm in India.
  • Tiwari will be based in Mumbai, and will be responsible for implementation of the firm's global growth and deployment strategy in India.
  • She joins Morgan Stanley from JP Morgan Chase India where she was the head of Global Finance and Business Management and is a certified chartered accountant.
  • Tiwari has over 25 years of experience in finance and technology consulting, project management, corporate finance and business transformation.
  • Tiwari takes over from John McGrory who will head the Morgan Stanley's global center in Baltimore and will also functionally lead the Institutional Securities Group (ISG) Product Operations team in Baltimore.

RBI Imposes Penalty on Janata Sahakari Bank

  • The RBI imposed a penalty of Rs. 30 lakh on Janata Sahakari Bank Ltd, Pune for non-compliance with certain directions.
  • Janata Sahakari Bank Ltd, Pune was imposed with a penalty for non-compliance with specific directions issued by RBI under the Supervisory Action Framework (SAF) and RBI directions on 'Frauds in UCBs: Changes in Monitoring and Reporting mechanism.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Pluto's Atmosphere is Starting to Disappear

  • Pluto's atmosphere is going through a strange transformation, scientists are finding.
  • The icy dwarf planet, which lies over 3 billion miles (4.8 billion kilometers) away from Earth in the Kuiper Belt, caught astronomers' attention as it passed in front of a star back in 2018.
  • With the star backlighting Pluto, the team of researchers was able to make observations of the dwarf planet and its atmosphere. With this unique view, they came to a surprising conclusion, which they describe in a new study.
  • The astronomers found evidence that Pluto's atmosphere is starting to disappear.
  • Using telescopes at multiple sites in both the U.S. and Mexico, the team observed Pluto and its thin atmosphere, which is primarily made of nitrogen, like that of Earth. Pluto's atmosphere is supported by the vapor pressure of ices on the dwarf planet's surface. So, if ice warms up on Pluto, it can dramatically alter the density of its atmosphere.
  • For about 25 years, Pluto has been moving farther and farther away from the sun, so its surface temperature has been going down. And with these recent observations, the researchers found evidence showing that Pluto's atmosphere is actually refreezing back onto its surface as the dwarf planet gets colder and colder.
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SPORTS

ISSF Junior Shooting Worlds: India Finishes on Top

  • India won a whopping 43 medals, including 17 gold, to finish on top of the pecking order in the just-concluded ISSF Junior World Championship in Lima.
  • The country's shooters won all the available 12 medals on the final competition day of the top junior tournament at the Las Palmas Shooting range in the Peruvian capital of Lima.
  • India concluded the meet with 16 silver and 10 bronze medals, in addition to the 17 gold.

Sunil Chhetri Equals Pele's Record

  • Talismanic captain Sunil Chhetri equalled the legendary Pele with his 77th international goal as India beat Nepal 1-0 and saved his side from the verge of elimination in the SAFF Championships.
  • Chhetri, playing in his 123rd match for India, struck a late goal to place himself on an even keel with the Brazillian great (77 goals from 92 matches). He is now in joint third with UAE's Ali Mabkhout (77) in the list of highest scorers among active footballers, behind Cristiano Ronaldo (112) and Lionel Messi (79).
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

India Gets 3rd Set of Swiss Bank Details

  • India has received the third set of Swiss bank account details of its nationals under an automatic exchange of information pact with Switzerland, as part of an annual exercise under which the European nation has shared particulars of nearly 33 lakh financial accounts with 96 countries.
  • The Federal Tax Administration (FTA) in a statement said that the exchange of information this year involved 10 more countries -- Antigua and Barbuda, Azerbaijan, Dominica, Ghana, Lebanon, Macau, Pakistan, Qatar, Samoa and Vauatu.

Uttarakhand Transport Minister Yashpal Arya Rejoins Congress

  • Uttarakhand Transport Minister Yashpal Arya and his son Sanjiv Arya resigned from Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and joined the Congress party in New Delhi.
  • The former BJP leaders were inducted into the party in the presence of senior party leader Harish Rawat and All India Congress Committee (AICC) General Secretary K. C. Venugopal.
  • This comes months ahead of the upcoming assembly polls in the state. Notably, both the leaders, Yashpal and Sanjiv had joined BJP ahead of the 2017 assembly polls in Uttarakhand after quitting Congress.

India Announce Line of Credit for Kyrgyzstan

  • India announced a $200-million line of credit for Kyrgyzstan and signed an agreement to carry out small but high impact projects for community development in the Central Asian state.
  • The two initiatives were among several measures announced by external affairs minister S. Jaishankar at the end of a two-day visit to Kyrgyzstan.
  • Jaishankar said that the Kyrgyzstan government accepted India's formal offer of the $200-million line of credit, while the memorandum of understanding (MoU) on high impact community development projects will enable the speedy implementation of ventures in different sectors with full grant funding.
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DEFENCE

D. K. Boora Takes over as Jammu Frontier BSF Chief

  • Senior BSF officer D. K. Boora, who has served in the Special Protection Group (SPG) that protects the country's Prime Minister, took over as the Inspector General (IG) of the force's Jammu frontier. Boora succeeded N. S. Jamwal who was elevated to the rank of additional director general (ADG) of BSF Western Command, Chandigarh.
  • The officer has vast experience of serving in western and eastern command theatre, and before assuming charge here, he was posted as the IG BSF at eastern command.
  • Boora has been decorated with the President's Medal for Meritorious Service, Antrik Suraksha Seva Padak, and innumerable Directional General's Commendation Rolls.
  • He is an alumni of the BSF Academy Tekanpur. He joined the force in 1986. He also remained as the commando instructor in the BSF Academy.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

Father of Pakistan's Nuclear Bomb A. Q. Khan Passes Away

  • Abdul Qadeer Khan, a scientist known as the father of Pakistan's clandestine nuclear programme, passed away. He was 85.
  • The nuclear physicist faced criticism in 2004 when he was forced to accept responsibility for nuclear technology proliferation and was forced to live a life of official house arrest.
  • Khan was born in 1936 in Bhopal and migrated to Pakistan along with his family after the Partition in 1947.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

World Arthritis Day

  • World Arthritis Day (WAD) is celebrated every year on October 12 to spread awareness about the existence and impact of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases. Arthritis is not a single disease but a broad term for more than a hundred diseases related to joints.
  • World Arthritis Day was first observed in 1996 and the theme for World Arthritis Day 2021 was 'Don't Delay, Connect Today: Time2Work'. The day provides an opportunity for all communities, everywhere, to come together and to find a common voice to help bring the much-needed message to all audiences.
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

Three US-based Economists Win 2021 Nobel Prize for Economics

  • Three US-based economists won the 2021 Nobel Prize for Economics for pioneering research on the labour market impacts of minimum wage, immigration and education, and for creating the scientific framework to allow conclusions to be drawn from such studies that can't use traditional methodology.
  • Canadian-born David Card of the University of California at Berkeley was awarded one half of the prize, while the other half was shared by Joshua Angrist from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Dutch-born Guido Imbens from Stanford University.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

All Government Schools Will Get CBSE Affiliation by 2024: Andhra Pradesh CM

  • In an important move in school education, Andhra Pradesh chief minister YS Jagan Mohan Reddy directed the officials of the education department to take measures to get CBSE affiliation for all state government schools and ensure all students write CBSE exams in 2024.
  • The Chief Minister also said that every school should have a playground and directed the officials to map schools that do not have playgrounds. The officials have been told to acquire required lands and allot playgrounds to those schools.

Arvind Kejriwal Launches 'Desh Ke Mentor' Programme

  • Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal launched a programme under which students of Delhi government schools will be provided guidance on career choices by citizens who are successful in their respective fields. The 'Desh ke mentor' programme entails 'adopting' 1 to 10 government school students who can be mentored by citizens who are successful in their respective fields.
  • The programme will be for a minimum of two months and can carry on for another four months optionally. One mentor will be assigned between two to five students.
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BOOKS AND AUTHORS

Former SBI Chief Rajnish Kumar Launches Memoir 'The Custodian of Trust'

  • Former Chairman of the State Bank of India (SBI) Rajnish Kumar has come out with his memoir titled 'The Custodian of Trust – A Banker's Memoir'. The book has been published by Penguin Random House India. It gave a rare insight of how the financial system in our country works. The Custodian of Trust presents Kumar's journey from a modest house in the old city of Meerut to being a probationary officer in SBI in 1980 and growing to the post of Chairman in 2017.
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ART AND CULTURE

A 1,500-year-old Byzantine Wine Complex Found

  • A 1,500-year-old wine-making complex, said to have been the world's largest at the time, has been discovered in Israel.
  • Five presses were unearthed at the huge Byzantine-era winery at Yavne, south of Tel Aviv, which is estimated to have produced two million litres a year.
  • After a sophisticated production process it was exported around the Mediterranean.
  • Those working at the site said they were surprised by its size.
  • There are plans to make the complex a visitor attraction once preservation work is completed.
  • The site contains five wine presses, warehouses for aging and bottling the wine, and kilns for firing the jars used for storing it.
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