General Awareness

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY - January 2025

Jan 2025

Nov 25, 2025

Jitendra Singh Inaugurates Fabrication and Central Facilities under National Quantum Mission at I...

Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Science and Technology Jitendra Singh called upon society to contribute to the field of science and technology. He inaugurated the fabrication and central facilities under the National Quantum Mission, with a total outlay of Rs. 720 crore, at the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay. Addressing the occasion, Singh stated that India is one of the very first countries in the world to have a National Quantum Mission.

Nov 24, 2025

India, Australia & Canada Launch ACITI Trilateral Tech and Innovation Partnership

India, Australia, and Canada announced a new trilateral technology and innovation partnership: the Australia-Canada-India Technology and Innovation (ACITI) Partnership.
The three sides agreed to strengthen their ambition in cooperation on critical and emerging technologies, to complement existing bilateral initiatives.
The initiative will draw on the natural strengths of the three countries and have an emphasis on green energy innovation and building resilient supply chains, including in critical minerals. It will deepen their respective ambition and strategic collaboration towards net zero and drive further diversification of supply chains towards a secure, sustainable, and resilient future. The Partnership will also examine the development and mass adoption of artificial intelligence to improve the lives of our citizens.
They agreed that officials should convene in the first quarter of 2026 to take the initiative forward.

Oman Signs Landmark Agreement to Launch its First Communications Satellite, OMANSAT-1

In a landmark step for the Sultanate's emerging space sector, Oman officially signed an agreement with Airbus Defence and Space to design, manufacture and launch of OMANSAT-1, the country's first-ever communications satellite.
The signing ceremony was attended by the Chair of the National Space Program and Head of the Project Management Office, who described the moment as a "milestone for Oman's space journey" and emphasised the project's significance as a strategic investment in national capabilities, digital sovereignty, and the long-term development of Oman's space economy.

Nov 21, 2025

Search for Water Ice on Moon's South Pole to See India-Japan Collaboration

India and Japan are preparing among the most ambitious space missions of this decade - a joint lunar exploration that could change the way humanity looks at the Moon. The mission, called Lunar Polar Exploration Mission (LUPEX), also known as Chandrayaan-5, will attempt to land near the Moon's South Pole to search for water ice, a resource that could unlock permanent human presence beyond Earth.
The collaboration between Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) is historic. For the first time, the two countries are combining their strengths - India will provide the lander, leveraging its proven technology from Chandrayaan-3, while Japan will contribute its powerful H3 launch vehicle and a sophisticated rover. The mission is slated for launch in 2028.

Nov 20, 2025

'YUVA AI for ALL': Government Launches Free National AI Course for Every Indian

The Government of India took a bold step towards AI inclusivity and digital empowerment by launching 'YUVA AI for ALL', a free, national-level online course designed to teach basic Artificial Intelligence (AI) skills to 1 crore (10 million) citizens. Announced by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) under the IndiaAI Mission, the course is a first-of-its-kind initiative that aims to demystify AI for every Indian — from school students to working professionals.
YUVA AI for ALL' is a 4.5-hour, self-paced course developed to make AI easy, practical, and accessible. It uses Indian examples, simple language, and real-life case studies to make AI learning fun and relevant. It is available free of cost on platforms such as,
FutureSkills Prime
iGOT Karmayogi
Other major ed-tech platforms
Upon completion, learners receive an official Government of India certificate, helping them showcase their new AI knowledge and skills.
The course is structured into six engaging modules that help learners,
Understand what AI is and how it works
Explore how AI is changing education, jobs, and creativity
Learn about responsible and ethical AI usage
See Indian real-world AI examples
Gain exposure to AI tools and applications
Peek into the future of AI and job opportunities

Scientists in China Discovers Fern That Naturally Produces Rare Earth Crystals

A new scientific discovery from China may help solve one of the biggest challenges in modern technology-the shortage and difficult extraction of rare earth elements (REEs). Scientists studying a common fern species have found something completely unexpected, and this breakthrough could lead to a much cleaner and more sustainable way to extract these valuable metals.
The researchers studied a fern called Blechnum orientale, already known as a hyperaccumulator of heavy metals. This plant can grow easily in soil and water with high levels of metals, absorbing them through its roots. But Chinese scientists have now discovered an even more surprising ability in this fern.
They discovered that the plant naturally forms extremely small crystals containing rare earth elements (REEs). According to Liuqing He, a geochemist at the Chinese Academy of Sciences and author of the study, this discovery was completely unexpected. He said that understanding and validating this unique ability is a major achievement in the fields of plant science and geology.

India's First Commercial PSLV Set to Launch Oceansat

India is gearing up for a historic moment in its space journey. For the first time, a Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) has been built entirely by the private sector, and it is set to launch the Oceansat satellite early next year (2026). The rocket, constructed by a consortium of Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) and Larsen & Toubro (L&T), marks a turning point in how India's proven space technologies are being commercialised.

Nov 18, 2025

Karnataka Launches KEO, an Affordable AI PC

The Karnataka government launched KEO (knowledge-driven, economical, open-source), a personal computer powered by RISC-V processors and a Linux-based operating system. IT-BT (IT and biotech) minister Priyanak Kharge said that these affordable "AI-ready computers" aim to address the digital divide in the state. He added that Karnataka stands at only 15%, far below what's required for modern education and digital-first jobs.
Positioned as a low-cost, open-source device, KEO comes with 4G, wi-fi, USB-A, USB-C, and HDMI ports, and an audio jack. It also includes an on-device AI core and is preloaded with BUDDH, an AI agent trained on the Karnataka DSERT (department of state education research and training) syllabus to support students in low-connectivity areas.

SpaceX Launches NASA's Sentinel-6BA Satellite to Monitor Sea leVel Change

SpaceX launched NASA's Sentinel-6B satellite aimed at monitoring sea level change, the US space agency said.
Sentinel-6B is an Earth-observing satellite jointly developed by NASA and US and European partners to observe the ocean and measure sea level rise. The satellite will build on over 30 years of sea level data to improve weather forecasts.
It will help improve coastal planning, protect critical infrastructure, and advance weather forecasts.
This is the second Sentinel-6 satellite Falcon 9 launched after delivering the Sentinel-6 Michael Freilich satellite to orbit in November 2020.
Sentinel-6B will deliver data on about 90 per cent of Earth's ocean, providing direct benefits to humanity.

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