General Awareness

ART AND CULTURE - June 2020

Jun 2020

Jun 12, 2021

7,000-year-old Letter Seal Found in Israel

Archaeologists discovered Israel's oldest known seal impression, a device that stamps a pattern onto soft material such as clay or wax in order to seal an object. The tiny clay impression dates back 7,000 years and was likely used to seal and sign deliveries, as well as to keep storerooms closed.
The research team discovered the seal, along with nearly 150 others, during excavations that took place in Tel Tsaf, a prehistoric village in Israel's Beit She'an Valley. But while most of the other seals were just pieces of clay without any imprints, one had an impression with two distinct geometric shapes on them.

Jun 07, 2021

Goa Govt. Releases Film on Shivaji

The Goa authorities launched a brief movie on Chhatrapati Shivaji on the event of the anniversary of Maratha king's coronation day.
A Konkani and Hindi model of the movie, titled Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Shivrajyabhishek Divas, was launched on social media by Chief Minister Pramod Sawant and covers the historical past of Goa and Shivaji's function in preventing the Portuguese. It speaks of "lots of such true tales" that it needed the longer term generations to pay attention to.
It was as a result of affect of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj that the tradition of Goa was saved from the Portuguese.
The movie speaks of a royal tax imposed by the "traitorous" landlords in Pernem, Bicholim, Maneri and Sattari in North Goa to oppress the locals, after which they "betrayed the land and the state" and sought refuge with the Portuguese.

May 07, 2021

IOC, ONGC, GAIL, other Oil PSUs Commit Rs. 100 crore for Redevelopment of Badrinath Dham Shrine

India's top oil PSUs - IOC, ONGC, GAIL, BPCL and HPCL - committed Rs. 100 crore for the redevelopment of Badrinath Dham, one of the holiest shrines of Hindus, Oil Minister Dharmendra Pradhan said.
"It is a matter of great pride for our oil PSUs to be associated with the redevelopment of one of the holiest shrines of Sanatan Dharma. We are committed to the development of Badrinath Dham in alignment with PM @narendramodi's vision of retaining the pilgrimages spiritual legacy," Pradhan tweeted.
Indian Oil Corporation (IOC), Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC), GAIL (India) Ltd, Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd (BPCL) and Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd (HPCL) "have committed Rs. 100 crore towards the Badrinath development master plan and will be undertaking several works for the beautification of the temple & its surroundings, including pilgrim and environment-friendly amenities, water supply, sewage management, among others," he said.
This is perhaps the first time top PSUs under one administrative ministry have committed funds for developing a religious shrine.

May 05, 2021

Archaeologists Fund Marble Head of Roman Emperor Augustus

Archaeologists have uncovered a marble head of the Roman emperor Augustus in the Italian town of Isernia, located in the region of Molise. According to a report by the Italian publication Il Giornale del Molise, the finding sheds new light on the imperial Roman impact in the region.
Led by archaeologist Francesca Giancola, the team of researchers found the head and the discovery was announced by the Archaeological Superintendency of Molise. Il Giornale del Molise reports that the Augustus head "bodes well for other and more important, historical finds" for a town that was conquered by the Romans in 295 B.C.E. In 90 B.C.E., it was subsequently taken by the Samnites, an ancient people of southern Italy, and then fell back into Roman control.

May 02, 2021

Germany to Return Benin Bronzes to Nigeria

The Government of Germany announced that it is to return the artefacts called the "Benin Bronzes" to Nigeria. The "Benin Bronzes" are currently held in the museum of Germany.
They are a group of thousand metal sculptures. These sculptures once decorated the royal palace of Kingdom of Benin, the current Nigeria. Some of these sculptures were looted by the British during the Benin Expedition of 1897.
Though they are named as bronzes, they are mostly made of brass. They are also made of mixtures of brass and bronze. Some of them are even made of ivory, wood or ceramic.
The golden ages of the sculptures occurred during the reigns of Esigie and Eresoyen.
They are made using lost-wax casting process. It is a process of making copies from a model. The method had been used in Indus Valley Civilisation as well.

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