General Awareness

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY - January 2019

Jan 2019

Oct 28, 2021

Proba-1 Completes 20 Years

ESA's Proba-1 mini satellite was launched two decades ago, in October 2021, into orbit. It has completed 20 years.
The mini satellite remains fully operational for 20 years.
It is the oldest serving Earth observing mission of the agency.
Proba-1 is roughly the size of a hotel fridge. It hosts two Earth-observing instruments together with several technological firsts.
Probe 1 is the first in ESA's (European Space Agency's) family of 'Project for On-Board Autonomy' missions.
It started life as a technology demonstration satellite and later became an Earth observation mission.
It is highly automated and introduced several mainstream technologies to space, such as, lithium-ion batteries, use of star trackers for gyro-free attitude control and gallium arsenide solar panel as well as ESA-developed ERC-32 microprocessors that run its flight computers.
Proba-1 mission carry several low-cost, commercial-off-the-shelf systems and components. It is sometimes described as 'NewSpace before NewSpace'. This mission continues to deliver imagery to scientists across the world. It also provides valuable data on longevity of space systems and components.
European Space Agency (ESA) is an intergovernmental organisation comprising of 22 member states. It is dedicated for the exploration of space. ESA was established in 1975. It is headquartered in Paris.

Oct 27, 2021

NASA Finds First Signs of Planet outside Milky Way Galaxy

NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory for the first time spotted signs of a planet transiting a star outside of the Milky Way galaxy, opening up a new avenue to search for exoplanets at greater distances than ever before.
The possible exoplanet, or planets outside of our Solar System, candidate is located in the spiral galaxy Messier 51 (M51), also called the Whirlpool Galaxy because of its distinctive profile.
Astronomers have, so far, found all other known exoplanets and exoplanet candidates in the Milky Way galaxy, almost all of them less than about 3,000 light-years from Earth.
An exoplanet in M51 would be about 28 million light years away, meaning it would be thousands of times farther away than those in the Milky Way.

Oct 26, 2021

Super-Jupiter Found Circling Very Young

The discovery of a super-Jupiter exoplanet around the M-type dwarf star 2MASS J04372171+2651014 challenges models of planet formation by either core accretion (which requires time) or disk instability (which requires mass).
2MASS J04372171+2651014 (2M0437 for short) is a single mid-M type dwarf located 421 light-years away in the constellation of Taurus.
The star is between 2 and 5 million years old, has a mass of 0.15-0.18 solar masses and an effective temperature of 3,100 K.
Otherwise known as TIC 125843782, it is a member of the 1- to 5-million-year-old Taurus star-forming region.
The newly-discovered planet, designated 2M0437b, is up to five times more massive than Jupiter.

Oct 24, 2021

Intel Unnati Data-Centric Labs

Intel has announced the launch of "Intel Unnati Program" on October 21, 2021 in order to help equip engineering students in India with data-centric skills that are relevant for industry.
Intel has also planned to setup 100 Intel Unnati Data Centric Labs by the year 2022.
This program was launched in order to bring academia and industry together for addressing the skills gap in new age technologies.
Programme also focuses on technology inclusion and seeks to broaden the access to technology infrastructure for educational institutions in all tiers.
These educational institutions will also get a choice of lab variants to suit their budgets as well as on the basis of where they stand in their infrastructure and technology journey.

Oct 22, 2021

South Korea Launches First Homegrown Space Rocket Nuri

South Korea launched its first homegrown rocket Nuri in its bid to join the race for space exploration.
Also known as the Korean Satellite Launch Vehicle II, it took off from Goheung. It put a 1.5 tonnes dummy satellite into orbit.
South Korea is the seventh country to successfully send a rocket into space.
But it also comes as an arms race heats up between North and South Korea. Both have recently test-fired new weapons.
Nuri cost South Korea an estimated 2 trillion won (£1.23bn or $1.6bn) to develop. Weighing 200 tonnes and measuring 47.2 metres long, it is fitted with six liquid-fuelled engines.

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