General Awareness

AWARDS AND HONOURS - January 2019

Jan 2019

Oct 10, 2020

American Poet Louise Gluck Wins Nobel for Literature

American poet Louise Gluck won the 2020 Nobel Prize in Literature for her unmistakable poetic voice that with austere beauty makes individual existence universal.
A professor at Yale University, Gluck made her debut in 1968 with "Firstborn", and is seen as one of the most prominent poets in American contemporary literature.

Nobel Peace Prize 2020

The Nobel Prize for Peace 2020 was awarded to the World Food Programme. The WFP was honoured with the prize for its role towards contributing better conditions for peace in conflict affected areas. It has been a driving force in preventing hunger in war zones.
The United Nations World Food Programme is the largest humanitarian organization addressing hunger and promoting food security. The programme provides food to 91.4 million people spread in 83 countries every year. It is a member of the UNDG (United Nations Development Group).
The programme was established in 1963 at the Food and Agriculture Organisation held in 1960. It aims to provide food aid in emergency situations and also build resilience for food security.

Oct 09, 2020

Nobel Prize for Literature 2020

The Nobel Prize, 2020 was awarded to Louise Gluck for her poetry. She is the first female poet to win the prize since Wislawa Szymborska in 1996.
Though Olga Tokarczuk and several other women have received the prize in literature category they were all writers and not a poet. Thus, Louis Gluck is the second female poet to win the award. Olga received the prize in 2018.
She is an American pet. She has won the major literary awards of US such as National Book Award, Pulitzer Prize, National Humanities Medal, Bolligen Prize and National Book Critics Circle Award.
The Nobel Prize in Literature has been awarded 112 times between 1901 and 2019. Of these, only 14 were women. In 2018, the award was postponed due to rape allegations.

Oct 08, 2020

Three IAF Officers Honoured with Gallantry Award

Three Indian Air Force officers, who took part in the Balakot operation last year (2019), received gallantry medals on the occasion of 88th Air Force Day.
The officers who received the Yudh Seva Medal are Squadron Leader Minty Agarwal, Group Captain Hansel Sequera and Group Captain Hemant Kumar Vadsra.
Yudh Seva Medal recognises distinguished service of a high order during war, conflict or hostilities.
Squadron Leader Minty Agarwal is a Fighter Controller with the Indian Air Force. She was part of the team that guided Wing Commander Abhinandan Varthaman during the 2019 Balakot airstrike carried out by the IAF.
To avenge the Pulwama terror attack in Jammu and Kashmir, India carried out an aerial strike at terror training camps in Balakot in Pakistan on February 26 last year 2019.

Oct 07, 2020

Nobel Prize in Physics, 2020

The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awarded one half of the 2020 Nobel Prize in physics to Roger Penrose "for the discovery that black hole formation is a robust prediction of the general theory of relativity", the other half jointly to Reinhard Genzel and Andrea Ghez "for the discovery of a supermassive compact object at the centre of our galaxy."
A black hole is formed when stars collapse and can be defined as a space in the universe with an escape velocity so strong that even light cannot escape it.
Penrose has been awarded the prize for the discovery "that black hole formation is a robust prediction of the general theory of relativity," while Genzel and Ghez have been awarded the prize for the discovery of a "supermassive compact object at the centre of our galaxy."
Penrose's work has shown that black holes are a direct consequence of Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity. Einstein himself did not believe that black holes exist and presented his theory in November 1915, providing a new way to look at and understand gravity that shapes the universe "at the largest scale". Gravity also shapes space and influences the passage of time. It is this gravity, which is so great inside a black hole that is able to bend space and slow down time.
Penrose used Einstein's general theory of relativity in order to prove that the process of formation of black holes is a stable one. He proved that black holes exist and described them in detail back in 1965, ten years after Einstein died.
Genzel and Ghez, on the other hand, have discovered that an invisible and an extremely heavy object governs the stars' orbit at the centre of the Milky Way. This extremely heavy object has the mass equivalent to 4 million solar masses and is packed into an area about the size of our solar system.

Oct 06, 2020

Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine, 2020

The Nobel Prize for Medicine or Physiology has been jointly awarded to Harvey J Alter, Charles M Rice and Michael Houhgton. The scientists have been awarded for the discovery of Hepatitis C virus.
The Nobel Prize for Medicine or Physiology is the first of six prizes that are to be announced in coming days. The other Noble Prizes to be announced are in the field of Physics, Chemistry, Literature, Peace and Economics.
The Prize Money of 1,118,000 USD for the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine also comes with a gold medal. The prize money was recently increased to adjust inflation.
In 2019, the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine was awarded to scientists Peter Ratcliffe, Gregg Semenza and William Kaelin for discovering how the body cells sense and react to low oxygen levels.
Hepatitis C virus spreads through blood-to-blood contact. This can occur through injection drug use, transfusions and needlestick injuries. Also, the virus can spread from a mother to her baby. The virus does not spread through superficial contacts.
No vaccine has been discovered against Hepatitis C. There are vaccines for Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B. They are administered in India under Universal Immunization Programme. Three injections are provided in a gap of six to twelve months.
No vaccine has been discovered against Hepatitis C. As of 2017, around 71 million people world wide have been infected with Hepatitis C.

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