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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

09 Nov 2024

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Bangladesh Human Rights Commission Members Resign amid Crisis

  • All members of Bangladesh's National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) resigned, shortly after the release of a critical report highlighting an increase in mob violence. The NHRC, chaired by Kamal Uddin Ahmed, along with members Md Salim Reza, Aminul Islam, Kongjari Chowdhury, Biswajit Chanda, and Tania Haque, submitted resignation letters to the President.
  • These events follow a tumultuous period since the interim government took over three months ago, succeeding former Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina's departure amid public backlash and communal tensions.

India Only Country to Vote against Pakistan Resolution on Conventional Arms Control

  • India voted against a resolution by Pakistan on 'Conventional arms control at the regional and sub-regional levels'. The resolution by Pakistan and Syria in the First Committee of the UN General Assembly was adopted, with 179 members voting in favour, an abstention by Israel while India was the sole country voting against the resolution.
  • The UNGA first committee deals with disarmament, global challenges and threats to peace that affect the international community. The resolution recognises the "crucial role of conventional arms control in promoting regional and international peace and security."
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ENVIRONMENT

Mount Lewotobi Laki-laki Erupts

  • Mount Lewotobi Laki-laki in eastern Indonesia erupted, spewing a massive ash column over 6,500 meters high, as authorities ramped up warnings and evacuation efforts. The 1,584-meter volcano, located on Flores Island, has shown increasing volcanic activity, with eruptions causing fatalities and severe damage. Indonesia, situated on the Pacific Ring of Fire, is highly susceptible to volcanic eruptions, and Lewotobi's latest eruption serves as a stark reminder of the region's volatility.

New Jumping Spider Species Discovered in Pune

  • Researchers discovered of a new species of jumping spider named Okinawicius tekdi on Baner Hill in Pune. This finding marks the rich biodiversity of the region and the urgent need for conservation efforts to protect urban natural landscapes.
  • The species was discovered by Atharva Kulkarni, an MSc student from MIT-World Peace University, and Rishikesh Tripathi from Christ College, Kerala. They were guided by Dr Pankaj Koparde and Dr. A.V. Sudhikumar. The study was published in the Journal of Arachnology.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Govt Eases Norms for Customs Cargo Service Providers to Boost Global Trade

  • The Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs (CBIC) introduced key relaxations for Customs Cargo Service Providers to promote ease of doing business and cut logistics costs in order to facilitate global trade.
  • The key relaxations include a reduction in the number of days for insurance of stored goods. Customs Cargo Service Providers (CCSPs) were required to insure goods stored in Customs areas for a period of 10 days in terms of Handling of Cargo in Customs Areas Regulations, 2009.
  • It has now been decided to reduce it to 5 days as a trade facilitation measure. This will enhance the cash flow for the entities by reducing the cost.
  • The new notification issued also withdrew the Licence Renewal Process. In a move to acknowledge well-established and compliant business entities, CCSPs who meet international operational standards (AEO) will no longer be required to undergo the renewal process of their licenses for handling goods under the Handling of Cargo in Customs Areas Regulations, 2009.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

ATMOS 2024: A Three-Day Tech Extravaganza at BITS Pilani - Hyderabad Campus

  • ATMOS 2024, a three-day technical fest at BITS Pilani's Hyderabad campus promised an exciting array of intellectual and entertainment-packed activities. This annual event brought together students who showcased their innovative skills and competed in dynamic contests like Robot Wars, Drone Racing, and Hackathons. Organised by students since 2012, ATMOS has evolved into one of India's most awaited tech events, offering not only technical competitions but also cultural and recreational activities.
  • Students demonstrated their diverse skills at this event, which has been organised by students since its inception in 2012.
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SPORTS

Three-Year Old Anish Chooses GothamChess over Peppa Pig, Scores Big

  • Three-year-old Anish Sarkar from Kolkata, India, is defying expectations with his passion for chess, setting aside typical toddler favorites like Peppa Pig and Baby Shark for chess idols like International Master Levy Rozman and Grandmaster Magnus Carlsen. Anish became the world's youngest-rated player, achieving an impressive initial FIDE rating of 1555.
  • Anish, born in January 2021, took to chess nearly a year ago, around his third birthday.
  • Initially introduced to various YouTube channels, he became captivated by chess videos, watching them continuously.
  • His journey gained attention when ChessBase India documented his progress with videos showcasing his understanding of advanced concepts like smothered mate and double-rook sacrifice checkmate.
  • FIDE was founded on July 20, 1924, in Paris, marking the last day of the first unofficial Chess Olympiad.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Hurun India Philanthropy List 2024, Check Top 10 Philanthropists

  • With a donation of Rs. 2,153 crore, HCL Technologies founder Shiv Nadar and family retained their position as the top donor in India on the EdelGive Hurun India Philanthropy List 2024. Their donations were primarily directed in the area of education. Following them among the top five donors are Mukesh Ambani and family, the Bajaj family, Kumar Mangalam Birla and family, and Gautam Adani and family. Together, these philanthropists contributed roughly 53 per cent, roughly Rs. 4,625 crore, of total contributions in India this year (2024).
  • The report, compiled by Hurun Research, also showed an increase in high-value donations, with 18 philanthropists donating over Rs. 100 crore each - up from only two in 2018.

Govt Reconstitutes Central Apprenticeship Council

  • In a move to enhance apprenticeship programs across India, the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) restructured the Central Apprenticeship Council (CAC), tasked with reforming existing rules and promoting industry adoption of on-the-job training. This reconstituted council, with a three-year mandate, is designed to bolster apprenticeship opportunities and encourage workforce development.
  • The new CAC includes 54 members, representing industry associations, PSUs, state governments, and independent experts. This is an increase from the previous 46 members when the council was last constituted in March 2019. Notable among the expanded membership are six PSUs, including Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL), Indian Oil Corporation (IOC), South Eastern Coalfields, Neyveli Lignite Corporation India Limited, Bharat Electronics Limited, and Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL). Major private-sector employers like TATA Group, Maruti Suzuki, Reliance Industries, Toyota, and the Indian Banks Association are also represented.
  • According to the MSDE notification, MSDE Minister Jayant Chaudhary will chair the new council, with Rajya Sabha MP Vikramjit Singh Sahney serving as the vice-chairman—a shift from the previous structure, where the Union Minister of State for MSDE held the vice-chairman position.

Bengaluru Unveils First Digital Population Clock at ISEC

  • The Institute for Social and Economic Change's (ISEC) Population Research Centre launched a digital population clock and Census Data Research Workstation to provide real-time estimates of the population of Karnataka and India.
  • The clock is the first-of-its-kind in the region, jointly set up by ISEC and the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), Government of India. Using an inbuilt satellite connection for precise timekeeping, the clock will update the estimated population every two seconds for India and every one minute and 10 seconds for Karnataka. The clock is stationed near the institute's main gate.
  • This initiative was inaugurated by Kal Singh, Director General (Statistics Division), and Rakesh Kumar Maurya, Deputy Director General (DDG, Statistics Division) of the Health Ministry, and Sukhadeo Thorat, Chairman, Board of Governors, ISEC.
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DEFENCE

India-Australia Joint Military Exercise 'AUSTRAHIND' in Pune

  • A joint military exercise between India and Australia began in Pune with an aim to promote cooperation through enhancement of interoperability in the conduct of joint sub-conventional operations in semi-urban environment in semi-desert terrain under the relevant chapter of the UN mandate. The third edition of 'Exercise AUSTRAHIND' is being conducted in two phases -- combat conditioning and tactical training, and validation.
  • The two sides will also share their best practices in tactics, techniques and procedures of conducting tactical operations during the joint exercise at the Foreign Training Node till November 21.
  • 'Exercise AUSTRAHIND' is an annual event conducted alternatively in India and Australia. The last edition was held in Australia in December 2023.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

National Legal Services Day

  • India celebrates National Legal Services Day on November 9 every year. This date was made to honour the passage of the Legal Services Authorities Act of 1987, which came into force on November 9, 1995.
  • The National Legal Services Day was established by the Supreme Court as part of its proactive role in promoting access to justice. The National Legal Services Authority (NALSA) was constituted on December 5, 1995, for the purpose of giving effect to the provisions contained in the Legal Services Authorities Act. It was a landmark development within India's legal structure aimed at providing free and competent legal services to those unable to afford them.
  • The day is marked to promote awareness regarding the legal rights and the availability of legal aid services. It intends to make people aware of the provisions of the Legal Services Authorities Act and how they may obtain free legal assistance.

Uttarakhand Foundation Day

  • Uttarakhand Foundation Day is observed on November 9 to mark the creation of the new state of Uttarakhand as the 27th state of India.
  • Uttarakhand was established on November 9, 2000, from parts of the hilly area of Uttar Pradesh after a long struggle for a separate state beginning in the 1990s.
  • Uttarakhand is commonly referred to as the 'Land of the Gods' (Devbhumi), due to several Hindu pilgrimage sites in the state.

World Freedom Day

  • People worldwide come together to celebrate World Freedom Day on November 9, a day dedicated to honouring the values of freedom, democracy, and the courage of those who have fought for liberation and fundamental human rights.
  • World Freedom Day was established to commemorate the historic events surrounding the fall of the Berlin Wall on November 9, 1989. This event marked the reunification of Germany and the end of the division between East and West Berlin, symbolising the triumph of freedom over oppression.
  • World Freedom Day was declared by then-President George W. Bush.
  • Since its inception, World Freedom Day has served as a global reminder of the importance of freedom, democracy, and human rights, as well as an opportunity to celebrate the values that unite people around the world.
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

Ricky Kej, Anoushka Shankar, Earn Nominations for 67th Grammy Awards

  • Ricky Kej and Anoushka Shankar are among the Indians nominated for the 67th Grammy Awards.
  • Kej, a three-time Grammy winner, earned his fourth nomination for "Break of Dawn" in the Best New Age, Ambient, or Chant Album category, as announced by the Recording Academy.
  • The category, which includes albums featuring more than 75 per cent new vocal or instrumental new age recordings, also features Chapter II: How Dark It Is Before Dawn by sitarist and composer Shankar.
  • Other nominees in this category are "Warriors of Light" by Radhika Vekaria and "Triveni" by entrepreneur and musician Chandrika Tandon, created in collaboration with flautist Wouter Kellerman and cellist Eru Matsumoto.
  • The 2025 Grammy Awards are scheduled to take place in February 2025, at the Crypto.com Arena in Los Angeles.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

West Bengal Introduces CCTV and Live-streaming for MBBS Exams

  • The West Bengal University of Health Sciences implemented new measures for conducting MBBS exams in the state's medical colleges. In line with the standard operating procedures (SOPs) introduced under the guidance of Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee, who also serves as the state's Health Minister, all MBBS exams will now be conducted under CCTV surveillance and live-streamed for additional oversight.
  • To maintain exam integrity, answer sheets will no longer display student names but will use barcodes for identification. Seating arrangements will also follow an alternating odd-even roll number pattern to discourage copying among students.
  • These measures align with demands from junior doctors who advocated for stricter examination protocols after a recent tragic incident at a hospital, where a woman medic was allegedly assaulted and killed in August.
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LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

Kerala High Court Introduces Machine Scrutiny Of Writ Petitions, Excluding Miscellaneous Matters

  • The Kerala High Court introduced Machine Scrutiny to writ petitions, excluding miscellaneous matters, with effective from November 2024.In July 2023, machine scrutiny was introduced for the first time for automated scrutiny of Bail Applications. This was done to improve efficiency and speed in the e-filing process.
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