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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

30 Sep 2024

DAILY G.K. TEST

Start Test

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Shigeru Ishiba Set to Become Japan's Next Prime Minister

  • Shigeru Ishiba is set to become the next Prime Minister of Japan after winning the leadership of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) which has ruled the country for the past seven decades.
  • In 1986, Ishiba became the youngest member of the House of Representatives as a candidate from the LDP. Despite his long affiliation, he often clashed with party views, even defecting to the Japan Renewal Party (1993-1996) before rejoining the LDP. Over his career, he held portfolios including defence minister and minister for revitalising the local economy. This leadership victory marks his fifth attempt to lead the LDP.

Nirmala Sitharaman Attends 9th AIIB Board of Governors Meeting in Samarkand

  • Union Minister for Finance and Corporate Affairs Nirmala Sitharaman represented India at the 9th Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) Board of Governors meeting held in Samarkand, Uzbekistan. During her visit, she also engaged in discussions with Uzbekistan's President Shavkat Mirziyoyev on the sidelines of the meeting.
  • The theme for this year's (2024) AIIB Board of Governors meeting was 'Building Resilient Infrastructure for All', which emphasises the bank's focus on developing financial tools that enable member countries to withstand climate-induced shocks. In June 2024, AIIB introduced Climate Policy-Based Financing (CPBF) to mobilise private capital, supporting member countries in fulfilling their national climate action plans.
  • During the meeting, the Board of Governors approved the Republic of Nauru's application to join the AIIB, bringing the total membership to 110.
  • The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), operational since 2016, is a multilateral bank with China as its largest shareholder (29.9%) and India as the second largest (7.74%). AIIB provides both sovereign and non-sovereign loans, with sovereign loans guaranteed by governments and non-sovereign loans directed toward the private sector. The bank focuses on funding projects that contribute to sustainable and environmentally sound infrastructure development.

India Elected to GlobE Network Steering Committee

  • India was elected to the fifteen-member steering committee of the Global Operational Network of Anti-Corruption Law Enforcement Authorities (GlobE Network) during a plenary session in Beijing, as announced by the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI). This election follows a multi-stage voting process and underscores India's commitment to addressing international corruption and financial crime.
  • As a member of the steering committee, India will play a pivotal role in shaping the global agenda for anti-corruption and asset recovery efforts.
  • The GlobE Network serves as a platform for international cooperation, enabling member countries to tackle cross-border corruption and financial crime effectively. Currently, the network includes 121 member countries and 219 member authorities. In India, the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) acts as the Central Authority, while the CBI and Enforcement Directorate (ED) represent the country as member authorities.
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ENVIRONMENT

Oxygen Bird Park Inaugurated By Nitin Gadkari

  • Union Minister for Road, Transport and Highways Nitin Gadkari, inaugurated the Oxygen Bird Park (Amrit Mahotsav Park) on the Nagpur-Hyderabad National highway 44 in Nagpur, in state of Maharashtra.
  • The Oxygen Bird Park covers a total area of 8.23 hectares, including 2.5 hectares dedicated to social forestry.
  • It is initiated by National Highway Authority of India (NHAI).
  • It represents a holistic initiative, seamlessly combining environmental conservation, recreational amenities, and the creation of sustainable green spaces.
  • A key aspect of the park is its focus on sustainability, showcased through its 'Oxygen Park' feature.
  • Fast-growing, oxygen-producing trees are planted to help reduce air pollution and promote a healthier environment.
  • Beyond its ecological role the project emphasises the creation of a welcoming environment to attract bird populations.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

India and Uzbekistan Sign Bilateral Investment Treaty in Tashkent

  • India and Uzbekistan signed a Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT) aimed at boosting investor confidence and enhancing economic cooperation between the two nations. The treaty was formalised by Indian Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman and Uzbekistan's Deputy Prime Minister Khodjayev Jamshid Abdukhakimovich in Tashkent. This BIT assures protection for investors from both countries, providing a minimum standard of treatment and non-discrimination while facilitating dispute resolution through arbitration. The signing of the BIT reflects the shared commitment of India and Uzbekistan to create a robust investment environment, which is expected to pave the way for increased bilateral investments, benefitting both economies. As of August 2024, India's Overseas Direct Investment (ODI) in Uzbekistan amounted to $20 million, with significant investments in sectors like pharmaceuticals, amusement parks, automobile components, and hospitality.
  • India ranks among the top 10 trade partners of Uzbekistan.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Earth's New Mini Moon: Asteroid 2024 PT5 Orbits for Two Months

  • Earth welcomed a temporary 'mini-moon' in the form of a small asteroid named 2024 PT5, which is orbiting our planet from September 29 to November 25, 2024. Discovered by NASA's Asteroid Terrestrial-Impact Last Alert System (Atlas) in August 2024, this asteroid measures approximately 33 feet wide and originates from the Arjuna asteroid belt, a region filled with various space rocks.
  • Asteroids like 2024 PT5 are not uncommon; similar mini-moons have been observed in the past. For instance, the asteroid 2022 NX1 has orbited Earth multiple times, with its next expected return in 2055. After 2024 PT5 exits Earth's orbit, it will remain in proximity until its closest approach on January 9, 2025. Researchers believe it will again return to Earth's orbit in approximately 30 years.
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SPORTS

Malaysia's Iconic Shah Alam Stadium Demolished amid Safety Concerns

  • The iconic Shah Alam Stadium, one of Malaysia's premier sports venues with a seating capacity of 80,372, met its demise as concerns over its safety rendered it unfit for use. Established in 1994, the stadium not only served as the backdrop for exhilarating football matches but also hosted globally renowned concerts.
  • At the heart of the decision to demolish was Stadium Director Azmi Rahman revealed that in inspections carried out in 2020, it was concluded that the structure posed safety risks.
  • This decision was reached after extensive discussions with concerned parties. Shocking many, the stadium's demolition was a poignant moment for fans and the local community.

BCCI's New Centre of Excellence Inaugurated

  • Three grounds – including one with 85-yard boundaries across all sides – with 86 different types of outdoor and indoor ones in total, a state-of-the-art sports science medicine lab, and a fully-furnished gym facility are among the striking aspects of the BCCI's new Centre of Excellence on the outskirts of Bengaluru.
  • Spread over 40 acres, out of which 33 are utilised, the facility was inaugurated by BCCI president Roger Binny and secretary Jay Shah.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Shreyams Kumar is New INS President

  • M. V. Shreyams Kumar of Mathrubhumi was elected President of The Indian Newspaper Society (INS), an apex body of publishers of newspapers, magazines and periodicals in the country. He will succeed Rakesh Sharma of Aaj Samaj.
  • Vivek Gupta of Sanmarg was elected the Deputy President and Karan Rajendra Darda of Lokmat the Vice President.

Udhayanidhi Stalin Becomes Deputy Chief Minister

  • Udhayanidhi Stalin, the son of Chief Minister M. K. Stalin, was elevated to the post of Deputy Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu.
  • The decision came along with a cabinet reshuffle, which saw Stalin expanding his cabinet by appointing Govi Chezhiaan as the fourth Dalit minister with the Higher Education portfolio.
  • This decision, announced by Raj Bhavan, marks an important moment in the ongoing leadership consolidation within the ruling DMK.
  • The swearing-in ceremony took place at Raj Bhavan, Chennai, solidifying Udhayanidhi's growing influence within the party and the government.

Union Minister Jyotiraditya Scindia inaugurates 5G Open RAN testing Lab at CDoT, Bangalore

  • Minister of Communications, Jyotiraditya Scindia visited Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT) Bengaluru Campus and inaugurated the 5G O-RAN (Open Radio Access Network) Testing lab.
  • The Lab will facilitate development of a complete Indian end to end 5G ecosystem in the areas of core, access, transport, cloud, orchestration and security.
  • The Minister lauded C-DOT's collaborative research initiatives including BharatRAN-1 and BharatRAN-2 for the development of O-RAN compliant disaggregated 5G RAN solution capable of operation in the FR1 (Frequency Range) and FR2 bands for public & private 5G networks.
View Month Wise

DEFENCE

First Memorial for Military Intelligence Heroes in Pune

  • India unveiled its first memorial dedicated to the Military Intelligence (MI) personnel who lost their lives in service. The memorial, called Satark Park, is located in Wanowrie, Pune cantonment in Maharashtra. Inspired by MI's motto 'Sada Satark' (always alert), the park honours MI heroes with busts and brief descriptions of their contributions.
  • The memorial features the busts of several decorated MI personnel, including Kirti Chakra awardees Naik Pratap Singh and Brigadier Ravi Datt Mehta, and Shaurya Chakra awardees Sepoy Om Shiv Sharma, Naik Jangbir Singh, and Havildar S Samy Kannan. It has been constructed by the Military Intelligence Training School and Depot (MITSD) with support from Roadway Solutions India Infra Ltd.
  • Since 1962, 40 MI personnel, including 11 officers, have died in various operations, primarily in Jammu and Kashmir and the North Eastern borders. Their stories, previously unpublished due to the secretive nature of their work, will now be shared with the public.

Air Marshal Amar Preet Singh Takes Over as New Indian Air Force Chief

  • Ace test pilot Air Marshal Amar Preet Singh took over as the new Indian Air Force chief. He is succeeded Air Chief Marshal V. R. Chaudhari who superannuated after completing his tenure of three years.
  • Born in October 1964, the Air Marshal was commissioned into the fighter pilot stream of the Indian Air Force in December 1984. During his long and distinguished service spanning nearly 40 years, he has served in a variety of roles such as Command, Staff, Instructional and Foreign appointments.
  • An alumnus of the National Defence Academy, Defence Services Staff College and National Defence College, the Air Officer is a Qualified Flying Instructor and an Experimental Test Pilot with more than 5,000 hours of flying experience on a variety of fixed and rotary wing aircraft.
View Month Wise

DAYS AND EVENTS

International Translation Day

  • Every year on September 30, International Translation Day is observed to honour the invaluable contributions of translators and language specialists worldwide. This day is dedicated to recognising the achievements of these professionals who promote international communication, understanding, and collaboration. By facilitating dialogue and fostering mutual comprehension, translators play a crucial role in advancing and strengthening global peace and security. The aim of this special day is to inspire translators to continue their remarkable work.
  • On May 24, 2017, the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) adopted a resolution that led to the establishment of this day. Eleven countries signed the resolution, recognising the significance of the work carried out by language specialists.
  • The theme for 2024 International Translation Day is 'Translation, an Art Worth Protecting: Moral and Material Rights for Indigenous Languages.'
View Month Wise

AWARDS AND HONOURS

IIFA Awards 2024: Check the Full List of Winners

  • The second day of the 24th International Indian Film Academy (IIFA) 2024 Awards unfolded in Abu Dhabi, transforming the city into a dazzling hub of Bollywood glamour. The event brought together the crème de la crème of the Hindi film industry, showcasing a perfect blend of talent, style, and cinematic achievements. The evening was expertly steered by the charismatic Shah Rukh Khan, joined by co-hosts Vicky Kaushal and Karan Johar. The pinnacle of the evening was the announcement of the winners, recognising outstanding contributions across various categories in the Indian film industry.
  • Major Award Winners
  • Best Film: "Animal" (Directed by Sandeep Reddy Vanga)
  • Best Actor: Shah Rukh Khan for "Jawan"
  • Best Actress: Rani Mukerji for "Mrs Chatterjee vs Norway"
  • Best Director: Vidhu Vinod Chopra for "12th Fail"
  • Best Supporting Actor: Anil Kapoor for "Animal"
  • Best Supporting Actress: Shabana Azmi for "Rocky Aur Rani Kii Prem Kahaani"
  • Best Actor in Negative Role: Bobby Deol for "Animal"

The 2024 SASTRA Ramanujan Prize

  • Alexander Dunn of the Georgia Institute of Technology, U.S. was selected for the 2024 SASTRA Ramanujan Prize.
  • Alexander Dunn's selection as the 2024 recipient of the SASTRA Ramanujan Prize highlights his significant contributions to mathematics at a young age. While specific details of Dunn's work are not provided in the given information, his affiliation with the Georgia Institute of Technology suggests a strong background in advanced mathematical research.
  • The SASTRA Ramanujan Prize draws its inspiration from one of India's greatest mathematical minds, Srinivasa Ramanujan.
View Month Wise

GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

IIT Delhi Introduces Research Award, Honours PhD Scholars with Rs. 25,000 Prize

  • The Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi launched the Research Communications Award (RCA) to enhance communication skills amongst its PhD scholars. The inaugural winners received a certificate and a cash prize of Rs. 25,000 each for their exceptional work.
  • As part of the RCA initiative, PhD candidates were challenged to write engaging narratives about their research, making it accessible to a broader audience. The award aims to celebrate achievements in communication through competitions like the Research Story Writing Competition and the Three-Minute Thesis (3MT).
  • In the Research Story Writing Competition, participants were required to craft a compelling story that highlighted their research's significance. The 3MT competition allowed candidates to present a concise, three-minute overview of their work to an engaged audience, emphasising the importance of their findings.
View Month Wise

TOURISM AND HOTEL INDUSTRY AWARENESS

Ministry of Tourism Announces Winners of Best Tourism Villages Competition-2024

  • Ministry of Tourism, Government of India announced winners of the Best Tourism Villages Competition 2024, on the occasion of World Tourism Day.
  • To promote tourism to the Soul of India (India's villages), the Best Tourism Villages Competition was introduced in 2023. The focus was to identify and recognise villages which preserve and promote cultural and natural assets through community-based values and commitment to sustainability in all aspects.
  • The first edition of the Best Tourism Villages Competition in 2023 saw applications from 795 villages. In the second edition of the Best Tourism Villages Competition, a total of 991 applications were received from 30 States and UTs, out of which 36 villages were recognised as winners across 8 categories of the Best Tourism Villages competition 2024.
  • Some of the winners are: Harshil and Gunji in Uttrakhand were recognised as best Vibrant Villages, Chitrakote in Chhattisgarh was recognised among the ones for Community Based Tourism, Kuthlur in Karanataka was among the ones recognised for Adventure Tourism.

Ministry of Tourism Unveils Paryatan Mitra and Didi Initiative

  • The Ministry of Tourism launched 'Paryatan Mitra and Paryatan Didi', a responsible tourism initiative aimed at improving tourist experiences across India. The initiative focuses on empowering local communities, especially women and youth, to serve as ambassadors and storytellers of their destinations, enhancing hospitality, cleanliness, and sustainability.
  • The initiative, inspired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi's vision, aims to promote tourism as a means of social inclusion, employment, and economic growth. The program focuses on training individuals in hospitality, safety, and sustainability, while emphasising cleanliness and the importance of a positive tourist experience.
View Month Wise

LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

Justice Manmohan Sworn in as Chief Justice of Delhi High Court

  • Justice Manmohan took oath as the Chief Justice of Delhi High Court.
  • Oath was administered to Justice Manmohan by Lieutenant Governor Vinai Kumar Saxena at the Raj Niwas.
  • The swearing in ceremony was attended by Delhi Chief Minister Atishi. Others present were the Speaker of the Delhi Assembly, Ram Niwas Goel; Leader of the Opposition, judges of the Delhi High Court, Principal District and Sessions Judges of Delhi District Courts, the Registrar General of the Delhi High Court, Chief Secretary of the Government of Delhi and the Commissioner of Police.
  • Earlier he was serving as Acting Chief Justice of Delhi High Court.
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