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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

11 Oct 2022

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Malaysian PM Ismail Yaakob Dissolves Parliament, Calls for Early Elections

  • Malaysian Prime Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob dissolved the Parliament, paving the way for general elections that are expected to be held in early November.
  • The elections would come nine months before Parliament's term expires, following calls for early polls from Ismail's United Malays National Organisation.
  • UMNO, the biggest party in the ruling coalition, was feuding with its allies and is aiming for a big win on its own.
  • The Election Commission is expected to meet within the week to announce a date for the vote.

In UNGA, India Votes to Reject Russia's Demand for Secret Ballot on Draft Resolution on Ukraine

  • India for the first time voted at the UN General Assembly (UNGA) against Russia's demand for a secret ballot on a draft resolution to condemn its annexation of four regions of Ukraine.
  • India voted against Russia in August at the UN Security Council (UNSC) on the issue of inviting President Zelenskyy to speak virtually at a debate on Ukraine. The Foreign Office had then said "we have not voted against anyone," terming the vote as procedural.
  • This time, too, the vote is procedural – on the question of whether the division at the end of a forthcoming debate in UNGA should be open or by secret ballot.
  • Albania moved a motion seeking to condemn Russia's "illegal so-called referendums" and "attempted illegal annexation" of Ukraine's Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk, and Zaporizhzhia regions.
  • With 107 countries at UNGA, including India, rejecting Russia's demand for a secret ballot, Russia has appealed against the ruling by the chair and this year's UNGA President Csaba Korosi.
  • Only 13 nations voted in favour of Russia's call for a secret ballot and 39 abstained. Russia and China were among the countries that did not vote.
  • Russia then sought reconsideration of the decision to adopt the motion submitted by Albania for a recorded vote. The UNGA decided not to reconsider the motion after 104 nations, including India, voted against, 16 voted in favour and 34 abstained.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Ashok Leyland, IIT Madras Tie up to Develop Hybrid EVS using Turbine Tech

  • Ashok Leyland, the flagship company of the Hinduja Group and a leading commercial vehicle manufacturer, and researchers at the National Centre for Combustion Research and Development (NCCRD) joined hands for development and commercialisation of 'swirl mesh lean direct injection (LDI) system' for developing hybrid electrical vehicles using turbine technology. NCCRD is an arm of the Indian Institute of Technology, Madras.
  • IIT Madras researchers at NCCRD are developing an indigenously-designed micro gas turbine, whose core is a patented combustion technology called 'Swirl Mesh Lean Direct Injection (LDI) system.' The main power train will be the electric motor, but the onboard power would be generated by the micro gas turbine, developed jointly by NCCRD and Aerostrovilos Energy, an IITM-incubated start-up. This micro gas turbine will replace the large battery.
  • After the technology was demonstrated on a lab scale, Ashok Leyland signed a letter of support to develop it for heavy vehicles with NCCRD, IIT Madras. As part of the collaboration, Ashok Leyland handed over to NCCRD a nine-meter passenger electric bus.
  • Micro Gas Turbines hold significant promise as a technology that will extend fuel combustion beyond traditional IC engines and provide for more efficient performance and multi-fuel capability.

AU Small Finance Bank Re-appoints R. V. Verma as Non-executive Chairman

  • AU Small Finance Bank re-appointed former head of National Housing Bank (NHB) R. V. Verma as its non-executive chairman.
  • The decision was taken at its board meeting.
  • The board approved the re-appointment of Raj Vikash Verma as part-time chairman of the bank with effect from April 8, 2023 till January 29, 2024 (that is, till completion of his tenure as independent director).
  • The appointment is subject to the approval of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).
  • Verma, who also served as a whole-time member of Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA), took charge as part-time chairman of the bank on April 8, 2020.

RBI Cancels Licence of the Seva Vikas Co-op Bank amid Inadequate Capital

  • The Reserve Bank of India cancelled the licence of Pune-based The Seva Vikas Co-operative Bank Ltd as the lender does not have adequate capital and earning prospects.
  • The bank ceased to carry on banking business, with effect from the close of business.
  • As per the data submitted by the bank, it said about 99 per cent of the depositors are entitled to receive full amount of their deposits from the Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation (DICGC).
  • It also noted that the bank with its present financial position would be unable to pay its present depositors in full.
  • The Seva Vikas Co-operative Bank is prohibited from conducting the business of banking which includes, among other things, acceptance of deposits and repayment of deposits with immediate effect.
  • The Commissioner for Cooperation and Registrar of Cooperative Societies, Maharashtra was asked to issue an order for winding up the bank and appoint a liquidator for the bank.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

MS Dhoni Launches Made-in-India 'Droni' Camera Drone for Farming Solutions

  • Indian cricket star Mahendra Singh Dhoni launched the made-in-India camera drone named 'Droni' with advanced features manufactured by Garuda Aerospace.
  • Dhoni is the brand ambassador of Garuda Aerospace, a company which has attempted to offer drone solutions for agricultural pesticide spraying, solar panel cleaning, industrial pipeline inspections, mapping, surveying, public announcements, and delivery services.
  • It has ventured into the consumer drone market with 'Droni'.
  • As per reports, the product will be available in the market by the end of 2022.
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SPORTS

India Deaf Cricket Team Beats S. Africa to Win DICC T20 Champions Trophy

  • India Deaf Cricket Team was the only undefeated team in the tournament where India came up with a spirited show with both ball and bat as Men in Blue successfully posted the target of 141 runs and maintained their excellent track record by defeating South Africa by 39 runs in the final match and secured the DICC T20 Champions Trophy at Malek stadium, Ajman, UAE.

Harmanpreet Kaur and Mohammed Rizwan Seal ICC Player of the Month Crowns for September

  • The International Cricket Council (ICC) announced the winners of the ICC Player of the Month awards for September 2022. India's inspirational captain Harmanpreet Kaur was named the recipient of the ICC Women's Player of the Month award, while Pakistan ace Mohammad Rizwan claimed the ICC Men's Player of the Month award.
  • Harmanpreet received the award for her memorable showing in the ODI series in England.
  • The Indian skipper beat her deputy Smriti Mandhana and Bangladesh counterpart Nigar Sultana, who also came up with some stunning displays.
  • Rizwan defeated Indian left-arm spinner Axar Patel and Australian all-rounder Cameroon Green to claim the award. Rizwan was in stunning form in September, churning out some sizzling performances in T20Is.

37th National Games: Goa to Host Games in October 2023

  • The Indian Olympic Association confirmed that Goa would host the 37th edition of the National Games in October next year (2023). The state government of Goa also conveyed its in-principle approval to IOA to host the National Games in 2023.
  • Notably: The 37th National Games would be decided keeping in view the dates of the 19th Asian Games, which will be held from 23rd September to 8th October 2022 in Hangzhou, China.
  • Goa got the rights to host the National Games in 2008 but hasn't been able to host the games for a number of reasons. Goa was set to host the 36th edition of the National Games but the IOA had to shift the venue to Gujrat, who agreed to conduct the event in a short span of time.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

EC Allots New Names for Uddhav Thackeray, Shinde Factions

  • The Election Commission allotted new party names to the rival Shiv Sena factions led by Uddhav Thackeray and Maharashtra Chief Minister Eknath Shinde, but rejected all proposed alternatives of the party symbol submitted by the Shinde camp while giving the mashaal (torch) symbol to the Thackeray group.
  • EC, which had frozen the party name as well as the Shiv Sena's bow and arrow symbol as an interim measure, has now decreed that the Uddhav Thackeray faction would be called the 'Shiv Sena (Uddhav Balasaheb Thackeray)' while the Shinde faction is to be known as 'Balasaheb's Shiv Sena.'

India Gets 4th Set of Swiss a/c Details under Auto Info Exchange Framework

  • India received the fourth set of Swiss bank account details of its nationals and organisations as part of an annual automatic information exchange under which Switzerland has shared particulars of nearly 34 lakh financial accounts with 101 countries.
  • The new details shared with India pertain to "hundreds of financial accounts", including many cases of multiple accounts associated with some individuals, corporates and trusts.
  • They did not divulge specifics, citing the confidentiality clause of the information exchange and the adverse impact it may have on further investigations, but asserted that the data would be used extensively in probes of suspected tax evasion and other wrong doings including of money laundering and terror funding.
  • the Federal Tax Administration (FTA) on Monday said that the exchange of information this year saw five new additions to the list -- Albania, Brunei Darussalam, Nigeria, Peru and Turkey. The count of financial accounts increased by nearly one lakh.
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DEFENCE

Kyrgyzstan Calls off Indestructible Brotherhood-2022

  • Kyrgyzstan called off the CSTO's military drills called Indestructible Brotherhood-2022, which were set to be held in the Central Asian country from October 10 to 14.
  • Kyrgyzstan, a former Soviet Republic, called off the "Indestructible Brotherhood 2022" command and staff exercise a day before the multinational military exercise was scheduled to commence in its territory.
  • The exercise is joint military drill involving army personnel from Collective Security Treaty Organisation (CSTO) – a 6-member security alliance comprising of Russia, Belarus, Armenia, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan and Tajikistan.
  • Non-member states like Syria, Serbia and Uzbekistan were also invited for this military exercise as observers.
  • The multilateral military drills were set to take place in the eastern highlands of Kyrgyzstan.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

Padma Shri Awardee and Popular 'Villupattu' Exponent Subbu Arumugam Passes Away

  • Popular 'Villupattu' exponent Subbu Arumugam, who enthralled audiences for about four decades, passed away in Chennai. He was 94.
  • 'Villupattu' is an ancient form of musical story-telling and the narration is interspersed with music. It is performed mostly during temple festivals. Arumugam is said to have popularised this art form effectively attracting audiences of all age-groups over the years.
  • Padma Shri awardee Subbu Arumugam's art showcased a perfect blend of Tamil and folk form. His knowledge of the Tamil language and literature and his exposure to folk art forms drew him towards Villupaatu.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

International Day of the Girl Child

  • International Day of the Girl Child is observed on October 11 to raise awareness about the gender inequality faced by girls worldwide. On this day, the United Nations and other organisations hold events and talks on issues like child marriage, violence against women, access to education and more. At the same time, this day seeks to inspire with tales of change makers and encourages girls to realise their full potential. International Day of the Girl Child is also known as the Day of Girls and the International Day of the Girl.
  • International Day of the Girl Child was first celebrated on October 11, 2012.
  • The idea for an international day for girls grew out of an NGO's 'Because I am a Girl' campaign. Plan International, the NGO, eventually urged the United Nations to become involved.
  • Canada was the first country to formally propose a resolution on IDG in front of the UN. On December 19, 2011, the United Nations General Assembly voted to pass a resolution adopting October 11, 2012 as the inaugural International Day of Girls.
  • The theme for the International Day of Girl Child 2022 was 'Our Time Is Now — Our Rights, Our Future.'
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

Former US Fed Chair Bernanke, Two Others Win Nobel Prize in Economics

  • The 2022 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded to the former chair of the US Federal Reserve, Ben S Bernanke, and two US-based economists, Douglas W. Diamond and Philip H. Dybvig, "for research on banks and financial crises." The prize was announced by the Nobel panel at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in Stockholm.
  • The committee said that their work had shown in their research "why avoiding bank collapses is vital." Nobel Prizes carry a cash award of 10 million Swedish kronor (nearly $900,000) and will be handed out on Dec. 10.
  • Unlike the other prizes, the economics award wasn't established in Alfred Nobel's will of 1895 but by the Swedish central bank in his memory. The first winner was selected in 1969.

Former IIM Ahmedabad Director Bakul Dholakia Honoured with Lal Bahadur Shastri National Award

  • Former IIM Ahmedabad and Padma Shri Bakul Dholakia was conferred with the Lal Bahadur Shastri National Award by vice-president Jagdeep Dhankhar for his outstanding contribution in the field of management.
  • The award presented by the Lal Bahadur Shastri Institute of Management carries a cash prize of Rs. 5 lakh, a memento, and a citation.
  • Bakul Dholakia, a stalwart in the field of finance and management, made great strides as the IIM Ahmedabad Director. Among his mentee were the likes of Harsha Bhogle and Raghuram Rajan.
  • He was also the director general of the International Management Institute, Delhi. Prior to joining IMI, he was the director of Adani Institute of Infrastructure Management and Gujarat Adani Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhuj.
  • Dholakia is a gold medalist from Baroda University and holds a doctorate in Economics. He has 47 years of professional experience, including 33 years at IIM Ahmedabad.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

School-to-work Transition Facing Major Hurdles in India: WEF Report

  • The school-to-work transition process is still facing major hurdles in India and a lack of coordinated efforts has resulted in an isolated skilling system that has not been able to achieve its maximum potential, a World Economic Forum (WEF) report stated.
  • The report titled 'Education 4.0 Report', on how digital and other technologies can address learning gaps and make education accessible to all, was launched as part of WEF's Education 4.0 India initiative.
  • India has more than 60 million secondary and higher secondary students, but 85 per cent of schools are yet to implement vocational courses as part of their curriculum.
  • School-to-work (S2W) transition refers to the process of making students job-ready in a rapidly evolving employment landscape.
  • As per the report, the S2W transition process is still facing major hurdles such as lack of trainers, inadequate resources and infrastructure, poor integration with the mainstream school curriculum, and poor linkages between localized skill gaps and vocational courses.
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LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

Justice Ali Mohammad Magrey Will be the Chief Justice of the Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh High Court

  • The Central government notified the elevation of Justice Ali Mohammad Magrey as the Chief Justice of the Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh High Court.
  • In the meeting by the Supreme Court collegium, headed by the CJI UU Lalit, the elevation of the officer was recommended.
  • The sudden decision was taken in the wake of the transfer of Justice Pankaj Mithal.
  • Justice Ali Mohammad Magrey was born on December 8, 1960.
  • He enrolled himself as an advocate in the year 1984 and started to practice law in the district courts, including revenue courts/ tribunals and also in the High Court.
  • In March 2013, he was appointed a judge of the Jammu and Kashmir High Court.

Supreme Court Pulls up West Bengal Government over Re-appointment of Calcutta University Vice-Chancellor

  • The Supreme Court came down heavily on the West Bengal government, stating that in order to re-appoint Sonali Chakravarti Banerjee as Vice-Chancellor of the Calcutta University, the state had 'usurped' the powers of the Chancellor (State Governor).
  • The Bench of Justice D.Y. Chandrachud and Justice Hima Kohli disposed off the pleas filed by the West Bengal government and Banerjee, challenging the Calcutta High Court verdict, which had set aside the State government's decision to re-appoint Banerjee as the VC of CU.
  • The Apex Court did not find any fault with the High Court order and noted that it was correct both in facts and in law.
  • The Bench observed that the State, in order to remove the obstacles which could have arisen due to statutory restrictions, misused the 'removal of difficulty' clause under the Calcutta University Act, and usurped the power of the Chancellor to make the appointment.

Central Government Notifies Elevation of Justice P.B. Varale as Chief Justice of Karnataka High Court

  • The Central government notified the elevation of Justice P.B. Varale of the Bombay High Court as the Chief Justice of Karnataka High Court.
  • The elevation of Justice PB Varale was recommended by the Supreme Court collegium which was headed by the Chief Justice of India UU Lalit.
  • Along with Justice Varale, three senior judges of the Bombay High Court were recommended to be elevated as chief justices of other high courts or as Supreme Court judge.
  • Justice Varale, who is the senior-most judge at Bombay High Court, was enrolled as an advocate in August 1985 and had the opportunity to have practised under advocate SN Loya during his initial years.
  • Justice PB Varale has also served as a lecturer at Ambedkar Law College in Aurangabad till 1992.
  • Justice Varale will be the fourth judge from Bombay High Court to become the Chief Justice in Karnataka.
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