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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

25 Jul 2022

DAILY G.K. TEST

Start Test

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Thai PM Prayut Chan-o-cha Survives No-confidence Vote in Parliament

  • Thai Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha thwarted an attempt by the opposition to unseat his government after surviving a no-confidence vote in Parliament ahead of a general election due within 11 months.
  • Prayut, former army chief who has been in power since a coup he led in 2014, won the vote in the House of Representatives after receiving 256 votes in favour and 206 against with nine abstentions from the MPs.
  • The vote followed four days of censure debate and was the latest attempt by the opposition to unseat Prayut's government.

India, Six others Vote against Resolution to Grant UN Accreditation to 6 Rights Groups

  • India along with six others voted against a draft resolution presented by the US that recommended six human rights groups, which have been blocked for years in the United Nations' NGO Committee, be granted special consultative status at the UN Economic and Social Council.
  • At the meeting of the 54-member Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC), the Committee on Non-Governmental Organisations recommended 203 groups for special consultative status.
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ENVIRONMENT

Assam Okays Second Wildlife Sanctuary in Barak Valley

  • The Assam government approved creation of a second wildlife sanctuary in the Barak Valley.
  • The Barak Valley in Assam is home to multitude of birds and mammals.
  • Assam Governor Jagdish Mukhi approved a proposal for the creation of Barak Bhuban Wildlife Sanctuary.
  • The Barak Bhuban Wildlife Sanctuary in Barak Valley of Assam will spread across an area of 320 sq. km between the Barak River and the Sonai River.
  • The Barak Bhuban Wildlife Sanctuary will be home to: slow loris, rhesus macaque, pig-tailed macaque, stump-tailed macaque, Assamese macaque, capped langur, phayre's leaf monkey, and hoolock gibbon.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

NITI Aayog Releases Report Titled 'Digital Banks'

  • Government think tank NITI Aayog released its report on digital banks, offering a template and roadmap for licensing and regulatory regime for India. The report focuses on avoiding any regulatory or policy arbitrage and offers a level playing field to incumbents as well as competitors.
  • Given the need for leveraging technology effectively to cater to the needs of banking in India, this report studied the prevailing gaps, the niches that remain underserved, and the global regulatory best practices in licensing digital banks," said NITI Aayog CEO Parameswaran Iyer while releasing the report titled 'A proposal for Digital Banks in India: Licensing and Regulatory Regime'.
  • A digital bank would be a bank defined in the Banking Regulation Act, 1949, and shall have its own balance sheet and legal existence. Such a bank would be different from the 75 Digital Banking Units (DBUs), which was announced by Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman in Union Budget 2022-23.

RBI Approves Open, Cashfree Payments, PayNearby and Fairexpay for Cross-Border Payments

  • The Reserve Bank of India gave the go-ahead to Open, Cashfree Payments, PayNearby & Fairexpay, providers of payments and API banking solutions, for its cross-border payments offering. Cross-border payments are the focus of the Reserve Bank of India's (RBI) announcement about the Second Cohort's release from the Regulatory Sandbox. The reserve bank chose four of the eight entities that were a part of the Test Phase. These companies include the unicorn of neobanking, Open, as well as Cashfree Payments, PayNearby, and Fairexpay. These entities have all successfully passed the second cohort's Test Phase.
  • Open is a neobank that provides B2B services like payment solutions, APIs, and payment gateways that enable cross-border payments. Open is one of India's 22 fintech unicorns.
  • The solution from Cashfree Payments aims to give Indian fintech companies the ability to let Indian investors purchase shares, exchange-traded fund (ETF) units, and other assets listed on foreign markets using UPI/Net Banking.
  • For outbound remittance, Fairexpay offers an aggregation platform of international payment service providers.
  • PayNearby enables the existing Rupee Drawing Arrangement (RDA) method to route the inward cross-border payment to the beneficiary's Aadhaar number as a virtual bank account.

Canara Bank Launches New Mobile Banking App

  • Canara Bank launched its mobile banking super app, 'Canara ai1', which is a one-stop solution having over 250 features fulfilling all the banking needs of customers. The latest app eliminates the need of having multiple mobile apps working in silos for availing different specific services.
  • As per Canara Bank MD & CEO L. V. Prabhakar, the lender's core vision is e-transactions for everyone, everywhere and every time and the bank is leveraging technology to enable the customers to use banking services at their fingertips.
  • Canara ai1 has advanced features such an intuitive UI & UX having multiple themes and customisable menus/ dashboards which can be personalised as per the user's choice.
  • The app, which is available in 11 languages, provides solution to all banking and lifestyle needs such as compare and shop, utility bill payments, flight/ hotel/ cab booking, payments, loan repayment, and investment services like mutual fund, insurance and demat services, among other services.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

China Successfully Launches First Lab Module for its Space Station

  • China successfully launched the first lab module of its under-construction space station.
  • The Long March-5B Y3 carrier rocket, carrying Wentian, blasted off from the Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site on the coast of the southern island province of Hainan.
  • The new module would function both as a backup of the core module and as a powerful scientific experiment platform in the Tiangong space station currently being built by the country.
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SPORTS

Eldhose Paul Becomes First Indian to Qualify for Triple Jump Final & Finishes 9th

  • Eldhose Paul, the first Indian triple jumper to compete in a World Athletics Championships final, put on a commendable display to finish ninth at the 2022 meet.
  • Paul, who produced a best attempt of 16.68m in the qualifiers to squeeze through into the 12-man final, began with a 16.37m jump in his first attempt. With his second attempt, he improved his mark to 16.79m — just 0.20m short of his personal best of 16.99m logged at the Federation Cup earlier this year.
  • However, the Indian jumper posted a disappointing 13.86m with his third jump and narrowly missed out on a top eight placement after the third round, which meant he couldn't get the three additional attempts.
  • Tokyo 2020 champion Pedro Pichardo won the gold medal with a world-leading mark of 17.95m. Burkina Faso's Hugues Fabrice Zango, the Tokyo 2020 bronze medallist, clinched silver with 17.55m while the bronze went to China's Yaming Zhu, the Tokyo silver medallist.

Neeraj Chopra Wins Silver in World Athletics Championships

  • Olympic champion Neeraj Chopra scripted yet another history as he became only the second Indian and first male track and field athlete to win a medal in the World Athletics Championships by clinching silver in the javelin throw final.
  • Chopra who had come into the showpiece as a hot medal favourite, produced a best throw of 88.13m to finish second.
  • The legendary long jumper Anju Bobby George was the first Indian to win a medal -- bronze -- in the World Athletics Championships in the 2003 edition in Paris.
  • Defending champion Anderson Peters of Grenada won gold with a best throw of 90.54m while Olympic silver winner Jakub Vadlejch of Czech Republic took the bronze with 88.09m.

Tobi Amusan Breaks World Record in 100m Hurdles Semis, Claims Gold in Final

  • Nigeria's Tobi Amusan broke the women's 100m hurdles world record after a spectacular performance in the semi-finals at the World Athletics Championships in Oregon.
  • After breaking the world record, she also went on to win gold in the final clash.
  • The Nigerian was competed in the very first race of Day 10 of the championships when she breezed past the line in the new world record of 12.12, breaking the previous mark of 12.20 by 0.08 seconds.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Gujarat Police Launches e-FIR System

  • Gujarat Government launched the e-FIR service for the crimes like mobile or two-wheeler theft, a step towards digital governance. The e-governance initiatives and e-FIR system was launched as a part of "e-GujCop project". This move is aimed at resolving the mentioned incidents in faster manner.
  • Citizens can avail the e-FIR system of Gujarat Police by filing complaints or e-FIR in online mode.
  • Gujarat police will then contact the complainant within first 48 hours of registering an e-FIR and visit the place of incident.
  • Police will complete the investigation process within 21 days.
  • Following this, a status report will be submitted to the court.
  • The e-FIR system is currently offering 16 Police-related services in online mode. These services include registration of senior citizens, domestic help, tenants, or property registration, Police NOC and missing person report, etc.
  • The e-GujCop Project was launched on September 19, 2013. It is a unique system, integrating IT into working of the Home Department. The project helps in preventing the wrongdoers from committing crimes in society.

Droupadi Murmu Takes Oath as 15th President

  • Droupadi Murmu took oath as the 15th President of India and became the first tribal woman to occupy the highest office in the country. Murmu is the first President of India who was born in independent India. She was administered oath by Chief Justice of India N.V. Ramana at a ceremony that was held at Parliament's Central Hall in the presence of former President Ram Nath Kovind, Vice President and Rajya Sabha Chairman M. Venkaiah Naidu and Prime Minister Narendra Modi amongst others.
  • In her first address as President, Murmu said that her election to the top constitutional post proves that in India, the poor can not only dream but also fulfill those aspirations.

Flag Foundation of India Welcomes Amendment to Flag Code of India

  • President of Flag Foundation of India (FFI) Naveen Jindal welcomed the latest Amendment to the Flag Code of India 2002 after which a common citizen can hoist and unfurl the national flag 24 hours a day (day and night) at their homes and office locations.
  • Earlier, in 2009, the government had permitted that the tricolour can be flown day and night on giant flagpoles with proper illuminance and power backup.
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DEFENCE

BEL Signs Rs. 250 crore Contract with MoD

  • Navratna Defence PSU Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) signed a contract worth Rs. 250 crore with the Ministry of Defence for the supply of Integrated Anti-Submarine Warfare systems (IAC MOD C) for surface ships of the Indian Army.
  • The indigenously developed IAC MOD C by BEL in association with DRDO would be able to compute fire control solutions and facilitate the firing of ASW weapons such as Torpedoes and Rockets. It can also help the fire control system to customise requirements for small ships and large configurations of ships.

India and Japan Conduct Maritime Partnership Exercise in Andaman Sea

  • A Maritime Partnership Exercise (MPX) was conducted between Japan Maritime Self Defense Force and Indian Navy in the Andaman Sea.
  • INS Sukanya, an offshore patrol vessel and JS Samidare, a Murasame class destroyer, undertook various exercises including seamanship activities, aircraft operations and tactical manoeuvres as part of the operational interaction.
  • The two countries have been carrying out regular exercises in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) aimed towards reinforcing maritime association.
  • The exercises conducted were aimed at enhancing interoperability and streamlining seamanship and communication procedures. This exercise was part of the ongoing efforts between the two navies towards ensuring safe and secure international shipping and trade in the IOR.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

World Embryologists Day

  • On July 25, 1978, Louise Joy Brown became the first baby to be born through in vitro fertilisation (IVF) method. Since then, IVF has become a ray of hope for couples with infertility issues who dream of having a baby. Therefore, Brown's birthday is celebrated every year as the World Embryologist Day.
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

Indian-Origin Professor of Engineering Wins Prestigious Global Energy Prize

  • Kaushik Rajashekara, an Indian-origin professor of engineering at the University of Houston, won the prestigious Global Energy Prize for outstanding contributions to transportation electrification and energy efficiency technologies while reducing power generation emissions.
  • Only three people in the world were selected this year for the honour, bestowed by the Global Energy Association, out of a record 119 nominations from 43 countries.
  • Indian-Origin Professor of Engineering Wins Prestigious Global Energy Prize
  • Kaushik Rajashekara is only one of three people in the world who were selected this year for the honour.
  • Kaushik Rajashekara, an Indian-origin professor of engineering at the University of Houston, has won the prestigious Global Energy Prize for outstanding contributions to transportation electrification and energy efficiency technologies while reducing power generation emissions.
  • Only three people in the world were selected this year for the honour, bestowed by the Global Energy Association, out of a record 119 nominations from 43 countries.
  • Rajashekara was joined as a 2022 laureate by Viktor Orlov, chief specialist of the Centre for Innovative Technologies (Rosatom in Russia) and pioneer in thermonuclear physics; and Mercouri Kanatzidis, professor of chemistry and materials science at Northwestern University and senior researcher at the Argonne National Laboratory.

Kamal Haasan Honoured by the UAE, Obtains a Golden Visa

  • Kamal Haasan, a prominent figure in the Tamil cinema industry, was given the prestigious Golden Visa by the United Arab Emirates. The Golden Visa has been given to others besides actor Kamal Hasan. Actors Nasser, Mammootty, Mohanlal, Tovino Thomas, Parthiepan, Amala Paul, and Shah Rukh Khan all have received it before Kamal Hasan.
  • The UAE Golden Visa is an extended resident visa programme which lasts between five and ten years.
  • The visa is perpetually extended. It is given to high performers in a variety of industries, as well as to professionals, investors, and those with potential skills.
  • The cost of the Golden Visa for those who are currently residents of the UAE ranges from AED 2,800 to AED 3,800.
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GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

Burhanpur of MP Becomes First Certified 'Har Ghar Jal' District in India

  • Burhanpur also known as the 'Darwaza of Dakhin' in Madhya Pradesh became the first 'Har Ghar Jal' certified district in the country.
  • Only 37,241 rural households (36.54 per cent) out of a total of 1,01, 905 households in Burhanpur had potable drinking water through tap connections at the time of the launch of Jal Jeevan Mission on 15th August 2019.
  • Despite various disruptions and challenges in face of the COVID-19 pandemic, the consistent efforts by Panchayat representatives, Pani Samitis and district officials of Burhanpur have led to the provision of functional tap water connections to all its 1,01,905 rural households within a span of 34 months.
  • In addition to the households, all 640 schools, 547 Anganwadi centres and 440 other public institutions now also have tap connections.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

WHO Declares Monkeypox a Global Emergency

  • The World Health Organisation declared the global monkeypox outbreak a 'public health emergency of international concern' (PHEIC), one step below that of a 'pandemic.'
  • A PHEIC, according to the WHO, constitutes an extraordinary event, which constitutes a public health risk to other States through the international spread, and which potentially requires a coordinated international response.
  • The latest decision followed a meeting of the International Health Regulations Emergency Committee to discuss the monkeypox outbreak in several countries. It is this Committee of the WHO that decides on the seriousness of a public health crisis.

Delhi University Likely to Start Certificate Course on Patent Laws

  • The Delhi University is planning to start a certificate course on patent laws to help students to make their research a "tangible" product and give them basic knowledge about filing for patents.
  • This would be the first time that such a course would be offered at the varsity.
  • Patent laws are taught as a part of the Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) paper at the Delhi University's Law Faculty, and some science courses in the varsity also include a chapter on the topic.
  • The varsity has constituted a committee for framing the syllabus and other modalities for a course on patent laws.

IIT-Madras in Talks to Set Up Campus in Tanzania

  • An offshore campus of IIT Madras in Tanzania is among the options on the government's table as it works on a plan to ensure the country's premier engineering institutes have a presence on the world map.
  • The recommendations made in a draft report prepared by a 16-member committee, headed by IIT Council standing committee chairperson Dr. K. Radhakrishnan, are acting as a possible roadmap for the expansion plans.
  • IIT Madras Director Prof V. Kamakoti said that apart from Tanzania and other African countries, the institute also received requests from Sri Lanka and Nepal for campuses to offer courses in emerging areas such as data sciences and artificial intelligence as well as energy systems.
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BOOKS AND AUTHORS

'The Light We Carry': Michelle Obama's Second Book to Hit Stands in November

  • After the huge success of her acclaimed memoir "Becoming" in 2018, former US first lady Michelle Obama announced the release of her second book, "The Light We Carry: Overcoming in Uncertain Times".
  • The book, scheduled to release on November 15, will be published simultaneously in 14 languages and 27 countries around the world, with additional languages and territories to be announced.
  • In the book, Michelle Obama offers readers a series of fresh stories and insightful reflections on change, challenge, and power, including "her belief that when we light up for others, we can illuminate the richness and potential of the world around us, discovering deeper truths and new pathways for progress".
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TOURISM AND HOTEL INDUSTRY AWARENESS

Jharkhand Unveil Ambitious 'Tourism Policy 2021'

  • Jharkhand launched its Tourism Policy 2021' in New Delhi with a vision to revive and revamp the state's tourism sector.
  • The new policy focuses on promotion of religious, eco, adventure, wellness, rural, and mining tourism.
  • It offers a host of incentives and subsidies to attract investors across the nation and abroad.
  • Jharkhand has truly embarked on a journey to establish itself as one of the premier tourist destinations in India.
  • Security, which is a pertinent issue for tourism to thrive in any state, will be ensured by positioning a Tourist Security Force, 24-hour helpline and a central control room.
  • The new policy seeks to build upon a holistic approach, which takes into account rural tourism and the local economy, and at the same time, makes room for the modern and urban traveller.
  • The key focus area is to develop Parasnath, Madhuban and Itkhori as places of religious pilgrimage.
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LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

Media Running Kangaroo Courts

  • Accusing the media of running "kangaroo courts", Chief Justice of India N.V. Ramana urged them, particularly the electronic and social media, to behave responsibly, saying "media trials cannot be a guiding factor in deciding cases".
  • Delivering the inaugural Justice SB Sinha Memorial Lecture in Ranchi on 'Life of a Judge', the CJI said, "Of late, we see the media running kangaroo courts, at times on issues even experienced judges find difficult to decide. 
  • The CJI's comments came close on the heels of widespread criticism of scathing comments made by a Bench of Justice Surya Kant and Justice JB Pardiwala on suspended BJP spokesperson Nupur Sharma for her alleged remarks on Prophet Mohammed.
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