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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

28 Sep 2020

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Jacinda Ardern on Course for Election Victory

  • New Zealand Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern is poised to retain power at next month's election, a widely watched poll showed, although it said a recent COVID-19 outbreak has dented her support slightly.
  • A Newshub-Reid Research Poll released showed support for Ardern's Labour Party to 50.1%, though this is down from the record 60.9% recorded earlier this year when New Zealand was widely lauded as a world leader in battling COVID-19.
  • Support for the main opposition National Party was at 29.6%, up 4.5 percentage points.
  • Should the poll findings materialise, Ardern would govern without relying on any coalition partners.
  • New Zealand was COVID-free for 102 days until a second wave hit Auckland last month.

Fighting Erupts between Armenia and Azerbaijan

  • Fighting erupted between Armenian and Azerbaijani forces over the disputed separatist region of Nagorno-Karabakh, while Azerbaijan's president said his military has suffered losses.
  • Armenia also claimed that two Azerbaijani helicopters were shot down and three Azerbaijani tanks were hit by artillery, but Azerbaijan's defense ministry rejected that claim.
  • Heavy fighting broke out in the morning in the region that lies within Azerbaijan but has been under the control of ethnic Armenian forces backed by Armenia since 1994 at the end of a separatist war.
  • Nagorno-Karabakh authorities reported that shelling hit the region's capital of Stepanakert and the towns of Martakert and Martuni. Armenian Defense Ministry spokesman Artsrun Hovhannisyan said that Azerbaijani shelling hit within Armenian territory near the town of Vardenis.

Afghanistan's Abdullah Abdullah Arrives in Pakistan for Talks on Peace Bid

  • Senior Afghan peace official Abdullah Abdullah arrived in Pakistan for meetings in a country seen as vital to the success of Afghan talks aimed at ending decades of war.
  • During his three-day visit to Islamabad, Abdullah, a former Foreign Minister and chairman of Afghanistan`s High Council for National Reconciliation will meet Prime Minister Imran Khan as well as Pakistan`s Foreign Minister.
  • Relations between Pakistan and Afghanistan have long been rocky. Afghanistan and its international allies have for years accused Pakistan of backing Taliban insurgents as a way to limit the influence of old rival India in Afghanistan.
View Month Wise

ENVIRONMENT

Gujarat Tree Cover Shrank between 2006 and 2017

  • The Comptroller and Audit General (CAG) submitted its reports at both the houses of the parliaments. According to the report, forest cover in Gujarat decreased between 2006 and 2017.
  • The tree cover in the state was 8,390 square kilometres. It shrank to 6,910 square kilometres in 2017. According to the report, tree cover includes exclusive forest cover and tree patches outside forest area. The total forest cover in the country is 21.67%. Of this, Gujarat contributes 7.57%. The forest cover in the country increased from 690.90 thousand square kilometres to 712.25 thousand square kilometres.
  • Forest Cover in India includes lands more than one hectare with tree canopy density of more than 10% irrespective of legal status and ownership rights. According to the report, the Indian State of Forest Report said that the forest cover in the state increased to 14,860 square kilo metres. However, the tree cover in the state has decreased. This is contradictory.
View Month Wise

BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Vakrangee Gets RBI Nod to Set up BBPS Unit

  • The Reserve Bank granted in-principle approval to Vakrangee Ltd to set up Bharat Bill Payment Operating Unit (BBPOU) to handle payment services related to bills.
  • Vakrangee (VL) has received in-principle authorisation to set up and operate BBPOU under the Payment and Settlement Systems Act, 2007 from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI.
  • The company offers banking, insurance, money transfer services, e-commerce, e-governance and other digital services on behalf of its partner banks, insurers, government agencies, e-commerce players among others through its branches mostly located in rural and semi-urban areas.
  • With 70 per cent of its Nextgen outlets in tier-5 and 6 towns, Vakrangee will have direct access to operate as a unit under BBPOU and provide the bill payment service to its customers in the most remote and hitherto unserved/ underserved parts of the country.

Facebook Ties Up with Matrix Partners India to Scale Early-stage SMBs

  • Facebook tied up with early-stage venture capital fund Matrix Partners to scale small businesses in India by providing them with digital skills.
  • The tie-up is a part of Facebook's VC Brand Incubator Program that collaborates with venture capital funds to help early-stage small and medium businesses (SMBs) to maximise their digital potential.
  • With the tie-up with Matrix Partners India, the programme also completes one year during which it has collaborated with six VC Funds - Sauce.VC, Fireside Ventures, SAIF Partners, Sequoia Capital, DSG Ventures, and Matrix Partners India - and skilled, trained, and mentored more than 150 brands at various stages of their growth journey.
  • The 'Boost with Facebook' program went virtual in May reaching out to 4X more people than in an in-person event. The 'FB Advertiser Vintage' program that focussed on skilling young businesses, pivoted to webinars offering custom solutioning, customer acquisition, and test and learn assistance. This program will skill more than 3,000 businesses this year.
  • Facebook India Director (SMBs) Archana Vohra said that the company is committed to supporting the growth of small businesses in India.

Hundreds of Chinese Investment Proposals in Limbo

  • Over a hundred of investment applications, primarily from Chinese origin investors looking to pump capital into the Indian startup ecosystem, are stuck in regulatory quagmire. These proposals, ranging from early to growthstage investments, are on hold or are being moved between various departments and ministries as the government continues to maintain strict curbs on capital inflow from Beijing and Hong Kong.
  • Lawyers representing investors and startups, as well as government officials said that they did not expect clearances anytime soon, till the geopolitical situation between the two countries improved.
  • In April, India brought into effect a regulation requiring investments emanating from countries with which the country shares a land border, to be cleared directly by the government rather than the earlier automatic approval route. The people cited above said that there has been a steep increase in the number of follow-up questions and demand for additional information by the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT).
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

India's First RRTS Train with Design Speed of 180 kmph Unveiled

  • The Centre unveiled the first look of the Regional Rapid Transit System (RRTS) train that can attain a top speed of 180 kilometres per hour on the Delhi-Ghaziabad-Meerut corridor. The design is inspired by Delhi's iconic Lotus Temple and is aligned with PM Narendra Modi's 'Make in India' policy.
  • The entire rolling stock of RRTS will be manufactured at Bombardier's Savli plant in Gujarat and it is sustainable and energy-efficient green train. With radiating stainless steel outer body, these aerodynamic RRTS trains will be lightweight and fully air-conditioned.
View Month Wise

NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Akhilesh Yadav Welcomes SAD's Decision to Quit NDA

  • Samajwadi Party (SP) chief Akhilesh Yadav welcomed Shiromani Akali Dal's (SAD) decision to quit the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance (NDA) against the recently promulgated farm bills.
  • Apart from the opposition, people and BJP's alliance partners, even the workers of the ruling party are objecting to Centre's policies. This is because they are directly facing the ire of the people.
  • President Ram Nath Kovind gave his assent to three farm bills passed by the Parliament in the recently-concluded monsoon session.
  • With this, all three bills have now become acts- The Farmers Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion and Facilitation) Act, 2020, The Farmers (Empowerment and Protection) Agreement on Price Assurance and Farm Service Act, 2020 and The Essential Commodities (Amendment) Act, 2020.
  • The three bills were passed by Parliament amid vehement protest by the Opposition parties.

New Defence Acquisition Procedure to Reduce Time Delays, Enhance Ease of Doing Business

  • Defence Minister Rajnath Singh unveiled a new Defence Acquisition Procedure (DAP) that features steps to turn India into a global manufacturing hub of military platforms, reduce timelines for procurement of defence equipment and allow the purchase of essential items by the three services through capital budget under a simplified mechanism.
  • Under the new policy, the offset guidelines have also been revised to give preference to defence majors offering to manufacture products in India instead of meeting the offset obligations through other means, officials said. The DAP also incorporates new chapters on information and communication technologies, post-contract management, acquisition of systems developed by the state-run defence entities like the DRDO and Defence Public Sector Undertakings (DPSUs).
  • In what is seen as a significant move, the DAP featured measures to reduce delay in procurement of essential items by the three services as it proposed a new enabling provision to acquire them through capital budget under a simplified procedure in a time-bound manner.

Gupteshwar Pandey Joins Nitish Kumar's JD(U)

  • Putting rest to days of speculations, former Bihar Director-General of Police (DGP) Gupteshwar Pandey has joined the ranks of Nitish Kumar-led JD(U).
  • As per reports, Nitish Kumar called him and asked to join the party.
  • The development comes just days after the Election Commission of India announced the dates for the upcoming Bihar assembly polls 2020.
  • Putting rest to days of speculations, former Bihar Director-General of Police (DGP) Gupteshwar Pandey has joined the ranks of Nitish Kumar-led JD(U).
  • As per reports, Nitish Kumar called him and asked to join the party.
  • The development comes just days after the Election Commission of India announced the dates for the upcoming Bihar assembly polls 2020.
View Month Wise

DEFENCE

Israeli Defence Forces Successfully Test Sea-to-sea Missile System

  • The Israeli Defence Forces (IDF) conducted a successful test of a new sea-to-sea missile system.
  • According to the IDF, the system was designed to ensure Israel's continued naval superiority.
  • The announcement comes a month after its rival Iran revealed its Abu-Mahdi long-range cruise missiles for its navy.
  • In recent years, the Israeli defence establishment has invested heavily in fortifying its naval abilities.
  • As per reports, the new Israeli missile system has precision capabilities with a longer range and expanded offensive options.
View Month Wise

PERSONS IN NEWS

Alapan Bandyopadhyay New West Bengal's Chief Secretary

  • West Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee appointed Alapan Bandyopadhyay as the new chief secretary of the state, replacing Rajiva Sinha who has been shifted to West Bengal Industrial Development Corporation.
  • Apart from this, Banerjee also announced a couple of other changes at the bureaucratic level in the state. The changes include the appointment of HK Dwivedi as new Home Secretary and Manoj Pant was given charge of Finance.
View Month Wise

DAYS AND EVENTS

International Day for Universal Access to Information

  •  The 74th United Nations General Assembly proclaimed on 15th October 2019 that 28th September 2020 would observe the International Day for Universal Access to Information. The 2020 edition of the day focuses on the right to information in the times of crisis. It is celebrated to showcase the advantages of statutory and constitutional policies in order to provide public access to information.
  • • The day is commonly called as the Access to Information Day.
  • • It was designated by the UNESCO General Conference, initially.
  • • The day was inaugurated in November 2015.
  • • This day was first observed on 28 September 2016.
  • • Since 2002, the day had been recognized as International Right to Know Day.

Israelis Mark Yom Kippur

  • The solemn Jewish holiday of Yom Kippur, which annually sees Israeli life grind to a halt, began on Sunday in a nation already under a sweeping coronavirus lockdown.
  • Every year, businesses shut down, roads empty out and even radio and TV stations go silent as the faithful fast for 25 hours and hold intensive prayers of atonement on the holiest day in the Jewish calendar. The more secular-minded can be seen riding bikes or even picnicking on deserted highways. The holiday began at sundown on Sunday.
  • But this year all non-essential businesses have already been forced to close, and Israelis have been ordered to stay within 1,000 metres (yards) of their homes throughout the High Holidays, which began last week with the Jewish New Year and continue to mid-October.
View Month Wise

AWARDS AND HONOURS

Gurpreet Sandhu and Sanju Yadav Win AIFF's Best Footballer of the Year Award

  • Indian national team goalkeeper Gurpreet Singh Sandhu won the 2019-20 AIFF Men's Footballer of the Year Award, while Sanju Yadav got the AIFF Women's Footballer of the Year Award.
  • Sandhu hails from Chandigarh while Sanju Yadav is a native of Alakhpura, Haryana.
  • This is the first time Sandhu has received the prestigious award. He also became the second goalkeeper after Subrata Paul in 2009 to be named the AIFF Player of the Year.
  • The Blue Tigers custodian was elected as the winner on the basis of votes from Indian Super League and I-League club coaches.
  • Sanju plays as a forward for the Indian team and Gokulam Kerala in the Indian Women's league.

HAL Designer Bags Prestigious IETE Award

  • HAL's Deputy General Manager (Design) Ajay Khare has been bestowed with the prestigious The Institution of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineers (IETE) award for the year 2020 for his outstanding work in Full Life Cycle Development of Indigenous Mission and Safety Critical Avionics Systems starting from conceptualization and design to certification and production.
  • Khare received the award at the digital event on the occasion of the 63rd IETE Convention.
  • The award consists of a citation, a medal and a plaque.
  • The annual award instituted by Dr. R. K. Tyagi, former Chairman of HAL in memory of his late father Devi Singh Tyagi in 2016 is given to an eligible technocrat or a scientist or an engineer or an academician for outstanding contribution in the field of avionics and defence electronics that results in strategic and commercial advantage towards meeting
  • the national objective of `Make in India'.
  • Khare's remarkable contribution has resulted in establishing two successful avionics product lines (Mission Computers & Solid State Flight Data Recorders) in HAL. The variants of indigenously designed and developed Mission Computers and Solid State Flight Data Recorders have been deployed in different aircraft platforms.
  • Khare works at Mission and Combat System (MCSRDC), HAL's R & D Centre in Bengaluru.
  • The awardee list includes P. Balasubramanian (2019, Scientist F, DRDO), Amit Tiwari (2018, BEL), Dr. Jayakumar M (2017, Scientist G, ISRO) and Ms. T. S. Padma Priya (2016, HAL).
View Month Wise

GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

IIM Calcutta 2nd in Asia in Financial Times Rankings

  • Indian Institute of Management Calcutta on Monday secured the second spot in Asia in the 'Financial Times Masters in Management Rankings 2020' for its flagship two-year MBA programme.
  • The institute ranked 21st globally in the FT rankings.
  • IIM Calcutta Director Anju Seth said that the FT Rankings demonstrate again that the institute's MBA programme is a powerful launching pad for its graduates to contribute to business and society in leadership positions.
  • Categories considered in the rankings include alumni career progress, school diversity, and international experience and research.
  • IIM Calcutta excelled in several individual criteria within these categories, including salary percentage increase and career progress of alumni since graduation.
View Month Wise

ART AND CULTURE

Fossilised Leaves from Jurassic Period Found in Jharkhand

  • Geologists have found fossilised leaves, estimated to be around 150-200 million years old, in Jharkhand's Sahibganj district.
  • A couple of 20 cm by 5 cm fossilised leaves of genus Ptilophyllum have been found in Dudhkol mountain in Taljhari area and further excavation is underway.
  • The excavation is being conducted in association with National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow under a project of the Department of Science and Technology of the Union government.
  • Such leaves were consumed by herbivorous dinosaurs. Smaller fossils from Upper Jurassic to Cretaceous period were earlier found in the region.
  • Several fossils were earlier found in Maharajpur, Tarpahad, Garmi Pahad and Barharwa areas in Sahibganj and Sonajhari in neighbouring Pakur district.
View Month Wise

BOOKS AND AUTHORS

Memoir of India's First Woman Radio Newsreader

  • The life and times of India's first woman radio newsreader Saeeda Bano will unravel in a new book, originally written as a memoir in Urdu.
  • The book, "Off the Beaten Track", has been translated into English by Bano's granddaughter Shahana Raza from her 1994 memoir "Dagar Se Hat Kar".
  • The memoir takes the reader through events of great personal impact in her life such as walking out of a suffocating marriage, witnessing the violence of the Partition, moving to Delhi from Lucknow as a single mother, eating toast with prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru, and falling in love with a married man -- Nuruddin Ahmed, who would, in the course of their twenty-five-year relationship, become the Mayor of Delhi.
  • Unflinching and riveting, 'Off the Beaten Track' offers a personal account of the Partition and the burgeoning capital city of a newly-independent India.
  • The book, co-published by Zubaan Publishers, will hit the stands on October 12.
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