General Awareness

LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS - June 2022

Jun 2022

Nov 15, 2024

SC's Landmark Guidelines to Curb Illegal Property Demolitions

The Court laid down guidelines to curb demolitions of properties based solely on accusations of a crime.

The Supreme Court of India issued guidelines to prevent the demolition of people's homes and private properties by the government solely based on accusations of a crime. The court emphasised that such demolitions violate the rights of the accused, including the presumption of innocence, and unfairly affect other tenants, while also infringing on the right to shelter under Article 21 of the Constitution. The key points are:
It emphasised the violation of the presumption of innocence and right to shelter under Article 21 of the Constitution.
A mandatory 15-day notice must be provided to tenants before eviction, indicating reasons and the date of hearing.
Failure to follow the guidelines could lead to contempt proceedings and officials responsible for the demolition could be made to pay for the restitution.
The guidelines were part of a response to demolitions in Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh after Muslim tenants were accused of crimes.

Nov 14, 2024

Justice Surya Kant New Chairman of Supreme Court Legal Services Committee

Justice Surya Kant, second senior most puisne judge of the Supreme Court, was appointed as Chairman of the Supreme Court Legal Services Committee (SCLSC). This nomination was made by the Chief Justice of India.
Justice Surya Kant took over the role from Justice B.R. Gavai, who previously held the position before being appointed as the Executive Chairman of the National Legal Services Authority (NALSA). The Chief Justice of India serves as the patron-in-chief of the SCLSC.
The SCLSC was established to provide legal aid to marginalized and weaker sections of society, ensuring equal access to justice in line with Article 39-A of the Constitution. The Committee is part of a broader effort to make the Supreme Court accessible to citizens who may face financial or social barriers. Given the substantial costs associated with approaching the Supreme Court, the SCLSC aims to remove obstacles for those unable to afford legal expenses, providing assistance to eligible individuals as defined under Section 12 of the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987.

Nov 12, 2024

Justice B. R. Gavai Nominated as Executive Chairman of NALSA

President of India Droupadi Murmu nominated Justice Bhushan Ramkrishna Gavai of the Supreme Court as the new Executive Chairman of the National Legal Services Authority (NALSA).
The position was previously held by Justice Sanjiv Khanna, who took over as the 51st Chief Justice of India (CJI).
The CJI is the NALSA's Patron-in-Chief, according to the Legal Services Authority Act of 1987.
The President of India, in collaboration with the Chief Justice of India, appoints an active or retired Supreme Court judge as Executive Chairman.
As per convention, the post of Executive Chairman of NALSA is occupied by the second senior-most judge of the Supreme Court.

Nov 11, 2024

Justice Sanjiv Khanna Takes Oath Today As 51st Chief Justice Of India

Justice Sanjiv Khanna took oath as the 51st Chief Justice of India at the Rashtrapati Bhavan. He succeeded Chief Justice D. Y. Chandrachud, who retired on November 10.
President Droupadi Murmu administered the oath of office to Justice Sanjiv Khanna.
Justice Khanna will serve a six-month tenure as the Chief Justice of India and is expected to retire on May 13, 2025.
He started his legal career in 1983 as an advocate with the Delhi Bar Council. He was elevated to the Delhi High Court in 2005 and to the Supreme Court in 2019.

Nov 10, 2024

National Judicial Museum and Archive Inaugurated at Supreme Court

Chief Justice of India D. Y. Chandrachud inaugurated the National Judicial Museum and Archive (NJMA) at the Supreme Court, offering visitors an immersive journey into the history of India's judicial institutions.
Set up in the space formerly occupied by the Old Judges Library, this three-floor museum captures the evolution of the nation's legal journey and showcases the history and milestones of Indian judicial institutions.
The first floor presents a digital and pictorial exploration of India's judicial system from the ancient, medieval, and British eras.
The second floor is dedicated to individuals who have shaped the Indian justice system, showcasing Supreme Court justices from its founding in 1950, women Supreme Court judges, notable legal pioneers, and Presidents who administered the oath to Chief Justices of India.
While still under development, the third floor includes displays that guide citizens on accessing the Supreme Court for grievance redressal, illustrate the use of technology in the Court, and provide insights into high courts across India.

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