General Awareness

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY - January 2019

Jan 2019

Aug 05, 2021

Uttarakhand Unveils India's First Earthquake Mobile App

Uttarakhand Chief Minister, Pushkar Singh Dhami has launched the first-of-its-kind earthquake early warning mobile application, named 'Uttarakhand Bhookamp Alert'. The app has been developed by IIT Roorkee, in association with Uttarakhand State Disaster Management Authority (USDMA). Initially, this app was launched as a pilot project only by the Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, for the Garhwal region of Uttarakhand, the project proposal was further extended by the Uttarakhand Government.
The Uttarakhand Bhookamp Alert is India's first earthquake early warning' app for notifying people about earthquake alerts. Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) mobile app can detect the onset of the earthquake and issue warnings regarding an earthquake occurrence in the neighbourhood and the expected time of arrival and intensity at the location to prevent any loss of life.

Indian Scientist Develops Human Model to Study Brain Disorders

An Indian scientist has developed human-based models to study neuron development and neuro-developmental disorders such as autism, which can help design treatment strategies for such brain disorders.
Yogita K. Adlakha, a recipient of INSPIRE Faculty fellowship instituted by the Department of Science and Technology (DST), has achieved this feat.
INSPIRE, that stands for Innovation in Science Pursuit for Inspired Research Programme, is a scheme by the DST for attracting talent towards science.

India to Launch Bhutanese Satellite in December 2021

Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) is set to launch a Bhutanese satellite in December 2021. The satellite is being built by four Bhutanese engineers who are being trained by ISRO, with the first phase already over.
India and Bhutan have engagement in space cooperation with a ground Earth station for South Asia Satellite that was inaugurated in Thimphu during Prime Minister Narendra Modi's August 2019 Bhutan visit.

Aug 04, 2021

Solar Orbiter and BepiColombo Set to Make Space History

Solar Orbiter and BepiColombo are set to make space history with two Venus flybys just 33 hours apart on August 9 and 10, 2021.
The two spacecraft need the gravitational swingby to help them lose a little orbital energy in order to reach their destinations towards the center of the Solar System. The double flyby also offers an unprecedented opportunity to study the Venus environment from different locations at same time and, moreover, in locations that are not typically visited by a dedicated planetary orbiter.
Solar Orbiter, a partnership between ESA and NASA, will fly by Venus on August 9 with a closest approach of 7995 km.
BepiColombo, a partnership between ESA and JAXA, will fly by Venus on August 10 at an altitude of just 550 km.

Aug 03, 2021

NASA's X-ray Solar Imager to Probe Sun's Corona

Scientists at NASA have successfully launched a sophisticated X-ray solar imager on a suborbital flight via sounding rocket to gather new insight regarding how and why the suns corona grows so much hotter than the actual surface of Earth's parent star.
Developers at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama, call the mission "MaGIXS" -- Marshall Grazing Incidence X-ray Spectrometer. It was launched from White Sands Missile Range in New Mexico.
The MaGIXS mission dispatched its payload, which included a high-powered camera, telescope, and X-ray spectrometer containing a matched pair of grazing incidence parabolic mirrors, to study so called "soft" X-rays at a wavelength that has not been previously observed in such detail.

CERN Discover New Tetraquark Particle

The new exotic particle discovered by physicists from the LHCb Collaboration at CERN's Large Hadron Collider (LHC) contains two quarks and two antiquarks. Labeled Tcc+, it is the longest-lived exotic particle ever discovered and the first to contain two heavy quarks and two light antiquarks.
Quarks are the fundamental building blocks from which matter is constructed.
They combine to form hadrons, namely baryons, such as the proton and the neutron, which consist of three quarks, and mesons, which are formed as quark-antiquark pairs.
Several tetraquark particles have been discovered in recent years, but Tcc+ is the first one that contains two charm quarks, without charm antiquarks to balance them. Physicists call this 'open charm' (in this case, 'double open charm').
Particles containing a charm quark and a charm antiquark have 'hidden charm' — the charm quantum number for the whole particle adds up to zero, just like a positive and a negative electrical charge would do. Here the charm quantum number adds up to two, so it has twice the charm.
Tcc+ is also the first particle to be found that belongs to a class of tetraquarks with two heavy quarks and two light antiquarks.

Astronomers Measure Rotation Speeds of Planets in HR 8799 System

Using the Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer (KPIC) on the Keck II telescope at the W.M. Keck Observatory, astronomers have obtained and analyzed the high-resolution spectra of the four giant planets orbiting HR 8799.
HR 8799 is a 30-million-year-old star located approximately 129 light-years away in the constellation Pegasus
It hosts a massive debris disk and four super-Jupiters: HR 8799b, c, d, and e.
Unlike most exoplanet discoveries, which are inferred from analysis of data, these planets are directly visible through ground-based telescopes.
HR 8799 is a notable planetary system, as it is the only known system with four directly imaged exoplanets.

Aug 02, 2021

Revolutionary Reprogrammable "Chameleon" Satellite Launched

A sophisticated telecommunications satellite (Chameleon) that can be completely repurposed while in space was launched.
Developed under an ESA Partnership Project with satellite operator Eutelsat and prime manufacturer Airbus, Eutelsat Quantum has pioneered a new generation of satellites with the European space industry.
The flexible software-defined satellite – which will be used by governments and in mobility and data markets – was launched in 2021, from Europe's Spaceport in French Guiana.
As the satellite can be reprogrammed in orbit, it can respond to changing demands during its lifetime.
The satellite will remain in geostationary orbit for its 15-year lifespan, after which it will be safely placed in a graveyard orbit away from Earth to avoid becoming a risk to other satellites.

Aug 01, 2021

Kaspersky Partners Bharti Airtel for Selling Cybersecurity Software

Cybersecurity firm Kaspersky has partnered with Bharti Airtel to reach out to its over 34 crore customers for selling its security softwares at lower prices.
The collaboration between the two companies will allow Airtel customers to purchase Kaspersky Total Security solutions directly from the Airtel Thanks app exclusive deals on them.
According to Kaspersky, mobile threats in India have drastically increased since 2019 and are becoming more targeted and sophisticated in nature. India ranked seventh among the countries attacked with mobile threats in 2020.

ISS Out of Control by Misfire of Russian Module

The International Space Station (ISS) was thrown briefly out of control when jet thrusters of a newly arrived Russian research module inadvertently fired a few hours after it was docked to the orbiting outpost.
This mishap began about three hours after the multipurpose Nauka module had latched onto the space station, as mission controllers in Moscow were performing some post-docking reconfiguration procedures, according to NASA.
The module`s jets inexplicably restarted, causing the entire station to pitch out of its normal flight position some 250 miles above the Earth, leading the mission`s flight director to declare a "spacecraft emergency.

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