General Awareness

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY - January 2019

Jan 2019

Oct 22, 2022

Chandrayaan-3 Launch in June: ISRO Chairman

ISRO plans to launch Chandrayaan-3, its third mission to the moon, in June next year with a more robust lunar rover onboard which is crucial for future inter-planetary explorations. The space agency has also lined up the first test flight of the 'abort mission' for Gaganyaan, the country's first human spaceflight, early next year.
"Chandrayaan-3 (C-3) launch will be in June next year onboard the Launch Vehicle Mark-3 (LVM3)," said Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) chairman S. Somnath. He said that ISRO plans to fly Indian astronauts into orbit by the end of 2024 after carrying out successful abort missions and uncrewed test flights.
India's maiden attempt to land a rover on the moon ended in failure after the Vikram lander onboard the Chandrayaan-2 mission crashed on the surface of the moon in September 2019.

Oct 21, 2022

PM Launches India's 'Mission DefSpace'

With an aim to harness India's power in space to not just benefit the people of the country, but to the entire globe, Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched 'DefSpace Mission' with 75 Challenges at DefExpo2022 in Gandhinagar, Gujarat.
The space programme aims to develop innovative solutions for the Defence Forces through industry & start-ups. Importantly, the initiative will prepare India for future possibilities in space domain and will also increase the country's preparation further.
Highlighting that space technology is shaping new definitions of India's generous space diplomacy, and giving rise to new possibilities, the Prime Minister said that there are more than 60 developing countries with whom India is sharing its space science. Many African countries and many other small countries are benefiting from this.

Oct 20, 2022

NSDC and Drone Destination Join Hands to Start Ten Drone Hubs in India

The National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) and Drone Destination announced their collaboration to expand flying schools across the country.
The initiative is aimed at fulfilling the vision of making India the drone hub for the world and NSDC's focus is to promote skill development in the sector as it has huge potential to propel India's economic growth if supported by a strong collaborative approach.
Further, under the partnership, NSDC will also provide loans through its associated NBFCs for the aspiring pilots to undergo training with Drone Destination and receive high-quality skills, augmenting the Aatmanirbhar Bharat initiative.
Based on the announcements made during the Union Budget 2022, several initiatives have been put forth by the Indian government to make India a global drone hub.

Scientists Compile Cassini's Solar Occultation Observations of Saturn Rings

Scientists compiled 41 solar occultation observations of Saturn's rings from the Cassini mission. The compilation will inform future investigations of the particle size distribution and composition of Saturn's rings, key elements to understanding their formation and evolution.
For nearly two decades, NASA's Cassini spacecraft shared the wonders of Saturn and its family of icy moons and signature rings, but we still don't definitively know the origins of the ring system.
"Evidence indicates that the rings are relatively young and could have formed from the destruction of an icy satellite or a comet. However, to support any one origin theory, we need to have a good idea of the size of particles making up the rings, "said Dr. Stephanie Jarmak, a researcher in the SwRI Space Science Division.

Oct 17, 2022

NASA's SpaceX Crew-4 Safely Returns to Earth

NASA's SpaceX Crew-4 astronauts aboard the Dragon spacecraft safely splashed down off the coast of Jacksonville, Florida, completing the agency's fourth commercial crew mission to the International Space Station. The international crew of four spent 170 days in orbit.
NASA astronauts Bob Hines, Kjell Lindgren, and Jessica Watkins and ESA (European Space Agency) astronaut Samantha Cristoforetti returned to Earth in a parachute-assisted splashdown. Teams aboard SpaceX recovery vessels retrieved the spacecraft and astronauts. After returning to shore, all astronauts flew to NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston.
Hines, Lindgren, Watkins, and Cristoforetti travelled 72,168,935 miles during their mission, spent 170 days aboard the space station, and completed 2,720 orbits around Earth. Lindgren logged 311 days in space over his two flights, and with the completion of their flight, Cristoforetti logged 369 days in space on her two flights, making her second on the all-time list for most days in space by a woman. The Crew-4 mission was the first spaceflight for Hines and Watkins.

NASA's Lucy Spacecraft Swings by Earth to Reach Jupiter Asteroids

A NASA spacecraft named Lucy, the first mission to the Jupiter Trojan asteroids, skimmed the earth's atmosphere, passing a mere 350 km above the surface to gain some of the orbital energy it needs to travel to this never-before-visited population of asteroids.
The Trojan asteroids are trapped in orbits around the Sun at the same distance as Jupiter, either far ahead of or behind the giant planet.
As per NASA, Lucy is currently one year into a 12-year voyage and this gravity assist will place it on a new trajectory for a two-year orbit, at which time it will return to Earth for a second gravity assist.
This second assist will give Lucy the energy it needs to cross the main asteroid belt, where it will observe asteroid 'Donaldjohanson', and then travel into the leading Trojan asteroid swarm.
There, Lucy will fly past six Trojan asteroids: Eurybates and its satellite Queta, Polymele and its yet unnamed satellite, Leucus, and Orus.
Lucy will then return to Earth for a third gravity assist in 2030 to re-target the spacecraft for a rendezvous with the Patroclus-Menoetius binary asteroid pair in the trailing Trojan asteroid swarm, according to the space agency.

Bharti Airtel Introduces 'Always On' IoT Connectivity Solution with eSIM

Bharti Airtel launched the 'Always On' IoT (Internet of Things) connectivity solution in the domestic market.
The 'Always On' solution contains dual profile M2M (machine to machine) eSim, which allows an IoT device to stay connected to a mobile network from different Mobile Network Operators in the eSIM.
An 'eSIM' is a SIM card that is embedded in a mobile device and can connect you to any operator that offers eSIM services.

Oct 16, 2022

CERT-In and Power-CSIRTs Jointly Conduct Cyber Security Exercise "PowerEX-2022"

Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In) in collaboration with Power-CSIRTs (Computer Security Incident Response Teams in Power sector), successfully designed & conducted the Cyber Security Exercise "PowerEX" for 193 invited Power Sector Utilities. The Exercise Planner Team of Power-CSIRTs' officials worked along with CERT-In team on the exercise day as Exercise Coordinators. The Objective of the exercise was to "Recognize, Analyse & Respond to Cyber Incident in IT & OT Systems".
The theme of the exercise was "Defending Cyber induced disruption in IT & OT infrastructure". Exercise "PowerEX" was hosted by CERT-In on its exercise simulation platform. Around 350+ official from various Power Sector Utilities participated in the event. Exercise "PowerEX" was successful in meeting its objectives and helped the participants to learn, practice and respond to cyber security incidents.

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