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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

16 Nov 2024

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Australia Appoints First Anti-Slavery Commissioner to Combat Modern Slavery

  • Australia appointed its first Anti-Slavery Commissioner, Chris Evans, who will serve a five-year term starting in December 2024. The position is designed to strengthen efforts across the government, business, and society to combat modern slavery, which includes human trafficking, forced labour, and deceptive recruiting. The move is in line with the Albanese Government's commitment to address modern slavery, with a focus on victim support, raising awareness, and improving business accountability in supply chains.
  • The Anti-Slavery Commissioner's appointment is a crucial step in addressing the growing issue of modern slavery in Australia. The government remains committed to tackling modern slavery and supporting victims and survivors.

Landslide Victory for Sri Lankan President's Party

  • Sri Lanka's National People's Power of President Anura Kumara Dissanayake swept the parliamentary elections by winning a two-thirds majority, and also dominating the Jaffna electoral district - the heartland of the nation's Tamil minority.
  • The NPP, which contested under the Malimawa (compass) symbol, secured 159 out of the 225 seats in parliament, the first time any party has won a two-thirds majority under the country's proportional representation system introduced in 1978. The victory cemented a transformation of the island-nation's political landscape which for decades was dominated by established political parties of family dynasties.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Amul to Enter Europe by End of This Month

  • India's biggest diary brand Amul is planning to launch its products in Europe by the end of this month (November), Managing Director of the company and Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation Jayen Mehta said.
  • The company's European foray will be through a tie-up with a milk cooperative in Spain. Milk will be procured from the Spanish Cooperative and processed by it for sale in the whole of Europe. While the production will be done by the cooperative in Spain, marketing and branding will be Amul.

China Unveils Megaport in Peru

  • In a move to enhance its global influence and economic ties with Latin America, China unveiled a state-of-the-art mega port in the southern region of Peru. This ambitious project, called the "Chancay Port," is expected to transform the region's infrastructure, facilitating increased trade between China and Latin America. Despite the economic opportunities it promises, local communities have expressed concerns over its environmental impact and the limited benefits for them. This development is part of China's broader Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), aimed at strengthening global trade routes.
  • The Chancay Port project, located about 60 kilometers north of Lima, is one of the largest infrastructure investments in Peru's history. With an estimated cost of $1.3 billion, this port is designed to handle up to 1 million containers annually, positioning it as a critical hub for international trade.
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SPORTS

Anshul Kamboj Scripts History, Picks 10 Wickets in an Innings

  • Haryana medium pacer Anshul Kamboj became only the third cricketer after Bengal's Premangsu Chatterjee (1956-57) and Rajasthan's Pradeep Sundaram (1985-86) to take all ten wickets in an innings in the Ranji Trophy.
  • Kamboj's performance also makes him just the sixth Indian bowler to secure a 10-wicket haul in First-Class cricket, joining the elite ranks of Anil Kumble, Subhash Gupte, and Debasis Mohanty, among others.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Eighth South and South-West Asia Subregional Forum on SDGs

  • The Eighth South and South-West Asia Forum on Sustainable Development took place in New Delhi, co-hosted by the NITI Aayog of the Government of India and ESCAP, in collaboration with the UN Resident Coordinator and the Research and Information System for Developing Countries. The Subregional Forum is organised annually as the subregional preparatory meetings for the Asia Pacific Forum on Sustainable Development (APFSD) at the regional level and the ECOSOC High-Level Political Forum (HLPF) at the global level. ESCAP, led by its Subregional Office for South and South-West Asia, has organised the South and South-West Asia Subregional Forum with rotating co-host governments and UN Resident Coordinators since 2017. The Forum facilitates dialogue between government officials, civil society, think-tanks, private sector, experts and development partners on the designated themes and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the annual APFSD and HLPF. It offers a unique opportunity among multiple stakeholders to exchange information and reflections on SDG implementation efforts in countries and to draw common priorities and issues across the South and South-West Asia subregion. The outcomes and recommendations from the Forum feed into regional and global processes, including the abovementioned APFSD and HLPF in the following year.

Jitendra Singh Inaugurates the International 52nd Annual Conference of RSSDI

  • Union Minister Jitendra Singh, a nationally acclaimed Professor and Diabetologist, inaugurated the International 52nd Annual Conference of the Research Society for the Study of Diabetes in India (RSSDI), advocating proactive Diabetes prevention before the symptoms appear and in pre-diabetic stage.
  • The Minister emphasised the importance of pre-emptive strategies in preventing diabetes before symptoms develop, particularly among young people and pregnant women. His address highlighted the urgency of tackling India's rising diabetes burden and the essential role of early intervention in reducing its impact on public health.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

Japanese Princess Yuriko, Oldest Member of Imperial Family, Dies

  • Japanese Princess Yuriko, the wife of wartime Emperor Hirohito's brother and the oldest member of the imperial family, died. She was 101.
  • Her death reduces Japan's rapidly dwindling imperial family to 16 people, including four men, as the country faces the dilemma of how to maintain the royal family while conservatives in the governing party insist on retaining male-only succession.
  • The youngest male member of the imperial family, Prince Hisahito, the nephew of Emperor Naruhito, is currently the last heir apparent, posing a major problem for a system that doesn't allow empresses. The government is debating how to keep succession stable without relying on women.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

National Press Day

  • National Press Day is observed every year on November 16 to commemorate the establishment of the Press Council of India (PCI) in 1966. This day serves as a reminder of the indispensable role of a free press in a vibrant democracy like India and highlights the importance of ethical journalism.
  • The theme for National Press Day 2024 is "Changing Nature of the Press", reflecting the evolving dynamics of the media landscape.

International Day for Tolerance

  • Every year, International Day for Tolerance is celebrated on November 16.
  • In 1993, at the initiative of UNESCO, the United Nations proclaimed 1995 as "The Year for Tolerance". UNESCO's 1995 Declaration of Principles on Tolerance was that tolerance is respect, acceptance, and appreciation of the rich diversity of our world's cultures, our forms of expression, and our ways of being human. The United Nations General Assembly decided to celebrate International Day for Tolerance every year. One year later in 1996, the UN General Assembly decided to celebrate November 16 as International Day for Tolerance and it would be celebrated every year.
  • The theme for International Day for Tolerance 2024 is 'Promoting Respect and Understanding Worldwide.'
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

IIT Madras, IIT Palakkad Launch Collaborative Educational Initiative

  • In a move to enhance educational opportunities, the Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras) and the Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad (IIT Palakkad) partnered to provide students with access to shared academic resources, research internships, and summer immersion programs.
  • The initiative is designed to leverage the strengths of both institutes, enriching the learning experiences of students in IIT Madras's Bachelor of Science (BS) program in Data Science and Applications and IIT Palakkad's undergraduate courses.
  • Through this collaboration, IITM BS (Data Science and Applications) students who meet the eligibility criteria can fulfil their credit requirements by taking courses at IIT Palakkad. Additionally, the MoU also allows undergraduate students at IIT Palakkad to enroll in courses on Data Science and Programming from the IITM BS programme. The collaboration will also facilitate student exchange programmes, internship opportunities, and other joint initiatives.

Centre Launches PAIR Programme to Enhance Research in Higher Education

  • The Centre launched the Partnerships for Accelerated Innovation and Research (PAIR) programme, designed to elevate research capabilities in higher education institutions (HEIs) across India with limited research capabilities by fostering collaborations with top-tier institutions.
  • This follows the operationalisation of the programme discussed at the inaugural governing board meeting of the Anusandhan National Research Foundation (ANRF), chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in September this year (2024).
  • The programme will operate through a mentorship-driven hub-and-spoke framework to facilitate systematic research growth across institutions.
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ART AND CULTURE

PM Modi Inaugurates First Bodoland Mahotsov in Delhi

  • Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the first-ever Bodoland Mohotsov at the SAI Indira Gandhi Sports Complex in New Delhi. The two-day festival, celebrated the rich culture and heritage of the Bodoland region. The Prime Minister also addressed the gathering during the inauguration.
  • Organised by the All-Bodo Students' Union (ABSU), Bodo Sahitya Sabha (BSS), Dularai Bodo Harimu Afad, and Gandhi Hindustani Sahitya Sabha (GHSS), the event featured traditional Bodo dance performances like "Bagurumba" and "Rwnswndri." The PM Modi also paid tribute to Bodofa Upendra Nath Brahma, a key figure in the Bodo movement, and launch the Bodoland Jaiklong souvenir.
  • The festival's theme, "Peace and Harmony for a Prosperous Bharat," highlighted the cultural richness of Bodoland and its role in India's national heritage.
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LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

SC's Landmark Guidelines to Curb Illegal Property Demolitions

  • The Supreme Court of India issued guidelines to prevent the demolition of people's homes and private properties by the government solely based on accusations of a crime. The court emphasised that such demolitions violate the rights of the accused, including the presumption of innocence, and unfairly affect other tenants, while also infringing on the right to shelter under Article 21 of the Constitution.
  • Key Points
  • The Court laid down guidelines to curb demolitions of properties based solely on accusations of a crime.
  • It emphasised the violation of the presumption of innocence and right to shelter under Article 21 of the Constitution.
  • A mandatory 15-day notice must be provided to tenants before eviction, indicating reasons and the date of hearing.
  • Failure to follow the guidelines could lead to contempt proceedings and officials responsible for the demolition could be made to pay for the restitution.
  • The guidelines were part of a response to demolitions in Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh after Muslim tenants were accused of crimes.
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