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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

01 Aug 2023

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Indian-American Nisha Biswal Becomes Deputy Chief Executive Officer of US Finance Agency

  • Indian-American policy expert Nisha Biswal was confirmed by the Senate to serve as the Deputy Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of a US finance agency. Ms. Biswal will serve as the Deputy CEO of the United States International Development Finance Corporation. US President Joe Biden announced had nominated Nisha Desai Biswal in March 2023 for the position of Deputy Chief Executive Officer of the United States International Development Finance Corporation. She has a high-profile career of over 30 years of experience in US foreign policy and international development programmes within the White House; US Congress and the private sector. Ms. Biswal currently holds the position of Senior Vice President for International Strategy and Global Initiatives at the US Chamber of Commerce, overseeing the US-India Business Council and US-Bangladesh Business Council.

UNESCO Recommends Adding Venice to Endangered List

  •  As per the UN's cultural agency, Venice should be added to a list of world heritage sites in danger.The iconic Italian city is at risk of irreversible damage from overwhelming tourism, overdevelopment and rising sea levels due to climate change, according to a report from UNESCO.
  • The agency aims to encourage the better preservation of the site for future.
  • Venice is known as 'La Serenissima', which translates to 'very serene' - but that nickname no longer fits.
  • The UNESCO report blames the Italian authorities for a lack of strategic vision to solve the problems faced by one of Italy's most picturesque cities.

India among Invitees as Saudi Arabia to Host Ukraine Talks

  •  India is expected to participate in yet another attempt to broker peace in Ukraine, this time in Saudi Arabia where for the second time since June, the West and the Global South will take part for two days on August 4 and 5.
  • Saudi Arabia would invite western nations, Ukraine and major developing countries to the talks, but exclude Russia.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Foxconn Inks Pact with TN Govt. to Set up Mobile Component Manufacturing Facility

  • Taiwan's Foxconn signed a letter of intent (LoI) with the Tamil Nadu government to establish a new mobile component manufacturing facility for Rs. 1,600 crore in Kancheepuram with potential to generate 6,000 jobs. The LoI was signed, in his presence, between the state government and Foxconn Group represented by its chairman Young Liu.
  • With this proposed investment and many more to come, Tamil Nadu is poised to not only remain the top electronics exporter in the country but also significantly increase its electronics exports in the coming years.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

ISRO Injects Chandrayaan-3 into Translunar Orbit

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) announced that Chandrayaan-3 successfully completed its orbits around the Earth and is currently on its way towards the Moon.
With a successful perigee-firing performed at ISTRAC (ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network) ISRO injected the spacecraft into the translunar orbit.
As it arrives at the moon, the Lunar-Orbit Insertion is planned for August 5, 2023.
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SPORTS

England's Stuart Broad Announces Retirement after the Ashes

  •  England pacer Stuart Broad announced his retirement from cricket. He will quit from the game after the ongoing Ashes series. He has played 167 Test matches, picking 602 wickets. He has also featured in 121 ODIs and 56 T20Is.
  • Broad, who made his Test debut against Sri Lanka in 2007, will go down as one of the great pacers in the sport – he sits at fifth on the all-time list of wicket-takers, and is one of only two fast bowlers to take over 600 wickets, alongside long-time bowling partner Jimmy Anderson.
  • He is the only English player with two hat-tricks to his name in Test cricket. His finest hour in Test cricket came against his arch-rivals Australia when put himself in cricketing folklore with a stunning 8/15 at Trent Bridge in 2015.

Iga Swiatek Wins Home WTA Title in Warsaw

  • Iga Swiatek achieved a significant achievement by securing her fourth WTA title of the year and her very first on home soil. The Polish tennis player showcased her dominance in the final, defeating Germany's Laura Siegemund with an incredible 6-0, 6-1 scoreline in just 68 minutes, denying her opponent any break points throughout the match.
  • Before reaching the final, she triumphed in a challenging semi-final match against Belgium's Yanina Wickmayer, clinching a well-deserved 6-1, 7-6 (8-6) victory.
  • Iga Natalia Swiatek is a Polish professional tennis player who currently holds the position of world No. 1 in singles according to the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) rankings. With an impressive record, Swiatek has earned the title of four-time major singles champion, conquering the French Open in 2020, 2022, and 2023, as well as the US Open in 2022.
  • The WTA Poland Open is a tennis tournament held in Warsaw, Poland, and was first held in 2021.
  • The WTA was founded in 1973 by Billie Jean King and has evolved into one of the most esteemed and respected sports organizations globally.

Shooter Aishwary Pratap Singh Tomar Clinches Gold Medal at FISU World University Games

  •  Rifle shooter Aishwary Pratap Singh Tomar and the mixed compound archery team of Aman Saini and Pragati won gold medals for India at the FISU World University Games 2023 in Chengdu, the People's Republic of China.
  • Olympian Aishwary Pratap Singh Tomar, competing in the men's 50m rifle 3 positions, scored a total of 461.7 in the final to take the top podium.
  • Aishwary Pratap Singh Tomar, who represented India at the Tokyo Olympics, made the cut for the eight-man final after finishing second in the qualifying round. 
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

G20 EMPOWER Summit in Gandhinagar, Gujarat

  • The two-day long G20 EMPOWER Summit began in Gandhinagar, Gujarat. Union Minister for Women and Child Development Smriti Zubin Irani inaugurated the summit. The inaugural session saw the launch of key outcomes under the G20 EMPOWER agenda this year including the G20 EMPOWER Tech Equity Digital Inclusion Platform, the Best Practices Playbook, the KPI Dashboard, and the adoption of the G20 EMPOWER Communique 2023.
  • The summit, organized around the theme- 'Women-Led Development: ensuring a sustainable, inclusive, and equitable global economic growth', witnessed the participation of delegates from across G20 nations, invited guest countries and international organizations in addition to many global experts, policymakers and stakeholders. Besides, a host of esteemed speakers, including Minister of State for Women and Child Development Munjpara Mahendrabhai, Secretary in Ministry of Women and Child Development Indevar Pandey, Vice-President of World Bank Lakshmi Shyam Sunder, Executive Director of UN Women Sima Bahous also addressed the inaugural session.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

Congress Leader and Former Kerala Speaker Vakkom Purushothaman Passes Away

  • Veteran Congress leader and former Kerala Speaker Vakkom Purushothaman, who also served as Governor of Mizoram, passed away. He was 96.
  • Purushothaman, entered politics as a Students' Congress activist in 1946 and rose to become a state minister, Assembly Speaker, Governor of Mizoram and also Lieutenant Governor of Andaman and Nicobar Islands during his career spanning nearly seven decades.
  • Purushothaman, who was known for his administrative skills and strictness, was a cabinet minister in the Kerala government from 1971-1977, 1980 to 1981 and 2004 to 2006.
  • He was the Speaker of the Kerala legislative assembly from 1982-1984 and then 2001-2004.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

Yorkshire Day

  • Yorkshire Day is a yearly celebration on August 1 to promote everything that makes Yorkshire special, from its history to its local delicacies.
  • The day was first celebrated by the Yorkshire Riding Society in 1975, initially in Beverley, as a protest movement against the local government re-organisation of 1974.
  • On the day, the Slavery Abolition Act 1833 was also passed during the British Empire in 1834.

World Breastfeeding Week

  • World Breastfeeding Week is celebrated every year across the globe and the week is celebrated from 1 to 7 August 2023. World Breastfeeding Week is a global campaign that aims to raise awareness about breastfeeding and its benefits. 
  • In 1991, the World Alliance for Breastfeeding Action (WABA) was formed to promote the benefits of breastfeeding. A year later, the first World Breastfeeding Week was marked. In 2016, the World Breastfeeding Week campaign was aligned with the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (WBW-SDGs).
  • The theme for World Breastfeeding Week 2023 is 'Enabling breastfeeding: making a difference for working parents'. 

World Wide Web Day

  • World Wide Web Day is observed on August 1 each year. The day is marked in honour of the ability of people to browse information freely using the Web.
  • The WWW was created by English computer scientist Tim Berners-Lee in 1989, while he was working for the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) in Switzerland. Berners-Lee developed the essentials of the web – HTTP, HTML, the World Wide Web browser, a server, and the first website – while working at the organisation.
  • The world's first website went live on August 6, 1991. It was a basic page that made sense of the World Wide Web project and gave data about how to access and utilize it. This site was hosted on Berners-Lee's NeXT computer, which likewise served as the world's first web server.
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GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

Central Government Introduces Advocates (Amendment) Bill, 2023 in Parliament

  •  Union Minister of State (independent charge) for Law and Justice Arjun Ram Meghwal introduced the Advocates (Amendment) Bill in Parliament in light of the Central government's endeavour to repeal all obsolete laws or pre-independence Acts that have lost their utility.
  • The government, in consultation with the Bar Council of India (BCI), decided to repeal the Legal Practitioners Act, 1879 and amend the Advocates Act, 1961.
  • The Bill aims at incorporating the provisions of Section 36 of the Legal Practitioners Act, 1879 in the Advocates Act, 1961 in order to reduce the number of "superfluous enactments" on the statute books.
  • Section 36 of the Legal Practitioners Act deals with the power to frame and publish lists of touts in courts.
  • The Bill proposes enactment of a new Section 45A in the Advocates Act. It therefore proposes regulation of the legal profession by a single Act.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

Education Ministry Inks 106 MoUs to Foster Innovation and Research

  • The Ministry of Education inked 106 MoUs with prestigious organisations and institutions, paving the way for an exciting era of collaboration in education and industry-academia partnerships. These agreements are set to fuel innovation, drive groundbreaking research, and facilitate the exchange of knowledge across diverse domains, promising significant advancements for the future.
  • The MoUs were signed in association with the Atal Innovation Mission, IBM, Intel, Microsoft, Apparel Made-ups and Home Furnishing Sector Skill Council, Automotive Sector Skill Council, Sports, Physical Education, Fitness and Leisure Skills Council, Central Square Foundation (CSC), Educational Initiatives Private Limited, Oxford University Press India, Logistics Sector Skill Council, Furniture and Fittings Sector Skill Council, Life Sciences Sector Skill Council, Textiles Sector Skill Council and Healthcare Sector Skill Council.

Centre Requests AIIMS-Delhi to Limit PhD Research Duration to Six Years

  • The union health ministry requested the All India Institute of Medical Sciences- Delhi to cap the duration of PhD scholars or scientists who are working on research projects to six years. However, the AIIMS administration has yet to implement the order.
  • However, PhD scholars and scientists working on research papers at AIIMS have been protesting against the decision.
  • The directive issued by the health ministry states, "Project staff will not be allowed to continue or hired to serve beyond six years of cumulative engagement in the institute."
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ART AND CULTURE

World's Largest Museum to Come up in Delhi

  •  The Yuge Yugeen Bharat National Museum, billed to be the world's largest museum, will be housed in the North and South blocks in New Delhi. The museum will have eight thematic segments telling the story of India spanning over 5,000 years.
  • The museum will cover an area of 1.17 lakh square metres with 950 rooms spread over a basement and three storeys.
  • In May, the PM had launched a virtual walk-through of the upcoming museum on the occasion of the International Museum Expo at Pragati Maidan.
  • The eight thematic segments broadly include ancient Indian knowledge, ancient to medieval, medieval, medieval to transition phase, modern India, the colonial rule (when the Dutch, the British, the Portuguese and others came to India), the freedom struggle and the 100 years from 1947 onwards, including the vision ahead.
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