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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

28 Jul 2022

DAILY G.K. TEST

Start Test

ENVIRONMENT

Lulo Rose, Rare Pink Diamond, Believed to be Largest Seen in 300 Years Unearthed

  • A rare pink diamond found in Angola in Central America may be the largest recovered in the last three centuries that is 300 years, according to Australian miner Lucapa Diamond Co.
  • The 170-carat stone from the Lulo alluvial mine was named the "Lulo Rose".
  • As per Lucapa Diamond Company, the diamond is among the largest pink diamonds ever found in history.
  • The find of the Type IIa diamond was welcomed by the Angolan government, which is also a partner in mine. Type IIa diamonds are one of the rarest and purest forms of natural stones.
  • This record and spectacular pink diamond recovered from Lulo continues to showcase Angola as an important player on the world stage.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Piramal Enterprises Receives Approval from RBI to Start NBFC Business

  • Piramal Enterprises received the approval from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to start non-banking finance company (NBFC) operations. The licence is for initiating an NBFC not accepting public deposits.
  • The approval from the RBI came after the company received clearance of the shareholders to demerge its pharmaceuticals business and simplify its corporate structure.

CCI Clears Axis Bank-Citi Deal, One of India's Largest Financial Agreements

  • Competition Commission approved Axis Bank's proposed acquisition of Citi's consumer business in India, one of the largest deals in the country's financial services space.
  • Under the deal worth Rs. 12,325 crore, announced on March 30, Axis Bank would take over Citi's credit cards, personal loans and wealth management businesses that are focused on the affluent segment.
  • Deals beyond a certain threshold require approval of the Competition Commission of India (CCI), which keeps a tab on unfair business practices across sectors.
  • The parties involved in the deal are Axis Bank Ltd, Citibank, N.A. (acting through its India branch) and Citicorp Finance (India) Ltd.

Roshni Nadar Remains Richest Indian Woman

  • HCL Technologies' chairperson Roshni Nadar Malhotra retained her position as the richest woman in India, with a 54 per cent jump in her networth to Rs. 84,330 crore in 2021.
  • Falguni Nayar, who quit her investment banking career to start the beauty focused brand Nykaa around a decade ago, emerged as the richest self-made woman with a networth of Rs. 57,520 crore, as per the Kotak Private Banking-Hurun list.
  • Nayar saw a 963 per cent increase in her wealth during the year and is also the second richest woman overall, trailing Malhotra, the daughter of HCL Technologies' founder Shiv Nadar.
  • Biocon's Kiran Mazumdar Shaw witnessed a 21 per cent decline in her fortune and moved down one rank to be the third richest woman in the country with a wealth of Rs. 29,030 crore.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

UAE's Sultan Al Neyadi to be the First Arab Astronaut to Spend Six Months on ISS

  • Emirati astronaut Sultan Al Neyadi would become the first Arab astronaut to be part of a long-term mission to the International Space Station (ISS) after he embarks on SpaceX's Crew-6 mission scheduled for early 2023. During the mission, he would conduct scientific experiments as part of the UAE (United Arab Emirates) Astronaut Programme. According to the Emirates News Agency, this makes the UAE the 11th country in the world to participate in a long-term space mission.
  • Al Neyadi will embark on the mission as part of the agreement signed between Texas-based Axiom Space and the Mohammed bin Rashid Space Centre. But Al Neyadi is not the first Emirati to go aboard the International Space Station: that honour goes to Hazza Al Mansoori, who lived on the space station for eight days in 2019. Al Neyadi is expected to be onboard the ISS till September 2023.
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SPORTS

Sindhu Named India's Flagbearer for Commonwealth Games' Opening Ceremony

  • Double Olympic medallist badminton ace P.V. Sindhu was the flagbearer of the Indian contingent for the opening ceremony of the Commonwealth Games.
  • Olympic champion Neeraj Chopra, who was also the defending champion in the Commonwealth Games having won the gold in Gold Coast four years ago, was expected to be the flagbearer.
  • But a groin injury following his silver medal at the World Championships forced him to pullout.
  • Tokyo Olympics medallists, weightlifter Mirabai Chanu and boxer Lovlina Borgohain were the other two athletes, who were also considered before IOA decided to go for Sindhu.

Swiss Open 2022: Casper Ruud Defeats Matteo Berrettini in the Final

  • Norway's Casper Ruud won the Swiss Open Tennis Tournament 2022 held in Gstaad, Switzerland. He defeated Italy's Matteo Berrettini in the final by 4-6, 7-6(4), 6-2. It was Ruud's 9th Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) title. The Swiss Open was Ruud's 3rd title in 2022, the other two titles are Buenos Aires and Geneva Open. Ruud had also won the 2021 Swiss Open title.
  • Ruud snapped the 12-match unbeaten streak of Berrettini, who lifted trophies in Stuttgart and London earlier this year. It was Casper Ruud 9th ATP Title. Earlier this year, Ruud finished as the runner-up at the French Open, losing to Spanish ace Rafael Nadal.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

MHA Launches Common Web Portal for Recommendation of Awards

  • The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) launched a common portal for recommendations and nominations of all official awards, including the Padma awards, to ensure transparency and partnership.
  • The "Rashtriya Puraskar" portal facilitates every citizen or organisation to nominate for various awards instituted by the Government of India.
  • The portal has been developed to bring all awards of various ministries, departments and agencies of the Government of India on a common platform to ensure transparency and public partnership.
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DEFENCE

Tata Advanced Systems Successfully Delivers Indigenously Developed Quick Reaction Fighting Vehicle to Indian Army

  • Tata Advanced Systems Limited (TASL) successfully delivered to the Indian Army the indigenously developed Quick Reaction Fighting Vehicle-Medium (QRFV).
  • The vehicle will enhance the operational capabilities of the Indian Army in future conflicts and war-like situations.
  • In April, Chief of Army Staff General MM Naravane had inducted the first set of QRFV. As per a defence release, the Army Chief had inducted the QRFV, Infantry Protected Mobility Vehicle (IPMV), Ultra Long Range Observation System developed by TASL and Monocoque Hull Multi-Role Mine-Protected Armoured Vehicle developed by Bharat Forge.

Bangladesh to Purchase Turkish Drones

  • As per reports, Bangladesh is set to purchase Turkish Bayraktar TB2 drones.
  • Turkish ambassador to Bangladesh Mustafa Osman Turan confirmed the news.
  • The Bayraktar TB2 is a medium-altitude long-endurance (MALE) unmanned combat aerial vehicle (UCAV) capable of remotely controlled or autonomous flight operations. Bayraktar drones were deployed by a number of other nations around the world in various wars, such as by Azerbaijan in the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war and by Ukrainian forces during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

Punjabi Singer Balwinder Safri Passes Away at 63

  • Popular UK-based Punjabi singer Balwinder Safri died at the age of 63, weeks after recovering from coma.
  • Punjab-born Safri, who was based in Birmingham, was part of the UK bhangra scene since 1980 and formed the Safri Boyz Band in 1990.
  • Safri, known for hit Punjabi tracks such as "Rahaye Rahaye" and "Chan Mere Makhna", slipped into coma in April after suffering brain damage following a heart surgery.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

World Nature Conservation Day

  • World Nature Conservation Day is observed annually on 28 July to create awareness about the need to preserve the environment and its natural resources. As the world faces challenges like climate change, deforestation, urbanisation and loss of flora and fauna, it is important to protect nature and keep our natural environment safe.
  • The origin of World Nature Conservation Day is still unknown but the objective behind it is to create awareness about the flora and fauna that are going extinct. People should know that due to the overexploitation of natural resources, climate change, natural disasters and other issues have led to much destruction of life and property.

World Hepatitis Day

  • World Hepatitis Day is observed on the 28th of July, it is important to understand this disease. Hepatitis is a disease that affects the health of our liver. It is of many kinds.
  • World Hepatitis Day is one of 11 official global public health campaigns marked by the World Health Organization (WHO), along with World Health Day, World Chagas Disease Day, World Blood Donor Day, World Malaria Day, World Immunization Week, World Tuberculosis Day, World No Tobacco Day, World Patient Safety Day, World Antimicrobial Awareness Week and World AIDS Day.
  • The inaugural International Hepatitis C Awareness day, coordinated by various European and Middle Eastern Patient Groups and Baby Muriel, took place on October 1, 2004. However, many patient groups continued to mark 'hepatitis day' on disparate dates. For this reason in 2008, the World Hepatitis Alliance in collaboration with patient groups declared May 19 the first global World Hepatitis Day.
  • Following the adoption of a resolution during the 63rd World Health Assembly in May 2010, World Hepatitis Day was given global endorsement as the primary focus for national and international awareness-raising efforts and the date was changed to July 28 (in honour of Nobel Laureate Baruch Samuel Blumberg, discoverer of the hepatitis B virus, who celebrates his birthday on that date).
  • Each year World Hepatitis Day has a theme and the theme for 2022 was 'Bringing Hepatitis care closer to you'.
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

Winston Churchill Leadership Award to Ukraine's President

  • British Prime Minister Boris Johnson presented Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy with the Sir Winston Churchill Leadership Award, drawing comparisons between the two leaders in times of crises.
  • Zelenskyy accepted the award by video link during a ceremony at Johnson's London office that was attended by members of the Churchill family, Ukrainian Ambassador Vadym Prystaiko and Ukrainians who have received training from British soldiers.
  • The Churchill leadership award was first presented in 2006. Past recipients include Prince Charles, former British Prime Ministers Margaret Thatcher and John Major, and former US Secretary of State Madeleine Albright.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

Rajendra Prasad Singh is New Chairman of IIT Kharagpur Board of Governors

  • Former Chairman and Managing Director of Power Grid Corporation Rajendra Prasad Singh was appointed as the new Chairman of the Board of Governors of IIT Kharagpur.
  • Apart from being the former Chairman and Managing Director of Power Grid Corporation and Independent Director of Azzure Power Global Ltd, Singh had been the Chairman of the Board for NIT Patna for a period of three years from 2009-2012.
  • Singh succeeded Sanjiv Goenka, as the new Chairman, IIT Kharagpur. A corporate bigwig Goenka is the founder and chairman of RPSG Group.
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LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

SC Upholds Validity of PMLA, Says Not Mandatory for ED to Disclose Grounds of Arrest

  • Underlining that "the principle of innocence of the accused/offender is regarded as a human right" but "that presumption can be interdicted by a law made by the Parliament/Legislature", the Supreme Court upheld the constitutional validity of the Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002, as amended from time to time including those dealing with the powers of the Enforcement Directorate (ED) regarding arrest, search, attachment and seizure in money laundering offences.
  • The Centre had told the Court that "it cannot be said that presumption of innocence is a constitutional guarantee".
  • The Court also said an Enforcement Case Information Report (ECIR) cannot be equated with an FIR, that supplying an ECIR in every case to the person concerned is not mandatory and "it is enough if ED, at the time of arrest, discloses the grounds of such arrest".

SC Orders Pay Hike for Judicial Officers

  • Judicial officers across India are in for a salary hike as the Supreme Court ordered implementation of the recommendations of the Second National Judicial Pay Commission with effect from January 1, 2016.
  • A three-judge Bench led by Chief Justice of India N.V. Ramana directed the Centre and states to pay the arrears of the enhanced salary to the judicial officers in three installments — first two installments of 25% each after three months and six months and the rest by the end of June next year.
  • The Amicus Curiae told the Bench that according to the Second National Judicial Pay Commission's recommendations, judicial officers were entitled to a pay revision. He said states' refusal to pay the revised salary to subordinate court judges on account of paucity of funds was "unjust".
  • The top court had set up the Second National Judicial Pay Commission led by Justice (Retd) PV Reddy in 2017 for reviewing the pay scale and other conditions of service of subordinate court judges across India.
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