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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

12 Jul 2022

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

France's Prime Minister Survives No-confidence Vote in Parliament

  • French Prime Minister Elisabeth Borne comfortably survived a motion of no-confidence brought against her by a broad alliance of left-wing opponents.
  • An official vote count showed 146 lawmakers voted in support of the motion. The motion required an absolute majority of 289 votes to precipitate the government's fall.
  • Calling the no-confidence vote a political tactic, Borne urged the parliament to switch to a culture of compromise ahead of the vote.

India Best Performing among Major Economies in the World: Report

  • Despite the massive disruptions in both demand and supply-side factors caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine conflict India has shown the most consistent improvement in macroeconomic performance among the top 10 economies in the world.
  • In the ranking of International Economic Resilience (IER) of the top 10 countries, India improved its position consistently in the past four years, according to data released by PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry.
  • The PHDCCI report is based on the comparative analysis of the leading economies' conducted on the basis of the five leading economic parameters viz., Real GDP growth Rate parameter, Merchandise Export Volume Growth rate, Current Account Balance (% of GDP), General government net lending/borrowing (% of GDP), and Gross Debt to GDP ratio.
  • Germany's International Economic Resilience (IER) Rank has remained intact at 1st in the pre COVID year of 2019 as well as the post COVID year of 2022.
  • Countries which shown overall improvement in their IER position in 2022 vis-à-vis 2019 include Canada (IER Rank in Y2019 was 2nd & in Y2022 is 1st), India (IER Rank in Y2019 was 6th & in Y2022 is 2nd), Italy (IER Rank in Y2019 was 5th & in Y2022 is 4th), Japan (IER Rank in Y2019 was 8th & in Y2022 is 5th) and the USA (IER Rank in Y2019 was 7th & in Y2022 is 6th), the PHDCCI report said.

India Becomes 68th Country to Join Interpol's Child Sexual Abuse Database

  • India joined the Interpol's international child sexual exploitation (ICSE) database which will allow it to draw links between victims, abusers and crime scene using audio-visual data.
  • The CBI, which is India's nodal agency for Interpol matters, joined the database making India the 68th country to connect to it.
  • The ICSE database uses video & image comparison to analyse child sexual abuse material and make connections between victims, abusers and places.
  • An intelligence and investigative tool, the database allows specialized investigators to share information on cases of child sexual abuse.
  • Detectives in all 68 countries can exchange information and notes with their colleagues across the world.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Eureka Forbes Names Pratik Pota as MD & CEO

  • Private equity firm Advent International announced that it will be partnering with Pratik Pota to lead its portfolio company, Eureka Forbes.
  • Pratik Pota will have the title of Managing Director and CEO of Eureka Forbes.
  • Pratik will lead the management team to continue scaling the business, solidifying Eureka Forbes' market leadership position, and delivering innovative products for a growing customer base.

GoM on GST Appellate Tribunal Set Up, Headed by Dushyant Chautala

  • The Goods and Services Tax (GST) Council has set up a six-member group of ministers (GoM) to recommend necessary amendments required in the GST laws and other legal changes for setting up the GST Appellate Tribunal (GSTAT).
  • The GoM will be headed by Haryana Deputy Chief Minister Dushyant Chautala.
  • The 47th GST Council meeting, chaired by Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman, had last month decided to constitute a GoM to address various concerns raised by the states in relation to the constitution of the GSTAT.

RBI Allows Settlement in Rupee to Settle Trade with Russia, Sri Lanka

  • The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) allowed trade settlements between India and other countries, including Sri Lanka and Russia, in rupees.
  • Banks have to take approval on doing such transactions.
  • The exchange rate between the currencies of the two trading partner countries may be market-determined.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Jitendra Singh Launches the IS4OM for Safe & Sustainable Space Environment

  • The ISRO System for Safe and Sustainable Operation (IS4OM) was inaugurated by Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) Science & Technology Jitendra Singh at the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) Control Centre in Bengaluru.
  • The ISRO stated that the facility will support all routine operations safeguarding Indian space assets, mitigating collision threats from space objects through specific collision avoidance manoeuvres.
  • The control centre would facilitate the intensified activities foreseen for Space Situational Awareness & Management (SSAM) in view of increasing debris population and operational space assets. The control centre would host a range of activities pertaining to protection of Indian Space assets from inactive satellites, pieces of orbiting objects, near earth asteroids and adverse space weather conditions. It would assimilate the tracking data of inactive satellites from indigenous observation facilities and generate useful information from bare observations through analysis. For sustainable use of space, the control centre would enable research activities pertaining to active debris removal, space debris modelling and mitigation.

International Space Station Drops 78 kg of Waste for the First Time Ever

  • Nearly 78 kilograms of trash was jettisoned from the International Space Station (ISS) in a major waste management technology test. The bag was jettisoned from the station's commercial Bishop Airlock.
  • The first-of-its-kind technology to dispose of waste was developed by NASA's Johnson Space Center and a private company Nanorocks.
  • The technology demonstrated a more efficient and sustainable model for eliminating waste aboard the ISS and furthermore highlights a critical new function and utility for all future commercial space stations.
  • The new technology uses a specially designed waste container, which is mounted in the Bishop Airlock. The ISS crew can fill the container with up to 600 lbs of trash. The waste bag is then released and the Airlock is re-mounted empty.
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SPORTS

Ferrari's Charles Leclerc Wins Austrian Grand Prix 2022

  • Ferrari's Charles Leclerc held off world champion Max Verstappen to win the Austrian Grand Prix 2022. Red Bull's Max Verstappen had to settle for second and Mercedes' seven-time world champion Lewis Hamilton was a distant third, after starting eighth, to complete the podium for the third race in a row. Leclerc, whose victory is his first in Formula 1 had not started on pole position, has now closed the gap to Verstappen in the drivers' championship standings to 38 points.
  • The 2022 Austrian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at the Red Bull Ring in Spielberg, Austria. It was the second Grand Prix weekend of the 2022 season to utilise the Formula One sprint format.

94-year-old Bhagwani Devi Creates History, Wins Gold Medal at World Masters Athletic Championship

  • Ninty-four-year-old Bhagwani Devi created history by winning a gold medal for India in the 100m sprint at the World Masters Athletics Championship-2022 in Tampere, Finland.
  • The 94-year-old from Haryana ran 100 metres in 24.74 seconds to clinch the gold. Bhagwani also bagged a bronze medal in shot put.
  • World Masters Athletics Championships was an event for athletics (track and field) for athletes aged 35 years and over.

Indian Women's World Cup Dream Ends

  • The Indian women's hockey team crashed out of the FIH World Cup title race after losing 0-1 to co-hosts Spain in a hard-fought crossover match.
  • After a fiercely-contested three quarters, the Indian defence let in a goal just three minutes from the final hooter when Marta Segu scored from a rebound to exit from the knock-out rounds.
  • As has been the case so far in the tournament, India fared poorly once again in converting penalty corners. They earned four in the game against Spain's three but all the chances went in vain.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

PM Modi Inaugurates Deoghar Airport

  • Prime Minister Narendra Modi visited Deoghar in Jharkhand and launched or inaugurated development projects worth Rs. 16,835 crore, including the Rs. 400–crore Deoghar Airport.
  • Modi also dedicated to the nation the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Deoghar, which has come up at a cost of Rs. 1100 crore.
  • The Deoghar Airport will provide direct connectivity to Baidyanath Dham, a religious destination thronged by lakhs of pilgrims from across the country every year.

PM Unveils National Emblem Cast on New Parliament Building

  • Prime Minister Narendra Modi unveiled the National Emblem cast on the roof of the new Parliament building and interacted with the labourers.
  • The National Emblem is made of bronze weighing 9500 kg and is 6.5 metre in height.
  • It has been cast at the top of the Central Foyer of the new Parliament building.
  • A supporting structure of steel weighing around 6500 kg has been constructed to support the Emblem.
  • The concept sketch and process of casting of the National Emblem on the roof of the building has gone through eight different stages of preparation from clay modelling/computer graphic to bronze casting and polishing.
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DEFENCE

Rajnath Singh Launches 75 AI-powered Defence Products in New Delhi

  • Defence Minister Rajnath Singh launched 75 defence products powered by artificial intelligence at the first-ever 'AI in Defence' symposium and exhibition organised by the Ministry of Defence in New Delhi.
  • These products were launched as part of 'Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav' celebrations. Out of these 75 products, some are already being used by the armed forces while the rest are in the process of deployment.
  • These 75 products are in the domains of robotics systems, cyber security, human behaviour analysis, intelligent monitoring system, supply chain management, voice analysis and C4ISR (command, control, communication, computer and intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance) and operational data analytics.

Army to Conduct Trials of AI-enabled Vehicles in Ladakh

  • The Indian Army will start conducting trials of indigenously developed artificial intelligence-enabled unmanned ground vehicles at higher altitudes along the China frontier in Ladakh for surveillance and logistics operations.
  • These vehicles can be used for extreme weather and terrain conditions and can be used for logistics, surveillance and reconnaissance operations.
  • The battery-operated vehicle, having day and night cameras, can be used to carry logistics such as weapons and ammunition up to 500kg and also as reconnaissance units to track enemy positions. These vehicles will provide live feed to commanders deployed along the Line of Actual Control.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

ESPL Extends Tie-up with Brand Ambassador Tiger Shroff for Season 2

  • ESports Premier League (ESPL) will continue its association with Bollywood actor Tiger Shroff as the face of Esports league for the second consecutive year. According to Vishwalok Nath, director, ESPL, Tiger Shroff played a key role in making ESPL a household name in its first season. "Shroff's popularity and fan following among the youth and millennial audiences helped us to engage and influence gamers across the country. His star power also helped push Esports to the mainstream.
View Month Wise

DAYS AND EVENTS

Paper Bag Day

  • Paper Bag Day is observed every year on July 12 to reaffirm the much-needed daily use of paper bags over plastic bags. This day is dedicated to spreading awareness of the ill effects of plastic and how detrimental they are to our environment. Paper bags can easily be used to replace one-time-use plastic bags which are non-biodegradable or, in other words, take hundreds of years to decompose in landfills.
  • Francis Wolle, an American inventor, created the first paper bag machine in 1852. Later in 1871, Margaret E. Knight introduced another machine to generate flat-bottom paper bags and rose to fame as "The mother of the grocery bag". Better paper bag designs and manufacturing processes were developed over time by inventors Charles Stilwell and Walter Deubener in the years 1883 and 1912 respectively.
  • The theme Paper Bag Day 2022 was, "If You're 'fantastic', Do Something 'dramatic' To Cut The 'Plastic', Use 'Paper Bags'."

World Malala Day

  • World Malala Day is celebrated every year on July 12 on the occasion of young activist Malala Yousafzai's birthday. This date was designated by the United Nations (UN) to honour the young woman who has been advocating for female education. The 24-year-old activist, who currently works for women's right to education globally, was never allowed to enter school as a young girl.
  • The day is used as an opportunity to appeal to world leaders to ensure compulsory and free education for every child across the globe.
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GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

Tripura Launches Scheme 'Earn with Learn'

  • The Tripura government launched a new scheme 'Earn with Learn' as a part of the 'Vidyalay Chalo Abhiyan' programme to bring back the dropout students to schools. Education Minister Ratan Lal Nath said that about 8,000 students between the age group of 6 and 14 in the state dropped out of schools during the Covid-19.
  • It was decided to take up this project to get all these students into school and bring them back into the mainstream of education. The minister further said that in the implementation of this project, the third-year students of all the colleges will be used to bring the students, who left schools during the pandemic.
View Month Wise

GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

PIVOT: AI-based Tool to Detect Cancer

  • Researchers at the Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras) developed an Artificial Intelligence-based tool, PIVOT, that can predict cancer-causing genes in an individual. This early information can not only help prevent cancer but even devise personalised cancer treatment strategies.
  • The tool is based on a machine learning model that classifies genes as tumour suppressor genes, oncogenes or neutral genes. The tool was able to successfully predict both the existing oncogenes and tumour-suppressor genes like TP53, and PIK3CA, among others, and new cancer-related genes such as PRKCA, SOX9 and PSMD4.

IIT Roorkee Launches Executive Programme in Business Analytics for Professionals

  • The Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee (IIT-Roorkee) launched an executive program in Business Analytics for Strategic Decision Making. The course will be offered via ed-tech platform Simplilearn.
  • The Business Analytics for Strategic Decision-Making program, as per IIT-Roorkee, will help understand the essentials of business analytics such as statistics, predictive analytics, prescriptive analytics, and machine learning techniques, data visualization, data storytelling, and much more, along with the real-world applications of analytics across multiple business functions.
  • As per IIT-Roorkee, the program is best suited for professionals with at least 6 years of work experience from a wide range of industries and backgrounds such as Business Analysts, mid to senior-level managers, C-suite executives, consultants, and business heads who aspire to apply analytics to make more efficient business decisions.

IGNOU Launches MAJMC in Hindi and Tamil for Online, ODL Mode

  • The Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU) launched a new programme — MA in Journalism and Mass Communication in two Indian languages.
  • While the MAJMC programme is already being offered in English language, in both online, and open and Distance Learning modes, it will now be offered in Hindi and Tamil.
  • The programme has been launched by the School of Journalism and New Media Studies (SOJNMS) to integrate recommendations of National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. It is being introduced with the aim to facilitate the teaching-learning process in various Indian languages.
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TOURISM AND HOTEL INDUSTRY AWARENESS

Maharashtra Metro, NHAI Create New Record for Longest Double Decker Viaduct

  • Team Maharashtra Metro & team NHAI achieved a world record in Nagpur by: -Constructing longest Double Decker Viaduct (3.14 KM) with Highway Flyover & Metro Rail Supported on single column pier.
  • Asia Book of Records and India Book of Records recognised this engineering feat. They also recognised another record of constructing three metro stations on a double-decker viaduct.
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LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

SDRF: State Govt. can't Divert Funds Meant for Disaster Relief, Supreme Court Directs Andhra Pradesh to Return Money

  • The Supreme Court directed the Andhra Pradesh Government to repay the amount it had diverted from the State Disaster Response Fund (SDRF).
  • The said amount was given as compensation to the kin of Covid-19 deceased persons in the state and had been diverted into a Personal Deposit (PD) account.
  • The said petition that had made the accusation against the Andhra Pradesh government was presented by Additional Solicitor General Aishwarya Bhati before the bench of Justice M.R. Shah and Justice B.V. Nagarathna.
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