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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

12 Nov 2021

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Belarus President Threatens to Shut EU Gas Flow in Border Spat

  • Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko threatened to shut down a key pipeline carrying Russian gas to the European Union as the bloc considers new sanctions, escalating a dispute flaring over migrants seeking to cross from his country into the EU.
  • European gas prices reversed earlier losses after the threat. The continent is dealing with the worst energy crisis in decades amid limited Russian supplies of gas, among other factors.
  • The refugee tensions on the border between Belarus and Poland -- which the EU accuses Lukashenko of instigating in retaliation for its pressure on his government over its brutal crackdown on domestic opponents -- has spiraled in recent days, with several thousand people stuck on the frontier.

Sudan's Army Chief Appoints New Ruling Council

  • Sudan's army chief Abdel Fattah al-Burhan has formed a new transitional council, headed by himself, to lead the country following the military takeover late last month,.
  • The new 14-member Sovereign Council, for which one member isyet to be named, includes civilians representing Sudan's regions but none from the Forces of Freedom and Change (FFC) political coalition that had been sharing power with the military since 2019. Gen. Burhan's deputy will remain Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, commander of the powerful paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF), with both men keeping roles they held before the coup.

Sudan's Army Chief Appoints New Ruling Council

  • Sudan's army chief Abdel Fattah al-Burhan has formed a new transitional council, headed by himself, to lead the country following the military takeover late last month,.
  • The new 14-member Sovereign Council, for which one member isyet to be named, includes civilians representing Sudan's regions but none from the Forces of Freedom and Change (FFC) political coalition that had been sharing power with the military since 2019. Gen. Burhan's deputy will remain Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, commander of the powerful paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF), with both men keeping roles they held before the coup.
  • The move is likely to harden opposition among civilian groups who have pledged to resist the takeover through a campaign of civil disobedience, strikes and mass rallies.
  • The council also includes representatives of rebel groups that reached a peace deal with the government last year but had rejected the coup in a statement this week.
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ENVIRONMENT

Lahore most Polluted City in the World, as per US Air Quality Index

  • Lahore is on top of the list of the most polluted cities in the world, according to air pollution data released by the US Air Quality Index.
  • The air quality in the city of Pakistan was recorded at over 600. Karachi stood at the fifth position on the list.
  • A level of 681 was recorded in Gulberg, 626 was recorded in Raiwind, 541 in Anarkali Market and 532 in Model Town.
  • Meanwhile, smog in Pakistan's Punjab province has also caused concerns among the authorities.

Diamond Hauled from Deep Inside Earth Holds Never-before-seen Mineral

  • Within a diamond hauled from deep beneath Earth's surface, scientists have discovered the first example of a never-before-seen mineral.
  • Named davemaoite after prominent geophysicist Ho-kwang (Dave) Mao, the mineral is the first example of a high-pressure calcium silicate perovskite (CaSiO3) found on Earth. Another form of CaSiO3, known as wollastonite, is commonly found across the globe, but davemaoite has a crystalline structure that forms only under high pressure and high temperatures in Earth's mantle, the mainly solid layer of Earth trapped between the outer core and the crust.
  • Davemaoite is believed to play an important geochemical role in Earth's mantle. Scientists theorize that the mineral may also contain other trace elements, including uranium and thorium, which release heat via radioactive decay. Therefore, davemaoite may help to generate a substantial amount of heat in the mantle.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Bank of India Holds Loan Outreach Programme

  • As part of the customer outreach programme, state-owned Bank of India (BoI) disbursed about Rs. 12,500 crore under the special drive.
  • The credit outreach programme was launched on October 16 by all banks across the country on the advice of Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman to expand loan growth to support the economic revival.
  • Under this programme, banks have been holding special camps across various parts of the country to sanction loans to eligible borrowers as per the prudential norms.

BSE Joins Hand with All India MSME Association to Promote Listing of MSMEs

  • Leading stock exchange BSE collaborated with the All India MSME Association (AIMA MSME) to encourage and promote the listing of MSMEs and start-ups.
  • Through this pact, AIMA MSME will assist BSE in evaluating MSMEs and start-ups for listing on the exchange's SME platform while also sensitising its investor network for investing in listed MSMEs.

Shriram Capital Names Ajay Thomas John as Chief Digital Officer

  • Shriram Capital Ltd announced the appointment of Ajay Thomas John as chief digital officer to lead the digital transformation at the company.
  • John has 17 years of experience as a business and digital leader in the financial services industry. Before joining Shriram, he headed corporate strategy and fintech at Bajaj Finance Ltd wherein he has played multiple roles in the digital transformation and business innovation space. He has also worked at fin-tech start-ups for close to six years and notable brands like HDFC Bank and CitiFinancial earlier and is an MBA in finance from Anna University.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

SpaceX Launches Indian-origin Astronaut Raja Chari-led Crew 3 Mission

  • US Space agency NASA and the Elon Musk-owned private rocket company SpaceX have launched the "Crew 3" mission on November 10, 2021. The "Crew 3" mission consists of Indian-origin NASA astronaut Raja Chari as its mission commander. The other three astronauts are NASA's Tom Marshburn (pilot); and Kayla Barron (mission specialist); as well as ESA (European Space Agency) astronaut Matthias Maurer (mission specialist).
  • Under this mission, four astronauts have been sent to the International Space Station (ISS) for a six-month science mission until April 2022. The four-member international crew of astronauts lifted off from Launch Complex 39A at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida onboard the SpaceX Crew Dragon capsule named Endurance fixed to Falcon 9 rocket.
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SPORTS

Nethra Clinches Gold at Gran Canaria Sailing

  • India's Nethra Kumanan won gold in the laser radial section of the Gran Canaria sailing championships, one of the European regional open events, held in Gran Canaria (Spain).
  • The 24-year-old finished first in three of the six races, garnering a total of 10 nett points. Beneyto Lancho of Spain came second while Martina Reino Cacho (Spain) emerged third.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

President Kovind, PM Modi Attend 51st Conference of Governors, LGs

  • President Ram Nath Kovind and Prime Minister Narendra Modi attended the Conference of Governors and Lieutenant Governors at Rashtrapati Bhawan in the national capital.
  • Vice President M Venkaiah Naidu and Union Home Minister Amit Shah were also present at the Conference.
  • This will be the fourth conference to be presided over by President Kovind.

AAP to Project OBC as CM Face, Catholic as Deputy CM in Goa Assembly Polls 2022

  • In a bid to lure the politically crucial OBC segment in Goa, referred to locally as the `bahujan samaj`, Delhi Deputy Chief Minister Manish Sisodia said that his AAP`s Chief Minister face in the upcoming Assembly polls would be from the OBC community and a Catholic the Deputy Chief Minister candidate.
  • Sisodia also said that the OBC community in Goa, which is the state`s largest caste collective, had been deprived of political leadership in the state since 60 years of its Liberation.

India, Sri Lanka Revive Parliament Friendship Association

  • India and Sri Lanka have set up Parliamentary Friendship Association, with Minister Chamal Rajapaksa, the eldest brother in Sri Lanka's ruling clan, as its president.
  • The association existed in the past and has been revived for the current Parliament, elected in August 2020.
  • Speaking at an event held at the Parliament complex here, Sri Lanka's Foreign Minister G.L. Peiris pointed to "close civilisational ties" between India and Sri Lanka, while observing that the "greatest gift" of India to Sri Lanka was Buddhism.
  • Indian High Commissioner Gopal Baglay said that the association would "reinvigorate" Parliamentary exchanges between the two democracies and strengthen bilateral ties.
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DEFENCE

Sheel Vardhan Singh Appointed CISF DG, Atul Karwal is New NDRF Chief

  • The government announced the appointment of chiefs of two key Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF). These are the Central Industrial Security Force (CISF), which has been without a regular chief since May 25 when its then chief Subodh Jaiswal was appointed as CBI Director — and, the National Disaster Response Force (NDRF), which currently has IPS officer S. N. Pradhan as its chief.
  • Special Director in the Intelligence Bureau Sheel Vardhan Singh was appointed as the new CISF DG, while National Police Academy Director Atul Karwal was appointed as the NDRF DG.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

FW de Klerk, South Africa's Last Apartheid Ruler Dies

  • FW de Klerk, the former President of South Africa and the last white person to lead the country, died. He was 85.
  • He came to power in 1989 under apartheid, a system of legalised racism, but later became a key figure in the transition to democracy.
  • He ordered Nelson Mandela's release from prison, leading to historic polls where the anti-apartheid leader became the first black President.
  • De Klerk shared the Nobel Peace Prize with Mandela for helping to negotiate an end to apartheid. But his legacy divides opinion in South Africa.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

World Pneumonia Day

  • World Pneumonia Day is celebrated on November 12 every year. The day was first commemorated in the year 2009 with an aim to highlight the complications and issues related to Pneumonia. According to WHO, pneumonia is more severe in children less than 5 years of age and precautions must be taken to prevent the disease.
  • The theme for World Pneumonia Day 2021 was 'Stop Pneumonia / Every Breath Counts'.
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GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

PM Launches RBI's Retail Direct, Integrated Ombudsman Schemes

  • Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched two innovative, customer-centric initiatives of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), the retail direct scheme and the integrated ombudsman scheme.
  • The RBI Retail Direct Scheme is aimed at enhancing access to the government securities market for retail investors.
  • It offers them a new avenue for directly investing in the securities issued by the Centre and the state governments. The investors will be able to easily open and maintain their government securities accounts online with the RBI for free.
  • The Reserve Bank-Integrated Ombudsman Scheme aims to further improve the grievance redress mechanism for resolving customer complaints against entities regulated by the central bank.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

IIT Bombay Team Wins $250,000 XPrize, Elon Musk Foundation Grant at COP26

  • Four students and two teachers from IIT Bombay won a grant of $250,000 (approximately Rs. 1.85 crore) for the new-age technology at the Sustainable Innovation Forum at COP-26 in Glasgow.
  • The grant came from XPRIZE Foundation in collaboration with Elon Musk Foundation. XPRIZE is the global leader in designing and implementing innovative competition models to solve the world's grandest challenges.

IIT Bombay Team Wins $250,000 XPrize, Elon Musk Foundation Grant at COP26

  • Four students and two teachers from IIT Bombay won a grant of $250,000 (approximately Rs. 1.85 crore) for the new-age technology at the Sustainable Innovation Forum at COP-26 in Glasgow.
  • The grant came from XPRIZE Foundation in collaboration with Elon Musk Foundation. XPRIZE is the global leader in designing and implementing innovative competition models to solve the world's grandest challenges.
  • The team created a tri-modular technology that can capture carbon dioxide from point sources of emission and transforming them into salts. It is the only team from India to win this award.
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