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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

22 Oct 2020

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Sindh Cops Revolt against Pakistan Army

  • In a show of open defiance against the Pakistan army, police officers in Karachi threatened to go on mass leave after the Sindh police chief was allegedly kidnapped and coerced to act against PML (N) vice-president Maryam Nawaz Sharif.
  • Sources in Islamabad said that with the ongoing tussle between Opposition and the Army, Pakistan was slipping into a civil war-like situation.
  • The Sindh police alleged they were pressured to arrest Maryam's husband Safdar Awan. Sindh is headed by CM Syed Murad Ali Shah of the Pakistan People's Party.
  • The Sindh police had arrested Safdar Awan, who's the son-in-law of exiled former Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif, from a hotel in Karachi.

Taiwan Not Seeking Arms Race with China

  • Taiwan is not seeking to get involved in an arms race with China but does need a credible combat capability, Defence Minister Yen De-fa said after the United States approved a potential $1.8 billion arms sale to the Chinese-claimed island.
  • Beijing has applied increasing pressure on democratically-ruled Taiwan to accept China's sovereignty, including by flying fighter jets across the sensitive mid-line of the Taiwan Strait, which normally serves as an unofficial buffer.
  • The latest US arms package includes sensors, missiles and artillery, and further congressional notifications are expected for drones made by General Atomics and land-based Harpoon anti-ship missiles, made by Boeing Co, to serve as coastal defence cruise missiles.

EU and Britain to Resume Trade Talks

  • Britain will resume talks with the European Union (EU), marking a new push by the two sides to protect billions of dollars worth of trade from the beginning of next year.
  • Prime Minister Boris Johnson walked away from the negotiations late last week after British officials criticised conclusions from an EU summit, which they said that suggested only London should compromise to try to secure a new trade deal.
  • With just 10 weeks until a status quo Brexit transition period due to end, both sides have traded blame and called on each other to offer more concessions in the talks, which have been all but deadlocked since the summer.
  • But while markets welcomed the resumption, it is unclear whether the two sides can bridge gaps on fair competition guarantees —especially state aid rules —and fisheries, a sector laden with symbolism for Brexit supporters in Britain.
View Month Wise

ENVIRONMENT

State of Global Air Report 2020

  • The State of Global Air report 2020 was released by US based institutes. These institutes were Health Effects Institute and Institute for Health metrics and evaluation. The report has been created based on data from ground monitors and satellites
  • According to the report, India recorded the highest PM 2.5 exposure in the world in 2019. India was followed by Nepal and Niger.
  • India is one of the top 10 countries that has highest Ozone exposure. With the recorded the highest Ozone exposure followed by Nepal and India. In the past 10 years the Ozone concentration in India has increased by 17 %. Globally Ozone exposure has increased from 47.3 part per billion to 49.5 parts per billion.
  • India had the highest number of Infant deaths due to air pollution. India was followed by Nigeria, Pakistan and Ethiopia. In 2019, more than hundred and sixteen thousand children died within the month of their birth due to exposure to air pollution.
  • Around 1.67 million deaths occurred in India due to long term exposure of outdoor pollution. The total death in the world in this category was 6.7 million.
  • Air pollution is the fourth highest risk in creating death out of 87 health risk factors.
  • Out of the 20 most populous countries 14 had improved in air quality. However, countries such as India, Niger, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Japan recorded modest increase in pollution levels.
View Month Wise

BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

World Economic Forum: The Future of Jobs Report, 2020

  • The world economic forum released the third edition of the future of jobs report 2020. According to the report, the Covid-19 and its impacts will disrupt more than 85 million jobs by 2025.
  • The report is based on the future of jobs. The report has been prepared by the forum based on the projections of senior business leaders from more than 300 global firms. These global leaders together employ over a million of workers.
  • As per the report, the automation and new division of labour between the machines and humans will be the major reason for disruption of jobs in the next five years.
  • According to the report, 50 percentage of the workers in the world require reskilling in order to secure their jobs in the next five years. The acceleration of technology might increase global inequality and reduce income of the workers. The most affected due to the acceleration of technology will be the young people, women and low skilled workers.
  • The report lists 20 market of tomorrow. These markets have the potential of transforming the economy in the future. They are antiviral, spaceflight, skills capital, water rights and quality credits, genes and DNA sequences, drugs, reskilling services, artificial intelligence, greenhouse gas allowances, satellite services, reforestation services and hydrogen.

Ola to Set up New Tech Centre in Pune

  • Ride hailing platform Ola plans to set up a new technology centre in Pune and hire about 1,000 engineers over the next few years.
  • As per reports, the tech centre in Pune will be the second such centre for the company in India after Bengaluru, and will cater to global and local solutions for all businesses of Ola across the group.
  • The Pune facility - which will be operational by the end of this quarter - will help create jobs for 1,000 skilled technology professionals over the next three years.
  • In June last year, Ola had opened an Advanced Technology Centre in San Francisco Bay to accelerate its work across electric and connected vehicles.
  • Pune is well-known for its tech talent and IT infrastructure, making it a favoured destination for many tech-led companies like Ola.

SAT Stays SEBI Penalty against LIC,SBI and BOB

  • The Securities Appellate Tribunal (SAT) has stayed a penalty the market regulator had imposed on three public-sector units for their supposed failure to comply with mutual fund regulations.
  • The Securities and Exchange Board of India had in August imposed a fine of Rs. 10 lakh each on Life Insurance Corp (LIC), State Bank of India (SBI), and Bank of Baroda (BoB) in a matter related to UTI Mutual Fund.
  • In its August order, SEBI observed that SBI, LIC and BOB were the sponsors of SBI Mutual Fund, LIC Mutual Fund and Baroda Mutual Fund, respectively, and they also hold more than 10% in these mutual funds. In addition, LIC, SBI and BoB are also sponsors of UTI MF and hold more than 10% stake individually in the asset management company (AMC) and the trustee company of UTI MF.
  • This ownership pattern was in conflict with a new set of MF ownership norms introduced by SEBI in March 2018. Under the new rules, a shareholder or a sponsor owning at least 10% stake in a fund house is not allowed to have 10 % or more stake in another mutual fund house operating in the country. Sebi had given time until March 2019 for the entities to comply with this new requirement.
  • However, currently all the three entities are in compliance with the SEBI requirements as they diluted their stakes through the initial public offering (IPO) of UTI MF. The share sale concluded on October 1, post which the stake of BOB, SBI and LIC came down to 9.99% each.
View Month Wise

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

India-Nigeria Space Cooperation

  • The Union Cabinet approved the Memorandum of Understanding signed between the Indian Space Research Organisation and the National Space Research and Development agency of Nigeria.
  • The agreements were signed in June 2020 at Bengaluru and in August 2020 at Abuja Nigeria. The agreements enable cooperation between the countries in the areas such as
  • 1. Satellite communication
  • 2. Satellite based navigation
  • 3. Remote Sensing of the earth
  • 4. Space systems and ground systems
  • 5. Practical applications of space technology
  • Under the agreement a joint working group is to be set up by drawing members from the national space research and development agency of Nigeria and the ISRO.
  • The agreement will provide impetus to explore new research activities. It will also help to explore possible applications in the field of remote sensing of the earth satellite, Navigation satellite, communication space science and Exploration of outer space.
View Month Wise

SPORTS

Mohammed Siraj First Player in IPL History to Bowl Two Maiden Overs

  • Royal Challengers Bangalore (RCB) pacer Mohammad Siraj created history as he became the first bowler to bowl two maiden overs in an Indian Premier League (IPL) match.
  • Siraj achieved the feat against Kolkata Knight Riders (KKR) at the Sheikh Zayed Stadium in Abu Dhabi. Siraj was seen at his best as his first two overs conceded no runs and he also ended up taking the wickets of Rahul Tripathi and Nitish Rana.
View Month Wise

NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Union Cabinet Approves MoU between India and Malaysia

  • The Union Cabinet chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi approved the Memorandum of Understanding signed between The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India and the Malaysian Institute of Certified Public Accountants. The agreement enables the qualified Chartered Accountants of the countries to join other institutes based on their qualification.
  • Based on the agreement, the countries will exchange information on material changes, continuing professional development policy and other relevant matter.
  • The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India is a statutory body that was established under the Chartered accountants act, 1949. It regulates the profession of Chartered Accountants in India.

Bimal Gurung's Gorkha Janmukti Morcha Pulls Out of NDA Alliance

  • In a major blow to the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) ahead of the 2021 West Bengal Assembly election, the Gorkha Janmukti Morcha, an electoral ally of the National Democratic Alliance (NDA), pulled out of the alliance. Party president Bimal Gurung announced the move in Kolkata.
  • Gurung said that Gorkha Janmukti Morcha is walking out of NDA as BJP-led dispensation did not fulfil its promises. In 2021 Bengal Assembly elections, will support Mamata Banerjee-led TMC and fight against BJP.
  • Three terms we have helped them win. Our vision is to get Gorkhaland and whoever will support the Gorkhaland we will support that party.

Eknath Khadse Resigns from BJP, to Join NCP

  • Veteran Maharashtra BJP leader Eknath Khadse will join the NCP ending days of speculation around his recent flirtations with the Sharad Pawar-led outfit.
  • Khadse had to resign as cabinet minister from the Devendra Fadnavis-led BJP government in Maharashtra in 2016 over allegations of graft and was later denied a ticket to run for Assembly election.
  • NCP leader and state minister Jayant Patil said that Khadse had resigned from the BJP and would be joining the NCP soon.
  • Patil is currently Water Resources Minister in Maharashtra.
View Month Wise

DEFENCE

Final Trial of DRDO-developed Nag Missile Successful

  • India successfully carried out the final trial of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)-developed Nag anti-tank guided missile with a warhead.
  • The test was carried out at the Pokhran field firing ranges in Rajasthan.
  • The missile system is now ready for induction into the Indian Army which has been looking for such a missile system to take down the enemy tanks and other armoured vehicles.
  • The Nag Missile System fired from a Nag Missile Carrier (NAMICA) can take our targets at ranges of 4 to 7 kilometres and is fitted with an advanced seeker to home on to its target.
  • The NAG missile is a third-generation anti-tank guided missile, which has top attack capabilities that can effectively engage and destroy all known enemy tanks during day and night.

INS Kavaratti to be Commissioned into Indian Navy

  • The last of four indigenously-built anti-submarine warfare (ASW) stealth corvettes INS Kavaratti is scheduled to be commissioned into the Indian Navy at Naval Dockyard, Visakhapatnam. It will be commissioned by Army Chief General Manoj Mukund Naravane.
  • INS Kavaratti comes under Project 28 (Kamorta Class). Touted as a potent stealth ASW corvette, Kavaratti is indigenously designed by the Navy's in-house organisation, Directorate of Naval Design (DND).
  • It has been built by Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE), Kolkata. It portrays the growing capability of the Navy, GRSE and the nation in becoming self-reliant through indigenization, thus, accentuating our national objective of "Atmanirbhar Bharat".
View Month Wise

PERSONS IN NEWS

Former Home Minister Nayani Narasimha Passes Away

  • Former Home Minister Nayani Narasimha Reddypassed away at the age of 86. He was a trade union leader and a founder member of State unit of Hind Mazdoor Sabha, one of the five national trade unions.
  • He was diagnosed with pneumonia when he was admitted to Apollo Hospitals on October 13 after he complained of breathlessness. The oxygen levels in his body were found to have dropped sharply.
  • Mr. Narasimha Reddy was born into an agricultural family in Neredugomma village near Devarakonda in erstwhile Nalgonda district. He joined politics attracted by the socialist ideology of Ram Manohar Lohia. He was Janata Party MLA twice from Musheerabad constituency in combined Andhra Pradesh in 1978 and 1985.
  • He plunged into the separate-Telangana movement after K. Chandrasekhar Rao floated the Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS) in 2001. He was actively associated with all the party activities ever since.
  • After the formation of Telangana State in 2014, he was made Home Minister by Mr. Rao. He also handled the subjects of labour and employment. As he was not a member of the Assembly, Mr. Narasimha Reddy was inducted into the Cabinet of Mr. Rao as a Member of the Legislative Council. He was denied party ticket to contest Assembly elections in 2018.

IAF's First Woman Commissioned Officer Dies

  • Wing Commander Dr. Vijayalakshmi Ramanan (retd), the first woman commissioned officer of the Indian Air Force, passed away at the age of 96.
  • Born in February 1924, she did her MBBS and later was commissioned in the Army Medical Corps in August 1955, and was seconded to the Air Force with effect from the same day.
  • She served as a gynaecologist at various Air Force Hospitals. Ramanan was promoted to the rank of Wing Commander in August 1972, and honoured with the Vishist Seva Medal five years later. She retired in February 1979.
  • Her husband late K. V. Ramanan was also an Indian Air Force officer.
View Month Wise

AWARDS AND HONOURS

IGNOU Gets Five Star Rating For Innovations and Startup

  • The Indira Gandhi National Open University, or IGNOU, has been awarded Five Star Rating for Innovation and Startups by the Ministry of Education's Innovation Cell (MIC) for the year 2019-2020. Out of more than a thousand Universities, Institutes and Colleges including Technical Institutes, only 110 have been awarded Five Star rating.
  • IGNOU, Prof. Nageshwar Rao, Vice-Chancellor, IGNOU congratulated all the faculty and staff of the University particularly the NCIDE faculty for taking up several innovative initiatives and said that it is a great achievement for an Open and Distance Learning University.

Founders of Zomato, PolicyBazaar Win IIT Delhi Alumni Awards 2020

  • The Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IIT Delhi) announced this year's alumni award in various domains including Distinguished Alumni Award, Distinguished Alumni Service Award and Graduates of Last Decade (GOLD) Award. The Distinguished Alumni Award under Entrepreneurship were presented to co-founder and group CEO of Policy Bazaar Mr. Yashish Dahiya and founder and CEO of Zomato Mr. Deepinder Goyal.
  • IIT Delhi presented the Distinguished Alumni Award to Professor HV Jagadish of Bernard A Galler Collegiate. The Distinguished Alumni Award was also presented to 1982 batch's Mr. Nemkumar Banthia of Canada Research Chair. Professor Jagadesh and Professor Banthia received the Distinguished Alumni Award for excelling in Teaching and Research.
View Month Wise

GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

Union Cabinet Approves the Adoption of Jammu and Kashmir Panchayati Raj Act

  • The Union Cabinet chaired by the Prime Minister Narendra Modi approved the adoption of Jammu and Kashmir Panchayati Raj Act.
  • The adoption of Panchayati Raj Act will establish the three tier of grassroot level democracy in Jammu and Kashmir. So far, the three-tier system was not in practice in the union territory.
  • After the abrogation of article 370, the people of Jammu and Kashmir will now have the right to elect their local representatives just like the rest of the country. This is the first time in 73 years after independence grassroot level democracy is to be implemented in Jammu and Kashmir region.
  • The Government of India has been implementing several reforms and schemes in order to bring in normalcy in the Jammu and Kashmir region just like the rest of the country after the abrogation of article 370.
  • Panchayati Raj system is a rural local self-government. It was constitutionalised by the 73rd constitutional amendment act 1992.
  • The three levels of Panchayati Raj system are gram panchayat at village level, Mandal Parishad or block Samiti or Panchayat Samiti at block level and Zilla Parishad at district level.
View Month Wise

GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

Scientists Discover New Organ in Throat

  • Scientists in Netherlands have discovered a new organ in human throat during a research on prostate cancer. The scientists of the Netherlands Cancer Institute discovered a set of salivary glands in the upper part of the throat. they have named the organ Tubarial salivary glands.
  • The newly discovered organ is about 1.5 inches in length and is located over a piece of cartilage called torus tubarius. According to the scientist the main function of the organ is to lubricate and moisten the upper throat. It is located right behind the nose and mouth.
  • They have been named as Tubarial glands in reference to their anatomical location. The characteristics of the gland is similar to that of the salivary glands.
  • The organ cannot be seen through conventional methods of medical imaging such as CT scans, ultrasound or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).
  • It was now discovered through Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Imaging using positron emission tomography.

IIT Kharagpur's 'COVIRAP' Gets ICMR Certification

  • 'COVIRAP,' the diagnostic machine developed by the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kharagpur researchers, has been successfully validated for its efficacy in Covid-19 detection by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR).
  • This test has been designed to be fairly easy to conduct and affordable as well and can produce results within one hour.
  • This new testing method implements a highly reliable and accurate molecular diagnostic procedure that can be conducted in an ultra-low-cost portable device unit developed by the research team.
  • The test results are rendered via a custom-made mobile application for dissemination without requiring manual interpretation.

Amenia Mukt Bharat Index

  • The Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare along with UNICEF launched the anaemia Mukt Bharat index. The anaemia Mukt Bharat is an initiative to reduce the prevalence of anaemia in India.
  • Haryana topped the anaemia free India index or the anaemia Mukt Bharat Index with a score of 46.7. The index was released during the eighth governing body meeting of National Health Mission in Chandigarh.
  • The state of Haryana achieved 93% of immunization in the year 2019-20. It is one of the 11 states of India that has achieved the national health policy targets well before 2020. The institute deliveries of the state has increased to 93.7 percentage.
  • Amenia Mukt Bharat scheme aims to reduce the prevalence of anaemia in India. It provides bi weekly iron Folic acid supplementation to all under five children through Asha workers. Also, it provides biannual Deworming for children and adolescents. The scheme also establishes institutional mechanisms for advanced research in anaemia. It also focuses on non-nutritional causes of anaemia.
  • Anemia is caused due to iron deficiency. When a person is anemic, the capacity of his blood cells to carry oxygen decreases. This reduces the productivity of the person which in turn affects the economy of the country. Therefore, it is highly important to cover Anemia under National Health Mission.
View Month Wise

ART AND CULTURE

Archaeologists Find Giant Cat Drawing

  • The Peruvian archaeologists have uncovered a 37 metre-long cat on the famous Nazca lines of Peru. It is a world known UNESCO Heritage site.
  • The Nazca lines consist of hundreds of gigantic geoglyphs that date back more than 2000 years. The newly discovered cat geoglyph is older than the ones discovered earlier. The cat figure was 37 metres long and dates from the Paracas Era 500 BC to 200 AD.
  • The geoglyphs in the region are still intact mainly due to the dry climate of the region.
  • Nazca lines are a group of Geoglyphs that are made on the ground using elements of landscape such as gravel, stones dirt or lumber. The Other figures discovered were Pelican, monkey, hummingbirds, andean Condor and spiders. Apart from these figures there are also the Trapezoids, Triangles, spirals.
  • The lines were discovered in 1927 and the site was declared the UNESCO Heritage site in 1994.
  • The geoglyphs in Peru belongs to the Paracas culture. It approximately belongs to the period between 800 BCE and 100 BCE. The culture is known for its extensive knowledge of water management and irrigation. The people of Paracas era mummified the dead. The dry climate of the region was the main reason for the mummified remains to stay intact even after these many years. The region has a dry climate due to the Peruvian Ocean Current.
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