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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

03 Sep 2020

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Australia Appoints Matthew Hayden as Trade Envoy to India

  • The Australian government appointed former cricketer Matthew Hayden and Indian-origin politician Lisa Singh as trade envoys for advancing business ties with India.
  • Ashok Jacob has been reappointed as chair, and will be joined by three new board members.
  • Lisa Singh, former Labor Party Senator from Tasmania, would be the Deputy Chair. Former Victoria Premier Ted Baillieu and former cricketer Hayden are the other new members.
  • The council plays an important role in advancing Australia's foreign and economic policy interests with India.

Tunisia's Parliament Approves Hichem Mechichi as New Prime Minister

  • Tunisia's Parliament approved Prime Minister-designate Hichem Mechichi's government - the country's third administration in less than a year.
  • Following a 15-hour session, Mechichi's cabinet - dominated by independent technocrats - won 134 votes out of the 217 members of parliament.
  • A former Interior Minister, Mechichi replaces Elyes Fakhfakh, whose government stayed in power for just five months before he resigned as Prime Minister last month after questions over his business dealings.
  • Mechichi proposed a government with 25 ministers and three secretaries of state that includes seven women and a blind man - a first in the country's history.

Switzerland First, India 48th on Global Innovation Index (GII) 2020

  • Marking a major advancement amid the coronavirus pandemic, India has moved up four places to rank 48th in the Global Innovation Index (GII) 2020.
  • Compiled by the World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO), Cornell University and INSEAD business school, the index assessed 131 economies.
  • Switzerland, Sweden, the US, the UK and the Netherlands lead the innovation ranking.
  • South Korea joined the top 10 for the first time while Singapore is at number 8. The top 10 is dominated by high-income countries.
  • India retained the highest rank in the Central and Southern Asian region, followed by Iran.
  • Moving up four positions since last year, India became the third most innovative lower-middle-income economy in the world.
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ENVIRONMENT

Maharashtra Govt. Designates Entire Aarey Land as a Reserve Forest

  • In a significant development, the Maharashtra government decided to apply section 4 of the India Forest Act (IFA) to the Aarey land in Goregaon. The move would mean that the entire Aarey land would be designated as a reserve forest.
  • After a meeting held by Honorable Chief Minister Uddhav Thackeray ji with Aarey, Forest and Environment departments has decided to apply section 4 of the IFA to approximately 600 acres in Aarey land near SGNP. This implies that it would be declared a reserve forest after a hearing for suggestions and objections.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Cabinet Approves MoU between India and Japan for Cooperation in the Field of Good Quality Textiles

  • The Union Cabinet chaired by the Prime Minister Narendra Modi approved for signing of a Memorandum of Understanding between Textiles Committee, India and M/s Nissenken Quality Evaluation Centre, Japan for improving quality and testing of Indian textiles and Clothing for the Japanese market.
  • The MoU would enable M/s Nissenken Quality Evaluation Centre, Japan in assigning Textile Committee as their cooperative Testing and Inspection service providers in the Republic of India for Textiles & Apparel products including Technical Textiles and any other products mutually agreed upon at a later date for both domestic and overseas clients/buyers.

Cabinet Approves Pact between India and Finland for Cooperation in Geology

  • The government approved a memorandum of understanding between India and Finland for cooperation in the field of geology and mineral resources.
  • The decision in this regard was taken at a meeting of the Union Cabinet, headed by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
  • The pact facilitates cooperation in the field of geology, training, mineral prognostication and suitability analysis, seismic and other geophysical surveys among others finalised with the intent of reinforcing and strengthening scientific links between the two organisations.
  • This MoU aims to provide with a framework and a platform to promote and foster cooperation in the fields of geology, and mineral resources between the participants for mutual economic, social and environmental benefit; and share experiences on geological data management and information dissemination to promote exploration and mining, in the areas of geology and mineral resources.
  • Geological Survey of India (GSI) is a premier geo-scientific organisation of international repute for creation and updation of national geo-scientific information and mineral resource assessment.

Govt. Caps Key Export Benefit to Rs. 2 crore Per Exporter

  • The government capped the benefits under the Merchandise Export from India Scheme (MEIS) at Rs. 2 crore per exporter on exports made between September 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020 without changing the coverage of the scheme and the applicable rates.
  • It also said that the new Import Export Code (IEC) obtained on or after September 1 will be ineligible to submit any MEIS claim for exports, and the ceiling would be subject to a downward revision to ensure that the total claim doesn't exceed the allocated Rs. 5,000 crore for the period.
  • Under MEIS, the government provides duty benefits depending on product and country. Rewards under the scheme are payable as percentage of realised free-on-board value (of 2%, 3% and 5%) and MEIS duty credit scrip can be transferred or used for payment of a number of duties including the basic customs duty.
  • The commerce and industry ministry had proposed a fresh round of incentives under the key scheme after the finance ministry said the MEIS failed to deliver the desired result of boosting exports. India's merchandise exports have hovered around $300 billion in the last five years, despite the scheme's liberal application across sectors. The liability under MEIS was around Rs. 45,000 crore in FY20.
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SPORTS

Shree Cement to Acquire Football Club East Bengal

  • Ending months of speculation on the investor front, Kolkata's iconic football club East Bengal has roped in Bangur controlled Shree Cement.
  • The acquisition comes as a shot in the arm for East Bengal which now has a fair chance of entering this year's Indian Super League (ISL).
  • The announcement was made in the presence of West Bengal chief minister Mamata Banerjee, who played a key role in helping the club get over the phase of financial difficulty after the club parted ways with Bengaluru-based Quess Corp.
  • Kolkata-headquartered Shree Cement, amongst the country's largest cement makers will pick-up a majority stake of 76 % in the club.
  • The investments will be made across the board including revamping of the club's operation. The club's logo and jersey colours - it's red and yellow pattern - will be retained.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Govt. Bans 118 Chinese Apps, Including PUBG, over Security Concerns

  • According to the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), India has banned 118 more Chinese apps, including popular multiplayer game PUBG and search engine Baidu, citing them to be security threats. The government invoked its powers under Section 69A of the Information Technology Act and relevant provisions under IT Rules 2009 to block these apps,.
  • MeitY had received complaints regarding the misuse of apps available on Android and iOS for "stealing and surreptitiously" transmitting users' data to servers that were located outside India.
  • As per the government, the move would safeguard the interests of millions of Indian mobile and internet users. "The decision is a targeted move to ensure safety, security, and sovereignty of the Indian cyberspace.
  • Tencent-backed PUBG is a popular gaming app with over 40 million active users in India. It is classified as one of the two unicorn mobile games in India by AppAnnie. The other Chinese-origin apps to have been banned include Alipay, Ludo All Star, WeChat reading and Super Clean, among others.

Mission Karmayogi: Cabinet Approves National Programme for Civil Services Capacity Building

  • The Union Cabinet approved Mission Karmayogi, a national programme for civil services capacity building. Union Minister Prakash Javadekar said that officers and employees in government will get the opportunity to improve their performance with Mission Karmayogi.
  • Mission Karmayogi is constituted to build future-ready civil service with right attitude, skills & knowledge, aligned to the vision of New India. It focuses on competency led capacity building.
  • The programme will prescribe and monitor annual capacity building plans for all departments and services. The digital learning framework (IGOT-Karmayogi Platform) will provide anytime-anywhere learning to 2.5 crore civil servants.
  • The Union Cabinet chaired by the Prime Minister Narendra Modi has approved launching of a National Programme for Civil Services Capacity Building (NPCSCB) with the following institutional framework:-(i) Prime Minister's Public Human Resources (HR) Council, (ii) Capacity Building Commission, (iii) Special Purpose Vehicle for owning and operating the digital assets and the technological platform for online training, (iv) Coordination Unit headed by the Cabinet Secretary.

India Demands Permanent Removal of Jammu and Kashmir Issue from UNSC

  • India in its statement in the Report of the Security Council for 2019 has demanded Kashmir's permanent removal from the United Nations Security Council's agenda, something Pakistan keeps on raking.
  • In the statement, India also hit out at Pakistan and said that a delegation keeps pushing for discussions on an outdated agenda item in the Council which for all matter needs to be removed from the Council's agenda permanently.
  • Since the abrogation of special status for the erstwhile state of Jammu and Kashmir and bifurcation into 2 Union Territories in August 2019, Pakistan along with China have tried to raise the matter three times.
  • The attempts have met with failure with informal closed-door discussions happening with no outcomes and other members of the council reiterating that Kashmir is a bilateral India-Pakistan issue.
  • India in its statement also highlighted how Islamabad has attempted to rebrand itself as contributing to international peace but unfortunately fails to recognize that it is globally known for being the fountainhead of international terror and the hub for terror syndicates.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

Kshatrapati Shivaji Takes Up India's Top Statistical Post

  • The Government of India appointed Kshatrapati Shivaji, a 1986-batch Maharashtra cadre IAS officer, as secretary in the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI). The secretary at this ministry is, by design, known as the chief statistician of India.
  • But he has only been given additional charge to head India's statistical system, and the government has not appointed a full-time chief statistician yet. Shivaji will continue to lead the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions as his main charge until his superannuation at the end of March 2021.
  • The interesting bit is that the Cabinet post for this ministry is held by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
  • This is the second instance when a secretary at this ministry will oversee India's statistical system. In 2018, when T. C. A. Anant quit as the then chief statistician, the Modi government had given the top job for government statistics to the then secretary in this very ministry, K. V. Eapen.

IRDAI Set Up 6 Member Working Group Headed by Dinesh Pant

  • Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) formed a 6-member working group headed by Dinesh Pant, appointed actuary of Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) to scrutinize various aspects for allowing the life insurance companies to offer index linked products.
  • The regulations of IRDAI does not permit the insurance companies to offer or sell the index linked products.
  • The insurers requested IRDAI to permit them to sell the index linked products.
  • Considering the request of the life insurers, the working group has been constituted to study the aspects of index linked products in the life insurance segment.
  • The working group of 6 members headed by Dinesh Pant, includes Anil Kumar Singh, Jose C. John, Manish Kumar, Y. Srinivasa Rao, and DNK LNK Chakravarthi.
View Month Wise

GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

Honeybee Venom 'Kills Some Breast Cancer Cells

  • Australian scientists say the venom from honeybees has been found to destroy aggressive breast cancer cells in a lab setting.
  • The venom - and a compound in it called melittin - were used against two cancer types which are hard to treat: triple-negative and HER2-enriched.
  • The discovery has been described as "exciting", but scientists caution that further testing is needed.
  • Breast cancer is the most common cancer affecting women around the world.
  • While there are thousands of chemical compounds which can fight cancer cells in a lab setting, scientists say there are few which can be produced as treatment for humans.
  • Bee venom has previously been found to have anti-cancer properties for other types of cancer such as melanoma.

Sixty-three Indian Universities Qualify for 2021's Times Higher Education World University Rankings

  • A record number of 63 Indian universities, up from 56 last year, have qualified for the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2021, with an additional 14 universities qualifying since last year, more than in any other country or region. However, like last year, not a single Indian institute has made it to the top 300 list.
  • The Indian Institute of Science Bangalore has ranked first among the Indian institutes (301-350 band overall), followed by IIT Ropar (351-400) and IIT Indore (401-500) in second and third spots respectively. The latter two institutes have slipped in the rankings since last year.
  • Of the Indian institutions making their debut in this year's rankings, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi, King George's Medical University, and Mahatma Gandhi University rank highest (601-800 band).
  • India's improved overall representation comes despite the fact that in April, seven first-generation IITs including Delhi, Bombay, Kharagpur and Madras took a decision not to participate in the rankings this year, citing lack of transparency. They said that they would reconsider next year if Times Higher Education was able to convince them about the parameters and transparency in the ranking process.
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