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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS - December 2025

Dec 2025

Dec 02, 2025

India Re-Elected to UNESCO Executive Board for 2025-29 Term

  • India once again secured a seat on the UNESCO Executive Board for the 2025–2029 term, marking a reaffirmation of its growing global leadership in promoting education, culture, science, and communication through multilateral cooperation. The announcement was made by the Permanent Delegation of India to UNESCO, highlighting that India's re-election reflects the global community's confidence in its sustained and meaningful contribution to UNESCO's mandate and its commitment to inclusive and human-centric development.
  • The Executive Board is one of the three constitutional organs of UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation). It plays a key role in,
  • Overseeing the implementation of decisions by the General Conference
  • Preparing the work programme and budget
  • Guiding the overall strategy and policy-making process
  • Comprising 58 member states, the board is responsible for ensuring that UNESCO's decisions are translated into action.

Canada Joins EU Defence Fund as the Country Pivots Away from the US

  • Canada joined a major European Union defence fund, Prime Minister Mark Carney's office said, as the country looks to diversify its military spending away from the United States.
  • The plan allows Canadian defence companies access to a 150 billion euro ($170 billion) EU loan program, known as Security Action for Europe, or SAFE. That would allow Canadians firms to secure cheap, EU-backed loans to procure military equipment.

India Re-Elected to IMO Council with Highest Votes

  • India achieved a major diplomatic and maritime milestone in 2025, as it was re-elected to the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) Council in Category B, securing 154 out of 169 valid votes — the highest vote tally in its category. This marked India's second consecutive term as the top-voted nation in Category B, solidifying its growing role as a global maritime power. The election took place during the 34th IMO Assembly held in London, and India's performance reinforces its emergence as a policy influencer in international shipping, backed by the Amrit Kaal Maritime Vision 2047.
  • The IMO Council is the executive arm of the International Maritime Organisation, responsible for supervising the organisation's work between sessions of the IMO Assembly.
  • The Council is divided into three categories,
  • Category A: Countries with the largest interest in providing international shipping services
  • Category B: Countries with the largest interest in international seaborne trade
  • Category C: Countries with special interests in maritime transport or navigation
  • India serves in Category B, alongside major trading powers such as Germany, France, Canada, UAE, Australia, Spain, Sweden, Netherlands, and Brazil.

Dec 01, 2025

India's Rise: Third Place in Asia Power Index 2025

  • India secured third ranking in Asia Power Index 2025 while the United States and China occupied the first and second spot respectively, a globally reputed think tank said in its findings.
  • Lowy Institute, the Australia-based think tank released its annual Asia Power Index in November which assessed the ability of nations, particularly of those in the Asian continent, to influence their external environment.
  • As per its rankings, India was much ahead of its peers but stayed behind China with a big difference. Both India and China scored better in various metrics and improved their standing than before. Russia improved its overall power in Asia for the first time since 2019.
  • The seventh edition of the Asia Power Index evaluated the power of 27 countries and territories across Asia, based on 131 indicators across eight thematic measures, including Military Capability and Defence Networks, Economic Capability and Relationships, Diplomatic and Cultural Influence, as well as Resilience and Future Resources.
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