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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY - July 2025

Jul 2025

Nov 18, 2025

Karnataka Launches KEO, an Affordable AI PC

The Karnataka government launched KEO (knowledge-driven, economical, open-source), a personal computer powered by RISC-V processors and a Linux-based operating system. IT-BT (IT and biotech) minister Priyanak Kharge said that these affordable "AI-ready computers" aim to address the digital divide in the state. He added that Karnataka stands at only 15%, far below what's required for modern education and digital-first jobs.
Positioned as a low-cost, open-source device, KEO comes with 4G, wi-fi, USB-A, USB-C, and HDMI ports, and an audio jack. It also includes an on-device AI core and is preloaded with BUDDH, an AI agent trained on the Karnataka DSERT (department of state education research and training) syllabus to support students in low-connectivity areas.

SpaceX Launches NASA's Sentinel-6BA Satellite to Monitor Sea leVel Change

SpaceX launched NASA's Sentinel-6B satellite aimed at monitoring sea level change, the US space agency said.
Sentinel-6B is an Earth-observing satellite jointly developed by NASA and US and European partners to observe the ocean and measure sea level rise. The satellite will build on over 30 years of sea level data to improve weather forecasts.
It will help improve coastal planning, protect critical infrastructure, and advance weather forecasts.
This is the second Sentinel-6 satellite Falcon 9 launched after delivering the Sentinel-6 Michael Freilich satellite to orbit in November 2020.
Sentinel-6B will deliver data on about 90 per cent of Earth's ocean, providing direct benefits to humanity.

Nov 17, 2025

ISRO to Triple Spacecraft Output, Launch Chandrayaan-4 in 2028

ISRO is gearing up for one of its busiest times with seven more launches planned this financial year, even as India's first human spaceflight remains scheduled for 2027, its chairman V. Narayanan said.
Narayanan said that ISRO is targeting seven more launches before the end of the current financial year, including a commercial communication satellite, and multiple PSLV and GSLV missions. A milestone will be the launch of the first PSLV manufactured entirely by the Indian industry.
The government has approved the Chandrayaan-4 mission, designed as a lunar sample-return mission and it will be India's most complex lunar endeavour yet.
The Chandrayaan-4 mission is targeted for 2028.

Nov 16, 2025

India to Build World's Deepest Underwater Lab at 6,000 Metres - A Global First!

In a bold stride towards advancing deep-sea science, India announced plans to construct the world's deepest underwater research laboratory at a depth of 6,000 metres beneath the Indian Ocean. This cutting-edge facility will form a key part of India's Vision 2047, marking the nation's 100th year of independence with a global scientific milestone.
The deep-sea habitat is envisioned as an oceanic version of the International Space Station (ISS). Initially, the mission will begin with a demonstrator module at 500 metres, designed to host three scientists underwater for over 24 hours. This will test life-support systems, pressure resistance, and logistical support mechanisms.
Once proven viable, this demonstrator will pave the way for the 6,000-metre full-scale habitat, which will be the deepest ever human-occupied research structure in marine history.

Nov 15, 2025

Andhra Teen Selected for 2029 Space Mission Training

A 17-year-old girl from Andhra Pradesh, Kunchala Kaivalya Reddy, achieved a remarkable milestone by being selected for a prestigious astronaut training programme in the United States. Her journey, starting from the town of Nidadavole in East Godavari district, now leads her to a four-year elite training that could put her into orbit by 2029. This development showcases India's growing participation in international space collaborations and puts a spotlight on the aspirations and talents emerging from small-town India.
Her selection was officially confirmed through a personal message from the CEO of the organizing space agency — a moment of immense pride for her family and school.
The programme, scheduled to take place in Florida from 2026 to 2029, is part of a rigorous astronaut development track conducted by Titans Space Industries. It includes,
Advanced spaceflight simulations
Survival training
Technical instruction in orbital mechanics, spacecraft systems, and zero-gravity adaptation

Nov 14, 2025

India's First MWh-Scale Vanadium Redox Flow Battery (VRFB)

Union Minister for Power and Housing & Urban Affairs inaugurated India's first megawatt-hour (MWh) scale Vanadium Redox Flow Battery (VRFB) in Greater Noida.
The 3 MWh Vanadium Redox Flow Battery (VRFB) is developed by National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC)'s NETRA (National Energy Technology Research Alliance)
It aims to demonstrate Long Duration Energy Storage (LDES) technology for large-scale renewable energy integration and grid stability.

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