General Awareness

LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS - July 2025

Jul 2025

Nov 05, 2026

India-Kazakhstan sign extradition treaty in renewed agreement

India and Kazakhstan signed an extradition treaty in early November 2026 to strengthen cooperation against international crime and terrorism. Kazakhstan’s Prosecutor General Berik Assylov and India’s Ambassador to Kazakhstan Y.K. Sailas Thangal signed the document. The treaty provides a framework for extraditing individuals sought for criminal prosecution or to serve court sentences, complementing existing mutual legal assistance and transfer of sentenced persons agreements. India’s Union Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, approved signing and ratification of extradition treaties with Kazakhstan on 26 August 2026. The 2009 treaty remains in force; the November 2026 development is described as renewed, with no further details.

Extradition treaty signed in early November 2026.
Framework for extradition for criminal prosecution or sentence service.
Coincides with renewed commitment; previous 2009 treaty exists.
Over 600 Indian companies operate in Kazakhstan; about 10,000 Indian students in 2025-26.

Oct 25, 2026

National Conference on Co-operative Federalism and Law Reforms held in Delhi

The 23rd Law Commission of India organised the National Conference on Co-operative Federalism and Law Reforms: National and State Perspectives at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi, in October 2026. The conference was inaugurated by Vice-President C. P. Radhakrishnan, with Union Minister of State for Law and Justice Arjun Ram Meghwal in attendance. Delegates from State Law Commissions, jurists, policymakers, and scholars discussed constitutional governance, legal reforms, Centre–State relations, and institutional coordination, while emphasising state autonomy. The event aimed to generate policy inputs to strengthen coordination between the Union and states and to streamline legal reforms across jurisdictions.

Organizer and venue: 23rd Law Commission of India, Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi.
Date: October 2026; inauguration by Vice-President C. P. Radhakrishnan.
Participants: State Law Commissions, jurists, policymakers, scholars.
Themes: Constitutional governance, legal reforms, Centre–State relations.
Aim: Improve coordination while respecting State autonomy.
Output: Policy inputs for faster constitutional governance.

Oct 21, 2026

India to host 61st CIML meeting in New Delhi

India will host the 61st Meeting of the International Committee of Legal Metrology (CIML) for the first time in New Delhi from 26 to 28 October 2026. The event is organized by the Department of Consumer Affairs in collaboration with the International Organization of Legal Metrology (OIML). It is expected to attract more than 100 international delegates and experts. Discussions will cover measurement standards, digitalisation, international trade, and consumer protection. The meeting will provide a platform for exchanges on weights and measures, standardisation, and harmonisation of metrology practices across economies, showcasing India’s governance in this field.

61st CIML meeting hosted by India in New Delhi, 26–28 October 2026.
Organised by Department of Consumer Affairs and OIML.
Expected attendance: over 100 international delegates.
Topics: measurement standards, digitalisation, trade, consumer protection.
Highlights India’s role in metrology governance.

CBDT introduces Form 173A for tax exemption claims

The Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) introduced Form 173A on 19 October 2026 under the Income-tax (Seventh Amendment) Rules, 2026. The form is mandatory for eligible foreign institutional investors (FIIs) and the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) to claim income-tax exemptions on interest and capital gains from government securities. It requires disclosures of securities holdings, transactions, and income to improve tax transparency and compliance. The new requirement aims to enable better monitoring of tax exemptions granted to specific entities, while noting that exemptions do not apply to ordinary retail investors. Taxpayers should align their reporting processes accordingly. The CBDT said additional guidelines would follow.

Form 173A introduced on 19 October 2026 by CBDT.
Mandatory for FIIs and BIS to claim exemptions on government securities.
Requires disclosures of holdings, transactions and income.
Aims to improve tax transparency and compliance.
Exemptions do not apply to ordinary retail investors.

Oct 12, 2026

Ambaji Mohanthal Prasad Receives GI Tag

Ambaji Mohanthal Prasad, a traditional sweet from the Ambaji Temple region in Gujarat, received a Geographical Indication tag in October 2026. The GI registration is under Class 30, covering sweets and confectionery. Mihir Patel, Banaskantha district collector and managing trustee of the Ambaji Temple Trust, received the GI certificate on behalf of the producers. The recognition protects the sweet's unique recipe, geographical origin, and traditional production methods, helping prevent unfair competition and supporting the livelihoods of local artisans. The GI tag aligns with national efforts to preserve regional food heritage and strengthen local branding for heritage products.

GI tag granted to Ambaji Mohanthal Prasad (Class 30).
Certificate presented to Mihir Patel, Banaskantha Collector.
Protection of origin, recipe, and production methods.
Aims to support local artisans and regional branding.
Part of broader efforts to preserve regional food heritage.

Oct 07, 2026

Jual Oram inaugurates National Conclave on Tribal Constitutional Rights

Union Minister of Tribal Affairs Jual Oram inaugurated the National Conclave on Constitutional Rights and Legal Provisions for Tribal Communities in New Delhi on 6 October 2026. The two‑day conclave, organized by the Ministry of Tribal Affairs, gathered more than 75 delegates from around 30 states and union territories. Discussions focused on strengthening constitutional safeguards, improving legal awareness, and ensuring better access to protection, welfare schemes and public services for tribal communities. The event aims to harmonise policy, law and delivery to support inclusive development and uphold tribal rights under the constitution.

National Conclave on Tribal Constitutional Rights opened on 6 October 2026.
Inaugurated by Union Minister Jual Oram in New Delhi.
Two‑day event with 75 delegates from about 30 states/UTs.
Topics include safeguards, legal awareness and access to schemes.
Aims to strengthen policy delivery for tribal communities.

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