General Awareness

ENVIRONMENT - December 2024

Dec 2024

Feb 09, 2026

Two new marine worm species discovered off West Bengal coast

Two new species of marine worms have been discovered along the heavily impacted coast of West Bengal, in the districts of Purba Medinipur’s Digha and Bankiput. Scientists from the Zoological Survey of India (ZSI), collaborating with international experts, identified the specimens during surveys of intertidal and shallow subtidal zones. The new species extend the known biodiversity of the northern Bay of Bengal and underline both resilience and vulnerability of coastal ecosystems under industrial pressures. Researchers note that these worms contribute to sediment stability and nutrient cycling, making their study important for conservation planning. The formal description appears in a peer‑reviewed journal, with specimens deposited in national collections.

Location: Digha and Bankiput, Purba Medinipur, West Bengal
Researchers: Zoological Survey of India with international collaborators
Finding: two new marine worm species identified
Significance: sheds light on biodiversity amid pollution
Impact: worms aid sediment stability and nutrient cycling

Feb 05, 2026

NTPC Green Energy and Assago sign MoU for green urea project

NTPC Green Energy Limited and Assago Industries Pvt. Ltd. signed a strategic Memorandum of Understanding to develop India’s first large-scale indigenous green urea production ecosystem within the Green Hydrogen Hub at Pudimadaka, Andhra Pradesh. Senior officials from NGEL, NTPC, and Assago attended the signing, signaling a major step toward sustainable fertilizer manufacturing. The project aims to integrate green ammonia and other clean energy solutions to enable low-emission urea production, reduce import dependence, and boost energy security. This collaboration aligns with national goals to expand green energy infrastructure and decarbonise industry.

MoU between NGEL and Assago for green urea production.
Location: Pudimadaka, Andhra Pradesh within the Green Hydrogen Hub.
Aim: indigenous, large-scale green urea with green ammonia integration.
Supports India’s push for sustainable energy and fertilizer security.

Feb 04, 2026

Kochi airport to become first in India with hydrogen-powered bus fleet

Cochin International Airport Limited (CIAL) will lead India by operating hydrogen-powered buses for passenger transport. The agreement was signed with the Kerala Hydrogen Valley Innovation Cluster (HVIC) Foundation last Sunday, witnessed by Electricity Minister K. Krishnankutty and Industries Minister P. Rajeeve. The MoA envisions a zero-emission fleet to improve airport mobility and reduce pollution. The development aligns with broader state and national goals to promote green energy and sustainable transport in public infrastructure, signaling a transition toward cleaner, technology-driven mobility solutions for large-scale operations.

CIAL to run hydrogen-powered passenger buses.
MoA signed with Kerala HVIC Foundation.
Officials cite zero-emission benefits and cleaner mobility.
Part of broader Kerala and national green transport push.
Marks a significant shift toward sustainable airport infrastructure.

HPCL flags off SAKSHAM 2026 to promote fuel conservation

Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL), in collaboration with major oil and gas companies, flagged off SAKSHAM 2026 to promote fuel conservation and prudent use of petroleum products. The program runs until 15 February at Laxmi Nagar under the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas. Activities include a panel discussion with industry leaders, a walkathon, and a student quiz. More than 300 school students joined the walkathon alongside senior officials from oil and gas companies. SAKSHAM 2026 aims to raise awareness about energy efficiency and responsible consumption across the country.

SAKSHAM 2026 launched by HPCL and partners.
Event runs until 15 February at Laxmi Nagar.
Includes panel discussions, walkathon, and student quiz.
Over 300 students participated in the outreach activity.
Focus on fuel conservation and prudent energy use.

Feb 03, 2026

Last 48 hours must-know: key India-focused developments (2–3 February 2026)

Must-know developments in India over the last 48 hours include global discussions on World Wetlands Day activities and themes, ongoing preparations for the India AI Impact Summit 2026 (19–20 February, with a parallel Research Symposium on 18 February), and updates on DRAP’s efforts to remediate legacy dumpsites ahead of the October 2026 target. In addition, reports indicate progress under the Gyan Bharatam manuscript preservation program, with digitisation milestones and budget allocations being reviewed in Parliament. These items reflect India’s focus on environmental stewardship, AI governance, urban waste management, and cultural heritage conservation.

World Wetlands Day 2026 theme and events highlighted.
India AI Impact Summit 2026 preparations underway.
DRAP progress toward ‘Lakshya Zero Dumpsites’ target.
Gyan Bharatam digitisation milestones and funding updates.
Cultural heritage conservation and governance themes.

New orchid species discovered in Kanthalloor, Kerala, highlighting biodiversity

Scientists announced the discovery of a new orchid species in Kerala’s Kanthalloor region during January 2026 fieldwork. The finding adds to the Western Ghats’ biodiversity, a recognised hotspot, and underscores the continued potential for undiscovered flora in India’s forested landscapes. Orchids are highly sensitive indicators of ecosystem health, and this discovery stimulates interest in conservation and habitat preservation. The Kanthalloor site sits within the ecological mosaic of the Western Ghats, an area of high endemism and ongoing scientific exploration. Further taxonomic study and habitat assessments are planned to understand the species’ distribution and ecological role.

New orchid species found in Kanthalloor, Kerala.
Highlights Western Ghats biodiversity.
Orchids serve as ecosystem health indicators.
Further studies planned on distribution and habitat.

Gujarat leads India in renewable energy capacity with 42.583 GW by December 2025

Gujarat emerged as India’s leading state in renewable energy capacity by December 2025, accounting for 16.50 percent of the national total with an installed capacity of 42.583 gigawatts. Under Chief Minister Bhupendra Patel, Gujarat topped wind and overall installed capacity, while ranking second in solar. The state’s renewable growth supports India’s climate commitments and energy security goals. The data underscores the accelerated clean-energy transition in western India and highlights Gujarat’s role in meeting national targets for decarbonisation, grid stability, and affordable electricity for industries and households.

Gujarat installed 42.583 GW by Dec 2025.
16.50% of national renewable capacity.
Leads in wind; second in solar capacity.
Supports India’s climate commitments.

Government targets zero dumpsites under DRAP by October 2026

India’s urban cleanliness drive, under Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban 2.0, includes the Dumpsite Remediation Accelerator Programme (DRAP) with a Lakshya of eliminating legacy dumpsites by October 2026. MoHUA launched DRAP at the National Urban Conclave, prioritising 214 high-impact sites across 202 urban local bodies. The programme has already remediated many dumpsites and reclaimed land for parks and infrastructure. DRAP allocates funding on a per-tonne remediation basis and supports capacity-building through the National Institute of Urban Affairs. The initiative aligns with broader waste management and public health objectives, aiming to modernise Indian cities and reduce environmental risks.

DRAP launched Nov 2025; target: Lakshya Zero Dumpsites by Oct 2026.
Focus on 214 high-impact sites; 202 ULBs involved.
Financial support per tonne of legacy waste remediation.
Aims to reclaim urban land for public use.

CIAL to operate hydrogen-powered buses as part of green mobility push

Cochin International Airport Ltd (CIAL) will become India’s first airport to operate hydrogen-powered buses for passenger transport, signaling a notable step in green mobility. The project is aligned with Kerala’s broader push toward clean energy and low-emission transport. A memorandum of agreement with the Kerala Hydrogen Valley Innovation Cluster Foundation was exchanged in Kochi, with officials from the National Green Hydrogen Mission participating. The initiative is expected to reduce emissions, showcase hydrogen as a viable transport fuel, and accelerate the adoption of sustainable public mobility at major transport hubs.

Hydrogen-powered buses planned for airport use.
MOA with Kerala Hydrogen Valley Foundation.
Part of National Green Hydrogen Mission goals.
Aims to cut emissions at airport operations.

India to host first Global Big Cat Summit with 95 participating nations

India will host the first Global Big Cat Summit later in 2026, gathering heads of government and ministers from 95 countries to discuss conservation strategies for big cats. The summit, linked to the International Big Cat Alliance (IBCA), aims to boost tiger landscapes and eco-tourism, with a focus on habitat protection, governance, and international collaboration. The event, anticipated to attract global attention, could shape policy and funding for tiger reserves and related biodiversity initiatives. Officials expect robust participation from governments, wildlife agencies, researchers, and conservation NGOs.

Global Big Cat Summit planned for 2026 in India.
Participants from 95 countries; linked to IBCA.
Focus on habitat protection, governance, and tourism.
Potential funding and policy implications for tiger reserves.

Feb 02, 2026

Patna Bird Sanctuary and Chhari-Dhand Added to India's Ramsar List Ahead of World Wetlands Day

India expanded its Ramsar wetlands list on 2 February 2026, ahead of World Wetlands Day. Union Environment Minister Bhupender Yadav announced on X that Patna Bird Sanctuary in Etah district, Uttar Pradesh, and Chhari-Dhand in Kutch district, Gujarat, have been designated Ramsar sites. The two additions reinforce India’s commitment to wetland conservation and biodiversity. Patna Bird Sanctuary protects habitat for migratory and resident birds in an arid landscape, while Chhari-Dhand features a lake ecosystem and desert wildlife. The designation is expected to support better protection, ecotourism, and community involvement in wetland management. Prime Minister Narendra Modi congratulated local communities on the designation.

Two new Ramsar sites designated: Patna Bird Sanctuary (Etah, Uttar Pradesh) and Chhari-Dhand (Kutch, Gujarat).
Designation announced on 2 February 2026, coinciding with World Wetlands Day.
Announcement made by Union Environment Minister Bhupender Yadav via X.
Patna Bird Sanctuary hosts migratory and resident birds; Chhari-Dhand hosts lake ecosystems and desert wildlife.

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