General Awareness

LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS - August 2024

Aug 2024

Aug 06, 2024

Amit Shah Launches E-Sakshya, Nyaya Setu, Nyaya Shruti and E-Summon App

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Amit Shah launched the e-Sakshya, Nyaya Setu, Nyaya Shruti and e-Summon apps for the three new criminal laws in Chandigarh. The Governor of Punjab and Administrator of Chandigarh, Gulab Chand Kataria, and the Union Home Secretary were among the dignitaries present on the occasion.
With e-Sakshya, investigating officers can record videos and take photographs of crime scenes as needed. The application also allows officers to gather information from witnesses and record their statements. Once the recording is complete, all information is securely transmitted to an evidence locker and linked to the charge sheet, which is then made available to the court electronically. These recordings and photographs can also be downloaded for use by prosecutors and defence lawyers.
The second tool, Nyaya Shruti, facilitates court hearings through electronic medium. This automated system is connected with the police, prisons, prosecution, forensics, and designated access points. Whenever the court issues a summons or warrant, an alert is sent to the domain application, and a video conferencing link for judicial hearings is provided to all relevant individuals and officers.
The third application, e-Summon, handles the electronic compliance of legal orders. Through this facility, legal orders such as summons and warrants issued by the court are electronically transmitted to the police. These orders are then distributed to the relevant officers via their mobile devices. The officers deliver the orders to the specified addresses and obtain the recipient's signature upon delivery.

Aug 05, 2024

Madras High Court Declares Section 77-A of the Registration Act Unconstitutional

In a landmark judgment, the Madras High Court declared Section 77-A of the Registration Act, 1908, unconstitutional. The contentious section, introduced through a 2022 State amendment, granted District Registrars extensive quasi-judicial powers to cancel property documents registered under fraudulent circumstances or with forged documents.
Justices S. S. Sundar and N. Senthilkumar presided over the case, stemming from a cluster of approximately 200 writ petitions challenging the amendment. The justices criticized the excessive powers conferred upon District Registrars, noting that such powers could lead to "unimaginable hardship and irretrievable damage" to the real owners of properties, impacting many across the state.
The Court highlighted that while Section 77-A might provide a swift remedy in isolated incidents, its broader implications could destabilise property ownership, turning numerous properties litigious without adequate judicial oversight. The existing sections, 22-A and 22-B of the Act, already empower officials to refuse registration of certain documents, but Section 77-A extended these powers to cancel already registered documents, a move the court found overreaching.

Aug 04, 2024

Delhi High Court Forms Committee to Examine, Reform City's Administrative, Physical, Financial In...

The Delhi High Court constituted a committee to revamp and reform the administrative, financial and physical infrastructure in the national capital.
A Division Bench Acting Chief Justice Manmohan and Justice Tushar Rao Gedela passed the order after noting that Delhi is going from one crisis to another and multiple authorities in the city are only passing the buck.
The Court said that the Committee will be headed by the Delhi Chief Secretary and will have the Delhi Police Commissioner, the Vice-Chairman of the Delhi Development Authority (DDA) and the Commissioner of the Municipal Corporation of Delhi as its members.

Aug 03, 2024

Supreme Court Bats for Separate Debts Recovery Tribunal for Jammu & Kashmir

The Supreme Court asked the Central government to initiate steps to set up a Debts Recovery Tribunal (DRT) in the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir.
Currently, the DRT at Chandigarh serves Jammu & Kashmir.
A Bench of Justices Abhay S Oka and Augustine George Masih asked Solicitor General Tushar Mehta why the government was setting up DRT benches in all States if approaching Chandigarh DRT virtually was a feasible remedy for those in the region.
The Court highlighted the unique topography of Jammu & Kashmir, and stated that it requires a DRT bench.

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