General Awareness

LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS - May 2024

May 2024

May 27, 2024

Madhya Pradesh HC Chief Justice Ravi Vijaykumar Malimath Retires

In his farewell speech, former Madhya Pradesh High Court Chief Justice Ravi Malimath took aim at people who spent months and years trying to negatively affect his career, and said that there were many who sought to "influence the workings of this court.
Before being appointed the Chief Justice of Madhya Pradesh HC in October 2021, Justice Malimath was the Acting Chief Justice of Himachal Pradesh High Court from July 2021 to October 2021. He had also served as the Acting Chief Justice of Uttarakhand High Court from July 2020 to January 2021.

May 24, 2024

India-born Jaya Badiga Appointed Judge in Sacramento County Superior Court

Indian-American attorney Jaya Badiga, a certified family law specialist, has been appointed as a Judge in the Sacramento County Superior Court in the US state of California.
Gavin Newsom, the Governor of California, made the appointment of Badiga, who has earlier served as a Commissioner at the Sacramento County Superior Court since 2022.
Badiga, born in Vijayawada city of Andhra Pradesh, fills the vacancy created by the retirement of Judge Robert S. Lapham.
Badiga, a member of the Democrat Party, also served as an Attorney at the California Department of Health Care Services in 2020 and at the California Governor's Office of Emergency Services in 2018.
Badiga earned a Juris Doctor degree from the Santa Clara University School of Law and a Master of Arts degree in International Relations and International Communications from Boston University.

EU Approves World's First Major AI Law

The European Union has given the final green light to the AI Act, marking a historic step in regulating artificial intelligence. This groundbreaking legislation establishes comprehensive rules to ensure trust, transparency, and accountability in AI technologies while fostering innovation within Europe.
The EU Commission will enforce the AI Act with the authority to impose fines of up to €35 million ($38 million) or 7% of a company's annual global revenue, whichever is higher. This stringent measure underscores the EU's commitment to robust AI regulation.
The AI Act categorises AI applications based on their risk levels. It bans "unacceptable" applications such as social scoring, predictive policing, and emotional recognition in sensitive environments like workplaces and schools. High-risk AI systems, including autonomous vehicles and medical devices, are subject to rigorous evaluation to protect health, safety, and fundamental rights. The Act also addresses AI applications in finance and education to prevent bias.

May 23, 2024

Calcutta High Court Scraps all OBC Certificates Issued in Bengal Since 2010

In a major verdict, the Calcutta High Court dismissed all Other Backward Classes (OBC) certificates issued in West Bengal since 2010.
A division bench of Justice Tapabrata Chakrabirty and Rajasekhar Mantha pronounced the verdict, while delivering a judgement on a PIL challenging the process of granting OBC certificates.
The court directed that a fresh list of OBCs be prepared based on the West Bengal Commission for Backward Classes Act of 1993 by the West Bengal Commission for Backward Classes.
The High Court bench termed the OBC list prepared after 2010 as 'illegal.'
The West Bengal Backward Classes (Other than Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes) (Reservation of Vacancies in Services and Posts) Act, 2012 section 2H, 5, 6 and Section 16 and Schedule I and III were struck down by High Court as 'unconstitutional'.

Centre Notifies Appointment of Justice Sheel Nagu as Acting Chief Justice of Madhya Pradesh High ...

The Central Government notified the appointment of Justice Sheel Nagu as Acting Chief Justice of the Madhya Pradesh High Court after Chief Justice Ravi Malimath demits office on May 24, 2024.
Justice Nagu enrolled as an Advocate on October 5, 1987, and practiced on Civil and Constitutional sides as Madhya Pradesh High Court at Jabalpur.
He was appointed as an Additional Judge of the High Court of Madhya Pradesh on May 27, 2011 and as a Permanent Judge on May 23.
Article 223 of the Indian Constitution empowers the President to appoint a Judge to perform the duties of the office of the Chief Justice of a High Court when there is a vacancy in the office of the Chief Justice or when the Chief Justice is temporarily absent. In this case, Justice Sheel Nagu was appointed as the Acting Chief Justice of the Madhya Pradesh High Court by the President in accordance with Article 223.

May 20, 2024

Supreme Court Collegium Recommends Justice Rajesh Sekhri for Fresh Term as Additional Judge of Ja...

The Supreme Court of India has recommended Justice Rajesh Sekhri for a fresh term as Additional Judge of the High Court of Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh.
Earlier in April 2024, the Collegium of the High Court of Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh had made a recommendation for appointment of Justice Nargal as an Additional Judge for a fresh term, as no vacancy of Permanent Judge was available.
Subsequently, the Collegium after a thorough assessment in accordance with the Memorandum of Procedure, reaffirmed Justice Sekhri's merit and suitability for the esteemed position.

May 18, 2024

Justice A. S. Bopanna Bids Farewell to Supreme Court

Justice A. S. Bopanna bid farewell to the Supreme Court, his last working day at the apex court.
The Supreme Court Bar Association (SCBA) organised a farewell ceremony for Justice Bopanna which was attended by Chief Justice of India (CJI) D. Y. Chandrachud, other judges of Supreme Court and members of Bar.
Justice Bopanna was elevated to the Supreme Court on May 24, 2019. He enrolled with the Bar Council of Karnataka in 1984 and practised in the Karnataka High Court and civil and labour courts for 22 years.
He was appointed as an additional Judge of the High Court of Karnataka on January 6, 2006 and became a permanent judge on March 1, 2007.
He was appointed as Chief Justice of Gauhati High Court on October 29, 2018.

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