General Awareness

LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS - January 2024

Jan 2024

Jul 08, 2026

India chairs IGE session on Consumer Protection in Geneva

India chaired the ninth session of the Intergovernmental Group of Experts on Consumer Protection Law and Policy in Geneva, Switzerland. Nidhi Khare, Secretary, Department of Consumer Affairs, represented India as the Session Chair. The delegation highlighted national initiatives, including the National Consumer Helpline and the AI-enabled e-Jagriti platform, to empower consumers and improve redressal mechanisms. The discussions focused on cross-border consumer rights, digital marketplaces, and enforcement challenges in global supply chains. The chair emphasized collaboration with other governments to strengthen consumer protection, promote fair trade, and foster digital inclusion while safeguarding privacy and data security for Indian consumers. globally acknowledged.

India chaired the ninth IGE session on Consumer Protection in Geneva.
Nidhi Khare, Secretary, DoCA, served as Session Chair.
Highlights included National Consumer Helpline and AI-enabled e-Jagriti.
Focus on cross-border rights, digital marketplaces, and enforcement.
Stresses international collaboration to strengthen protection and privacy.

Jun 23, 2026

Rani Durgavati University Bharat-certificates Move Noted on India-Bharat Change

Rani Durgavati University in Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, became the first university to replace 'India' with 'Bharat' on academic certificates. President Droupadi Murmu conferred degrees during the university’s 36th convocation. The change applies to marksheets, signboards, and official communications. The decision aligns with broader moves to standardize naming conventions across government and academic documents. University authorities stated that the Bharat designation reflects national identity and is intended to be adopted in other institutions over time. This shift underscores the ongoing conversation about language and nomenclature in official India.

Institution: Rani Durgavati University, Jabalpur, MP.
Change: 'India' replaced by 'Bharat' on certificates and related documents.
Occasion: 36th convocation; President Murmu conferred degrees.
Scope: applies to marksheets, signboards, official communications.
Context: aligns with national identity and nomenclature discussions.

Jun 22, 2026

Bimal N. Patel elected ITLOS judge for 2026–2035

Professor Bimal N. Patel has been elected as a judge of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS) for the 2026–2035 term. He was India's candidate for the post. ITLOS resolves disputes concerning the interpretation and application of UNCLOS. Patel’s election strengthens India's representation in international maritime law institutions and highlights ongoing cooperation between India and global legal bodies. ITLOS judges serve nine-year terms, and Patel will sit among judges from various nations, contributing to maritime jurisprudence and ocean governance on issues such as freedom of navigation, resource exploitation, and environmental protection.

Patel elected as ITLOS judge for 2026–2035.
India’s candidate for the post; strengthens maritime law presence.
ITLOS deals with UNCLOS interpretation and application.
Nine-year term for ITLOS judges.
Enhances India’s role in international ocean governance.

Jun 18, 2026

Allahabad High Court rules juvenile conviction cannot bar passport issuance

In a June 2026 ruling, the Allahabad High Court held that a conviction recorded during minority cannot automatically prevent a passport. The court stressed rehabilitation and reform as central to juvenile justice, noting that mistakes made in childhood should not create a lifelong stigma. Citing the Juvenile Justice Act, 2000, the court indicated that records of a juvenile offence should not permanently bar travel, although ongoing proceedings may still be considered in passport decisions. The judgment safeguards the mobility rights of individuals who were convicted as juveniles and signals a shift toward a fresh-start approach in travel documentation for young offenders.

Ruling issued in June 2026 by Allahabad High Court
Juvenile conviction not an automatic passport bar
Emphasis on rehabilitation and fresh start
Reference to Juvenile Justice Act, 2000
Protects mobility rights of juveniles convicted earlier

May 28, 2026

Assam passes Uniform Civil Code Bill, 2026

The Assam Assembly on 27 May 2026 passed The Uniform Civil Code Bill, 2026, establishing a single civil framework for all residents. The 126‑member House approved provisions governing marriage, divorce, inheritance and live‑in relationships, including a ban on polygamy and mandatory registration of marriages within 60 days and live‑in relationships within 30 days. Deliberate non‑compliance could attract a fine of up to Rs 10,000. The Bill reflects ongoing national debates on family law reforms and aims to harmonise personal laws within the state.

Date of passage: 27 May 2026
Polygamy banned; marriages must be registered within 60 days
Live‑in relationships must be registered within 30 days
Fine for non‑compliance up to Rs 10,000
Aims for a uniform civil code within Assam

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