General Awareness

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY - July 2023

Jul 2023

Sep 10, 2025

Tech Transfer MoU Inked for HAL to Build ISRO's SSLV Rocket

Indian government-run space entities (ISRO, NSIL, IN-SPACE) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) for the technology transfer of the ISRO-developed Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV) rocket.
The end goal of this agreement was that the Indian government's aerospace firm Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) would be completely building, marketing, and launching the SSLV rocket.
The SSLV is the Indian government's latest and smallest space faring rocket. ISRO says the SSLV can carry satellites weighing up to 500kg to orbits 500 km above the Earth's surface.
Eventually, the SSLV rocket is going to be HAL's property; they can launch it to ferry customers' satellites and demand a price for providing the launch services. Typically, all Indian space-faring rockets are developed by and belong to the Indian Space Research Organisation.
ISRO sources rocket components from Indian and foreign vendors, assembles the rocket, and launches it. Henceforth, HAL would carry out the same process for the SSLV.

Sep 08, 2025

IIT Indore Develops a Device to Generate Electricity from Water and Air

In a breakthrough that could expand the frontiers of clean energy, researchers at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore developed a device capable of generating electricity from the interaction of water and air.
The innovation uses microscopic channels to push water through as it evaporates, triggering ion movement and producing an electric current. As per scientists, the prototype is currently designed for small-scale applications but has the potential to be scaled up.

Sep 07, 2025

India's first telecom system with indigenous chips gets TEC certification

In a major breakthrough for India's semiconductor targets, a telecom system powered by domestically manufactured chips has received the TEC (Telecommunication Engineering Centre) certification.
The TEC certification confirms that the system has met stringent quality and performance standards, marking a critical step forward in India's drive for technological self-reliance under the 'Make in India' initiative.
This milestone not only showcases India's growing capabilities in semiconductor design and fabrication but also positions the country as a credible player in the global telecom and electronics ecosystem.

Sep 04, 2025

Amit Kshatriya: Indian American Named NASA's Associate Administrator

Indian American Amit Kshatriya was appointed NASA's new associate administrator, the top civil service role at the US space agency.
Kshatriya, a NASA veteran, previously served as deputy head of the Moon to Mars Program at the Exploration Systems Development Mission Directorate. He played a central role in planning crewed Artemis missions to the Moon as a precursor to humanity's first mission to Mars.
Kshatriya, born in Wisconsin and educated at Caltech and the University of Texas at Austin, is one of only about 100 people in history to have served as a Nasa mission control flight director. His operational and strategic experience makes him one of the most seasoned leaders in American space exploration.

Sep 03, 2025

Israel Launches New Military Surveillance Satellite into Space

Israel launched its latest spy satellite into space from an undisclosed site.
The Ofek 19 satellite was built by state-run Israel Aerospace Industries (ISRAI.UL).
Ofek 19 is a highly advanced SAR (synthetic aperture radar) observation satellite with enhanced capabilities. Upon entering Earth's orbit, the satellite will undergo a series of designated tests to assess its integrity and performance.

Vikram�'3201: India's First Made�'in�'Bharat 32�'Bit Microprocessor

India took a major stride in its semiconductor journey with the unveiling of Vikram�'3201, the country's first "Made�'in�'Bharat" 32�'bit microprocessor. Presented by Union Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw to Prime Minister Narendra Modi at Semicon India 2025 in New Delhi, this milestone underscores India's growing technological autonomy and ambition to become a global hub for chip manufacturing.
India launched the India Semiconductor Mission in 2021 to reduce dependence on foreign microprocessors. In just three and a half years, the country transitioned from being a major consumer to a producer of advanced chips.

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