General Awareness

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY - September 2021

Sep 2021

Feb 23, 2026

Railways Goes Smart: AI-Enabled Apps to Fix Grievances and Manage Crowds

At the AI India Summit 2026 in New Delhi, Indian Railways announced seven AI-enabled apps to improve passenger services and crowd management. The Centre for Railway Information Systems (CRIS) is leading the rollout of these tools, including Rail Madad, RailOne, and Coach Mitra. Rail Madad classifies and prioritises complaints by urgency and type; RailOne predicts ticket confirmations more accurately; Coach Mitra supports onboard housekeeping and is currently used on 74 trains. The aim is safer passenger flow, quicker grievance resolution, and smoother train operations across the network.

Seven AI-enabled passenger apps announced by Railways.
CRIS leads the AI rollout; examples include Rail Madad, RailOne, Coach Mitra.
Rail Madad prioritises complaints by urgency; RailOne predicts confirmations.
Coach Mitra supports onboard housekeeping; 74 trains use it.
Goal: safer crowds, faster service, improved operations nationwide.

Amaravati to Host India’s First Quantum Valley

Amaravati, the planned capital of Andhra Pradesh, will host India’s first Quantum Valley. The project is linked to a proposed IBM quantum computing facility as part of the National Quantum Mission (NQM). Advanced discussions between IBM and the state government are underway for a Quantum Valley Tech Park that may house an IBM Quantum System Two. The initiative aims to place Amaravati at the forefront of quantum research and industry in India, advancing national capabilities in next‑generation computing and technology development.

Amaravati selected as India’s first Quantum Valley.
Linked to a proposed IBM quantum facility under NQM.
Advanced talks for a Quantum Valley Tech Park.
Potential installation of IBM Quantum System Two.
Aims to position Amaravati as a national quantum hub.

Feb 22, 2026

Galathea balasubramaniani Identified in Lakshadweep Reefs

Researchers from the National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources (NBFGR), Kochi, in collaboration with Annamalai University, have identified a new crab species named Galathea balasubramaniani from Lakshadweep coral reefs. The tiny crustacean measures about 3 millimetres and was found near Agatti Island. The discovery was led by T. Ajith Kumar and confirmed through morphological analysis and DNA sequencing, establishing it as a distinct Indo-Pacific species. The species is named in honour of T. Balasubramanian for his contributions to marine biology. Findings were published in the taxonomy journal Zootaxa, highlighting India’s biodiversity in marine environments. This adds to ongoing biodiversity assessments in Indian seas.

New crab species: Galathea balasubramaniani
Size around 3 millimetres; found in Lakshadweep reefs
Discovered by NBFGR Kochi with Annamalai University
Led by T. Ajith Kumar; DNA analysis confirmed distinct species
Published in Zootaxa; named after T. Balasubramanian

Feb 21, 2026

New dinosaur Spinosaurus mirabilis discovered in the Sahara Desert

Palaeontologists have described a new dinosaur species, Spinosaurus mirabilis, from Niger’s Sahara Desert. The species lived about 95 million years ago and dominated river systems as a top predator. Fossil remains include three skulls and additional skeletal material recovered at the Jenguebi site after a challenging expedition. The discovery reveals a second distinct species within the Spinosaurus lineage and enriches understanding of spinosaurids’ evolution and ecology in Africa. The find contributes to knowledge about how Cretaceous ecosystems functioned in arid and semi-arid environments, highlighting the diversity of predatory dinosaurs in North Africa.

Spinosaurus mirabilis described from Niger, Sahara Desert
Lived approximately 95 million years ago; aquatic predator
Three skulls and additional skeletons recovered at Jenguebi site
Represents a second distinct Spinosaurus species
Enhances understanding of spinosaurid evolution and ecology
Adds to knowledge of Africa’s Cretaceous ecosystems

Feb 20, 2026

India AI Summit Day 3 Highlights: Partnerships and Opportunities

The India AI Impact Summit 2026 featured significant announcements on AI partnerships and infrastructure. Nvidia announced collaborations with Indian data-centre operators and firms to expand sovereign AI computing capacity; L&T was highlighted as a major partner for a gigawatt-scale AI factory project. While Nvidia did not have CEO Jensen Huang on site, the company stated a high-level delegation would participate and reinforce its commitment to India’s AI ecosystem. Analysts noted the events as a milestone in aligning private sector capabilities with national AI strategies, underscoring a push to scale domestic compute, train talent, and accelerate deployment across industries.

NVIDIA announces partnerships at India AI Impact Summit 2026.
L&T to join in building a gigawatt-scale AI factory in India.
NVIDIA delegation to participate despite CEO’s absence.
Signals growth of sovereign AI infrastructure in India.

L&T and NVIDIA to Build India’s Gigawatt-Scale AI Factory

Engineering conglomerate Larsen & Toubro (L&T) and NVIDIA announced a strategic partnership to build India’s first gigawatt-scale AI factory infrastructure. Unveiled at the AI Impact Summit, the venture aims to establish sovereign, scalable AI computing resources within India and expand NVIDIA GPU clusters for enterprise and national workloads. The project seeks to reduce reliance on foreign compute while accelerating domestic AI adoption across sectors such as manufacturing, finance, healthcare, and governance. The collaboration emphasizes secure, production-grade AI systems and policy-aligned governance to support India’s digital ambitions and strategic autonomy in AI.

L&T and NVIDIA announce a gigawatt-scale AI factory in India.
Focus on sovereign AI infrastructure and GPU expansion.
Targeted at enterprise and national workloads.
Aims to reduce reliance on foreign compute resources.

Feb 19, 2026

India and France inaugurate Indo-French AI in Health Centre at AIIMS

India and France inaugurated the Indo-French Centre for AI in Health (IF-CAIH) at AIIMS New Delhi during the Rencontres Universitaires Et Scientifiques De Haut Niveau meetings on 18-19 February 2026. The centre stems from a MoU between AIIMS New Delhi, Sorbonne University and Paris Brain Institute, with collaboration from IIT Delhi and other French institutions. IF-CAIH aims to advance AI-driven research, medical education and clinical innovation in healthcare. The inauguration signals strengthened international collaboration to accelerate health tech adoption and translational research in India.

IF-CAIH inaugurated at AIIMS New Delhi (18-19 Feb 2026).
MoU with Sorbonne University and Paris Brain Institute.
Collaboration includes IIT Delhi and other French partners.
Focus on AI in health, education and clinical innovation.
Significant step in India-France health tech collaboration.

India AI Impact Summit: Guinness World Record for Responsible AI Pledges

Day 3 of the India AI Impact Summit 2026 at Bharat Mandapam featured a Guinness World Records title for the 'Most pledges received for an AI responsibility campaign in 24 hours,' with 250,946 valid pledges recorded during 16-17 February. The pledges were mobilized through colleges and student networks to build trust-led AI adoption alongside innovation. The focus remained on Responsible AI, digital connectivity, talent development, and scaling compute capacity. The event underscored India’s role as a global convenor for AI governance in emerging markets and highlighted partnerships with industry to advance ethical deployment.

Guinness World Records title awarded for AI pledges.
Pledges totaled 250,946 (16-17 February).
Campaign mobilized via colleges and student networks.
Focus on Responsible AI and talent development.
Positions India as a hub for AI governance.

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