General Awareness

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY - January 2019

Jan 2019

Aug 06, 2022

South Korea Launches first Moon Mission on SpaceX Rocket

South Korea joined the stampede to the moon with the launch of a lunar orbiter that will scout out future landing spots. The satellite launched by SpaceX is taking a long, roundabout path to conserve fuel and will arrive in December 2022. If successful, it will join spacecraft from the US and India already operating around the moon, and a Chinese rover exploring the moon's far side.
Danuri, which is Korean for "enjoy the moon", is carrying six science instruments, including a camera for NASA. It's designed to peer into the permanently shadowed, ice-filled craters at the lunar poles.

First Synthetic Mouse Embryos Created with no Sperm, Eggs or Womb

For the first time, scientists created mouse embryos in the lab without using any eggs or sperm and watched them grow outside the womb. To achieve this feat, the researchers used only stem cells and a spinning device filled with shiny glass vials.
This is an important landmark in the understanding of how embryos build themselves.
The breakthrough experiment took place in a specially designed bioreactor that serves as an artificial womb for developing embryos. Within the device, embryos float in small beakers of nutrient-filled solution, and the beakers are all locked into a spinning cylinder that keeps them in constant motion.

Aug 05, 2022

AzaadiSAT: ISRO's Smallest Rocket in Space

Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) launched its smallest commercial rocket 'Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV)' carrying 'AzaadiSAT'. It was launched, to unfurl the Tricolour in space, from Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota.
This spacecraft was launched as, Prime Minister Narendra Modi had announced on August 15, 2018, to unfurl the Tricolour in Space to celebrate India's 75th year of Independence.
To mark India's celebrations of 'Azaadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav', SSLV will carry a co-passenger satellite called 'AzaadiSAT'.
AzaadiSAT comprises of 75 payloads.
These payloads have been built by 750 young girl students from 75 rural government schools of India.

Aug 04, 2022

Astronomy Lab in Bihar College Enters UNESCO Heritage List

UNESCO added a 106-year-old astronomical observatory at Langat Singh College in Bihar's Muzaffarpur on its list of important endangered heritage observatories of the world—raising hopes of reviving the neglected edifice that has little to show off its glorious past.
National Commission for History of Science member and Delhi University's former modern history professor JN Sinha said his constant push to draw UNESCO's attention towards the observatory, first of its kind in eastern India, finally bore fruit.
The observatory was built in 1916 in the 123-year old college, now affiliated to Bhim Rao Ambedkar Bihar University. A planetarium, probably the first in India, was also set up in the college in 1946. The observatory and planetarium functioned satisfactorily up to early 1970s. At present, it is lying completely dysfunctional and most of the costly machines in the observatory have either been lost or become junk.

Jul 31, 2022

ISRO Generated $279 Million in Foreign Currency through Satellite Launches

Dr. Jitendra Singh, India's Minister of State for Science and Technology, informed the parliament that the launch of foreign satellites by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) brought in $279 million in foreign currency. Antrix, the commercial arm of ISRO, made this money by launching 345 foreign satellites from 34 different nations. 56 million of these gains were paid out in dollars, while 223 million were paid out in euros (220 million Euros). There are 2,226 crore rupees in the total.
The first nations to use ISRO's services to launch satellites were Germany and South Korea.
After 2015, 83% of the international launches took place.
US spacecraft account for 66% of ISRO's international launches, which also includes non-government satellites.
The Polar Satellite Launch Vehicles (PSLV) of ISRO were used to launch each of these spacecraft.

Jul 30, 2022

Astronomers Find Heaviest Neutron Star on Record

PSR J0952-0607, a so-called millisecond pulsar, has shredded and consumed nearly the entire mass of its stellar companion and, in the process, grew into the heaviest neutron star observed to date.
PSR J0952-0607 is located between 3,200 and 5,700 light-years away in the constellation of Sextans.
PSR J0952-0607 is in a 6.42 hr orbit around its very low-mass stellar companion.

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