General Awareness

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY - December 2018

Dec 2018

Jun 11, 2023

Tata Elxsi Partners with ISRO to Develop Crew Recovery Models for Gaganyaan Mission

Tata Elxsi partnered with the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) for the upcoming Gaganyaan Mission. The leading global engineering company has designed and developed the crew module recovery models (CMRM) for the recovery team training of the space mission.
ISRO's Gaganyaan project envisions a demonstration of human spaceflight capability by launching the crew into a 400-kilometer orbit for a three-day mission and safely bringing them to Earth by landing in Indian sea waters. One of the key requirements of this project is the safe recovery of the crew, which must be carried out with minimum lapse of time.
Tata Elxsi executed activities from developing the design configuration in accordance with the initial requirements provided by ISRO, to carrying out structural analysis for various load cases, material procurement and testing, fabrication, carrying out load tests, and transportation of the CMRM and the ground support fixture (GSF).
The project marked Tata Elxsi's foray into the mechanical design for space, as this is the first time ISRO has outsourced the mechanical design and development work for a critical system to an external partner.

Jun 10, 2023

Chandrayaan-3 Intended to be Launched Between July 12-19

India's third Lunar Mission Chandrayaan-3 will have an orbiter (designated as Propulsion Module), but this orbiter won't carry scientific payloads, as was done during Chandrayaan-2. This means that the orbiter weighs lesser than that of its predecessor. However, the payload mass reduced from the orbiter has been added to the Chandrayaan-3 Lunar lander. The Indian Lunar spacecraft comprises three parts - Orbiter, Lander, and Rover.
Addressing media on the sidelines of ISRO's maiden International Conference on Spacecraft Mission Operations, the Chief of the Indian Space Agency said that Chandrayaan-3 is to be launched in the 1-week window that begins on July 12th, if all were to go as per plan.
Deep space missions are launched within a specific window (period of time), keeping in mind various factors including the dynamic position of the destination (with respect to Earth), the time taken to travel to the destination, the steps involved, the rocket being used, the purpose of the mission, the movement and impact of other heavenly bodies, etc.

Jun 09, 2023

GalaxEye to Launch World's 1st Multi-sensorearth Observation Satellite

An IIT-Madras-incubated space-tech start-up, GalaxEye, is building the world's first multi-sensor earth observation satellite with the help of a visible spectrum camera providing synchronised imaging that can take multiple images at the same time. The start-up is going to launch its first satellite, 'Drishti Mission' next year.
Founded in 2020 by Suyash Singh, Denil Chawda, Kishan Thakkar, Pranit Mehta, Rakshit Bhatt and Prof S. R. Chakravarthy, GalaxEye is working on deploying a satellite constellation with a first-of-its-kind sensor based on data fusion to provide the most comprehensive imagery dataset from space.

Jun 07, 2023

Kerala CM Pinarayi Vijayan Launches Kerala Fibre Optic Network Project

Kerala Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayan launched the ambitious Kerala Fibre Optical Network (KFON), which is envisaged to provide high-speed internet connectivity for all households in the state.
CM Vijayan said that Kerala is the only state in the country which has made the right to access the internet a basic right. The state is implementing KFON to ensure that the internet as a basic right does not remain on paper.
The state is now providing basic infrastructure to take high-speed internet to all people.
As part of the project, KFON connection has been given to 17,412 government offices and 2,105 households.

World's Most Powerful Wind Tunnel Opens in Beijing

China completed the construction of the most powerful wind tunnel in the world, located in the mountainous Huairou district of northern Beijing. The wind tunnel, called JF-22, has a diameter of 4 metres (13 feet) and can generate incredibly high airflow speeds of up to 10 kilometres (6.2 miles) per second. This makes it capable of simulating hypersonic flight conditions up to Mach 30, which is 30 times the speed of sound.
The Institute of Mechanics, which owns the facility, stated that the JF-22 wind tunnel will play a crucial role in advancing China's hypersonic ambitions. The tunnel will support research and development efforts for China's space transport system and hypersonic aircraft, as well as for military purposes.

Jun 05, 2023

Three Chinese Astronauts Return to Earth after a Six-month Stint in Space Station

Three Chinese astronauts returned safely to Earth on board the Shenzhou-15 manned spaceship after completing their six-month mission to build China's space station.
Shenzhou-15's return capsule carrying astronauts Fei Junlong, Deng Qingming and Zhang Lu, touched down at the Dongfeng landing site in north China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.
The three were replaced by three other astronauts, including China's first civilian who successfully flew to the space station on May 30.
The new set of astronauts will stay in the space station for five months.
Once ready, China will be the only country to own a space station as the International Space Station (ISS) of Russia is a collaborative project of several countries. The ISS station is also set to be decommissioned by 2030.

Malviya National Institute of Technology (MNIT), Jaipur Identified as the National Centre for Ear...

Malviya National Institute of Technology (MNIT) in Jaipur was identified as the National Centre for Earthquake Safety of Dams, the first centre of its kind in the country. The centre will develop indigenous capabilities in making the country self-reliant in handling technology issues related to structural and earthquake safety of dams.
Earthquake shaking is considered the most significant threat to the safety of dams. Following the signing of a memorandum of understanding with the National Dam Safety Authority (NDSA), functioning under the Union Ministry of Jal Shakti, the new centre will work intensively with dam engineers, regulators and policy makers.

Microsoft Joins Indian Govt. to Train Students and Educators in Cybersecurity Skills

Microsoft signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with Directorate General of Training (DGT) under the Ministry of Skills Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) to train 6,000 students and 200 educators in digital and cyber-security skills in the country. As part of this collaboration with, Microsoft will offer a wide range of courses, including training in AI, cloud computing, web development and cybersecurity skills for students and 200 faculty members at government-led Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs) and National Skills Training Institutions (NSTIs).
The training will empower young students with industry-relevant skills, enhancing their employability, and connecting them to relevant job opportunities.
In addition, trained faculty members can then train ITI students attending computer operator and programming assistant (COPA) training.

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