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ENVIRONMENT - December 2018

Dec 2018

Mar 21, 2023

Nations Approve Key UN Science Report on Climate Change

  • Governments approved a major new UN report on climate change, after approval was held up by a battle between rich and developing countries over emissions targets and financial aid to vulnerable nations.
  • The report by the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change caps a series that digests vast amounts of research on global warming compiled since the Paris climate accord was agreed in 2015.
  • The unusual process of having countries sign off on a scientific report is intended to ensure that governments accept its findings as authoritative advice on which to base their actions.

Mar 20, 2023

Brazilian Researchers Find Terrifying Plastic Rocks

  • The geology of Brazil's volcanic Trindade Island fascinated scientists for years, but the discovery of rocks made from plastic debris in this remote turtle refuge sparked alarm.
  • Melted plastic has become intertwined with rocks on the island, located 1,140 km (708 miles) from the south-eastern state of Espirito Santo, which researchers say is evidence of humans' growing influence over the earth's geological cycles.
  • "This is new and terrifying at the same time, because pollution has reached geology," said Fernanda Avelar Santos, a geologist at the Federal University of Parana.
  • Trindade Island is one of the world's most important conservation spots for green turtles, or Chelonia mydas, with thousands arriving each year to lay their eggs. The only human inhabitants on Trindade are members of the Brazilian navy, which maintains a base on the island and protects the nesting turtles.

Mar 18, 2023

Railways to Become Net-zero Carbon Emitter by 2030

  • As per Union Railways Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw, Indian Railways is working on a mission mode to become the largest Green Railway in the world and is moving towards becoming a "net zero carbon emitter" by 2030.
  • According to the Ministry of Railways, Indian Railways has taken a number of initiatives to reduce its carbon emissions which include use of energy efficient technologies like completely switching over to production of three phase electric locomotives with regenerative features, use of head on generation (HOG) technology, etc.
  • Further, the key strategies that have been identified for achieving the Net Zero Carbon emission target are procurement of power through renewable energy sources; shifting from diesel to electric traction; promotion of energy efficiency; and afforestation.

Mar 16, 2023

World's First Octopus Farm Proposals Alarm Scientists

  • A plan to build the world's first octopus farm raised deep concerns among scientists over the welfare of the famously intelligent creatures.
  • The farm in Spain's Canary Islands would raise about a million octopuses annually for food, according to confidential documents seen by the BBC.
  • They have never been intensively farmed and some scientists call the proposed icy water slaughtering method cruel.
  • The Spanish multinational behind the plans denies the octopuses will suffer.
  • The confidential planning proposal documents from the company, Nueva Pescanova, were given to the BBC by the campaign organisation Eurogroup for Animals.
  • Nueva Pescanova sent the proposal to the Canary Islands' General Directorate of Fishing, which has not responded to a BBC request for comment.

Mar 15, 2023

India Home to 39 of 50 Most Polluted Cities

  • According to a report by Swiss firm IQAir, India home to 39 out of the world's 50 most polluted cities, was ranked the world's eighth-most polluted nation in 2022. Delhi was placed as the world's fourth-most polluted city on the planet.
  • The average yearly PM2.5 reading in India was more than 10 times the upper limit prescribed by the World Health Organization (WHO), while Delhi's pollutant levels were more than 18 times what is considered safe.
  • Bhiwadi in Rajasthan retained its position as India's most polluted city ranking and the city with the third-worst air in the world.
  • The World Air Quality Report, 2022, classified over 7,300 cities across 131 countries and ranked them on the basis of the average recorded annual PM2.5 concentration in micrograms per cubic metre (μg/m3).
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