General Awareness

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY - October 2018

Oct 2018

Feb 27, 2020

Intelsat Telecoms Satellite Gets New Lease of Life

Two American satellites docked high over the Atlantic in a demonstration of what many commentators expect to be a burgeoning new industry.
One of the platforms is an old telecoms spacecraft low on fuel; the other is an auxiliary unit that will now take over all the former's manoeuvring functions.
This will allow Intelsat-901 to extend its 19-year mission of relaying TV and other services by another five years.
The event has been described as a major accomplishment by the firms involved.
Northrop Grumman, which produced the Mission Extension Vehicle-1 that grabbed hold of Intelsat-901, said that it was the first time two commercial satellites had come together in this way at an altitude of just over 36,000 km.

Feb 26, 2020

In a World First, Cheetah Cubs Born via in Vitro Fertilisation

Two cheetah cubs have been born through in vitro fertilisation and embryo transfer to a surrogate mother for the first time, Ohio zoo officials announced on Monday.
The male and female cubs were born to 3-year-old Izzy at the Columbus Zoo and Aquarium. The biological mother of the cubs is 6-year-old Kibibi who has never reproduced and is too old to easily become pregnant naturally.
Kibibi's eggs were extracted and then fertilised in a Columbus Zoo laboratory on November 19. The early stage embryos were implanted into Izzy on November 21, and an ultrasound revealed she was pregnant with two foetuses about a month later.

An E-commerce App "Thirumathi Kart" for SHG Products

An e-commerce mobile application called "Thirumathi Kart" developed by National Institute of Technology, Tiruchi (NIT-T) for promoting products developed by self-help groups (SHG), was launched in Tiruchi, Tamil Nadu (TN) by Collector of Tiruchi, S. Sivarasu in the presence of Mini Shaji Thomas, Director, NIT-T, and other officials at the inauguration ceremony of 'Marketing strategies in the digital era: self-promotion of SHG products through Thirumathi Kart' programme.
The app, Thirumathi Kart will be the main app for usage of public domain, the other 2 apps namely Thirumathi Kart (seller) and Thirumathi Kart (logistics), are for use among the SHGs.
The app was developed under the project, 'Design and development of ICT-enabled cloud-based mobile application for self-promotion of products developed by SHG' assisted by Department of Science and Technology (DST).
The project aimed to connect the customers with SHGs to empower women with sustainable income-generation platform.

Feb 25, 2020

Scientists Discover Breathable Oxygen in Galaxy Outside of Milky Way

A team of astronomers at China's Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, led by Junzhi Wang identified molecular oxygen in a galaxy outside the Milky Way. The team identified the presence of molecular oxygen by analyzing light waves that had reached Earth from Markarian 231, a galaxy around 581 million light years away.
The light wave readings were taken at two different locations: the IRAM (Institute for Radio Astronomy in the Millimeter Range) 30-meter telescope in Granada, Spain, and the Northern Extended Millimeter Array telescope in the French Alps.
The team estimates there could be 100 times more oxygen in Markarian 231 than Miky Way. Over the last 20 years, molecular oxygen has been detected on two other locations in the Milky Way: the Rho Ophiuchi cloud and the Orion nebula.

Feb 24, 2020

Scientists Discover Powerful Antibiotic Using AI

In a world first, scientists have discovered a new type of antibiotic using artificial intelligence (AI).
It has been heralded by experts as a major breakthrough in the fight against the growing problem of drug resistance.
A powerful algorithm was used to analyse more than one hundred million chemical compounds in a matter of days.
The newly discovered compound was able to kill 35 types of potentially deadly bacteria.
Antibiotic-resistant infections have risen in recent years - up 9% in England between 2017 and 2018, to nearly 61,000.
If antibiotics are taken inappropriately, harmful bacteria living inside the body can become resistant to them, which means the medicines may not work when really needed.
The World Health Organization (WHO) has called the phenomenon "one of the biggest threats to global health security and development today".

Feb 22, 2020

First ever Long Endurance Solar-powered Unmanned Aircraft PHASA-35 Flies Successfully

High Altitude Long Endurance vehicle (HALE), Persistent High Altitude Solar Aircraft (PHASA)- 35 has the potential to remain airborne for a year is the first ever long endurance solar-powered unmanned aircraft which successfully completed its maiden test flight and it developed by BAE systems in collaboration with Prismatic Ltd.
PHASA-35 is an alternative to satellite having all the qualities of an aircraft, and it remains airborne within the stratosphere but above the weather and conventional air traffic level.
PHASA-35 can be used for fire detection, maritime surveillance and Border protection, etc.
And the flight trial is conducted at the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) Woomera range in South Australia.
The operation is being sponsored by United Kingdom's (UK) Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (DSTL) and Australian Defence Science and Technology Group (DSTG) and the design & product developed by UK based BAE systems aerospace company within 20 months.

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