General Awareness

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY - October 2018

Oct 2018

Sep 15, 2021

ISRO's New Series of Heavy-lift Rockets

To attain total self-reliance in the launch of heavy satellites (weighing above 4 tons) and to meet future demands, the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) is working on a fleet of five new rockets. According to a senior official, the five Heavy-lift Launch Vehicles (HLV) are in their project report stage and in terms of design and appearance, these new fleet of rockets would be quite similar to the existing SSLV, PSLV and GSLV and GSLV Mk3 rockets, but they would be powered by even more capable, powerful and technologically advanced engines.
Presently, India pays and utilizes the services of Ariane-5, a foreign rocket, to launch satellites that weigh over 4 tons.

Sep 13, 2021

Hughes, OneWeb Ink Pact for Low Earth Orbit Satellite Service

Hughes Network Systems and OneWeb have announced agreements for Low Earth Orbit satellite service in the US and India.
Hughes Network Systems focuses on satellite and multi-transport technologies and networks, and OneWeb is a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite communications company backed by Bharti.
In India, the parties have entered into an MOU (Memorandum of Understanding) for a strategic agreement to distribute services to large enterprises, small and medium businesses, government, telcos and ISPs (Internet Service Providers) in the rural and remote parts of the country," said OneWeb.
Services will be offered by Hughes Network Systems, LLC, and Hughes Communications India, respectively.
Hughes and OneWeb would work together to broaden distribution globally, with Hughes offering OneWeb's low-latency, high-speed connectivity for markets such as enterprise, government, commercial aviation and maritime, cellular backhaul, and community Wi-Fi hotspots.

Sep 08, 2021

Hubble Finds Slowly Cooling White Dwarfs

Using high-resolution observational of two very similar globular clusters, Messier 3 and Messier 13, astronomers have found an unexpected overabundance of bright white dwarfs in Messier 13. Theoretical models suggest that this overabundance is due to a slowing down of the cooling process in around 70% of the white dwarfs in Messier 13, caused by stable thermonuclear burning in their residual hydrogen-rich atmosphere.
White dwarfs are core remnants of low-mass stars that have concluded their thermonuclear activity.
All stars with masses below 8 solar masses, with a possible extension up to 11 solar masses, are expected to end their evolution as white dwarfs.

Sep 07, 2021

Chandrayaan-2 Completes 2 Years in Lunar Orbit

The Chairman of Indian Space Research Organisation K. Sivan inaugurated a Lunar Science Workshop 2021, to commemorate the completion of two years of operation of Chandrayaan-2 spacecraft around the lunar orbit.
Chandrayaan-2 data product and science documents were released by Sivan, also Secretary in the Department of Space (DoS), along with data from Chandrayaan-2 orbiter payloads.
The eight payloads onboard Chandrayaan-2 are conducting scientific observations of the moon by remote sensing and in-situ techniques.

Sep 06, 2021

SpaceX's First All-civilian Mission to Launch on September 15

SpaceX, run by tech billionaire Elon Musk-run, is all set to launch to orbit its first all-civilian mission Inspiration4 on September 15.
Early this year in February, SpaceX announced the charity-driven mission named Inspiration4, which will be commanded by tech entrepreneur Jared Isaacman and will have three others.
They will orbit the planet aboard SpaceX`s Crew Dragon capsule every 90 minutes along a customised flight path. Upon conclusion of the three-day journey, Dragon will re-enter Earth`s atmosphere for a soft water landing off the coast of Florida.

IISc-ISRO Develop Device to Conduct Microbial Experiments in Outer Space

Researchers at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) and Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) have developed a modular, self-contained device to cultivate microorganisms, which could enable scientists to carry out biological experiments in outer space.
The team showed how the device can be used to activate and track the growth of a bacterium called 'Sporosarcina pasteurii ' over several days, with minimal human involvement.
The device developed by the IISc and ISRO team uses a LED and photodiode sensor combination to track bacterial growth by measuring the optical density or scattering of light, similar to spectrophotometers used in the lab. It also has separate compartments for different experiments.

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