General Awareness

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS - August 2018

Aug 2018

Jun 26, 2019

Sri Lanka's Plan to Revive Death Row after 42 Years

Amnesty International raised fresh concerns that Sri Lanka may soon end a 42-year moratorium on capital punishment and hang 13 men convicted of drug offences.
The London-based rights group was alarmed over media reports of preparations to resume hangings although the country still does not have a qualified hangman.
Sri Lanka's President Maithripala Sirisena must immediately halt his plans to resume executions for at least 13 prisoners convicted of drug-related crimes.
Sirisena in February 2019 announced he would carry out the first executions in 42 years within less than two months, but he is yet to sign any death warrant.
The President also appealed to human rights organisations not to pressure him on his decision.
Criminals in Sri Lanka are regularly handed death sentences for murder, rape and drug-related crimes but since 1976 their punishments have been commuted to life imprisonment.

Next British PM to be Announced in July

As per reports, the winner of the contest to replace Theresa May as leader of Britain's ruling Conservatives and Prime Minister would be announced on July 23.
Former Foreign Minister Boris Johnson is the favourite in the race, battling Britain's current top diplomat, Jeremy Hunt.
The two were chosen from a field of 10 by the Conservative party's 313 MPs, and are now seeking to woo an estimated 1,60,000 party members who would make the final choice.
Postal ballots would be sent out between July 6, 2019 and 8, and the deadline for returning them was set at 5 p.m. on July 22, 2019.
The announcement of the next leader of the Conservative party would be made the next day.

Clash over Nizam of Hyderabad Funds in U.K.

A decades-old legal dispute between India and Pakistan over around £35 million belonging to the Nizam of Hyderabad at the time of Partition and deposited in a London bank account has reached an important stage in the U.K. High Court.
The Nizam's descendants, Prince Mukarram Jah — the titular eighth Nizam of Hyderabad — and his younger brother Muffakham Jah, have joined hands with the Indian government in the legal battle against the Pakistan government over the funds lying with the NatWest Bank plc in London.
The dispute revolves around 1,007,940 pounds and nine shillings that were transferred in 1948 from the then Nizam of Hyderabad, Osman Ali Khan, to the High Commissioner in Britain of the newly-formed Pakistan. That amount has since grown into millions.

Jun 25, 2019

Pakistan Blacklisting Absolutely a Possibility

According to the outgoing president of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF), Marshall Billingslea, there is absolutely a possibility that Pakistan could be on its blacklist after the international financial watchdog's next meeting in October in Paris.
Pakistan had significant work to do and was, with regard to an action plan agreed in June 2018, lacking in almost every respect.
Pakistan was cautioned in February at the plenary that they had missed almost all of their January milestones. And they were urged to not fail to meet the milestones in May. Unfortunately, Pakistan has yet again missed its May milestones.
Now the action plan is set to complete in September. So this (the June 16-21 Orlando plenary) was not the plenary where FAFT would discuss a blacklisting issue. This was the plenary where we examine how far and how far behind Pakistan is on its action.
There is much that must be done by September. If they fail to implement the action plan by September then the FATF has made clear that we will consider next steps.
China, Turkey, Malaysia, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia and the Gulf Cooperation Council were among those at the Orlando plenary who had asked that Pakistan be given more time to comply with the action plan.

U.S. Seeks Non-military Ways to Stop Iran

U.S. intelligence and military officers are working on additional clandestine plans to counter Iranian aggression in the Gulf, pushed by the White House to develop new options that could help deter Tehran without escalating tensions into a full-out conventional war.
The goal is to develop operations similar to the cyberattacks conducted and that echo the shadow war the U.S. has accused Tehran of carrying out with attacks on oil tankers in the Gulf. Iran maintains that it was not responsible for the attacks on the tankers.
The cyberattacks were aimed at an Iranian intelligence group that U.S. officials believe was behind a series of attacks on tankers in the Gulf region.
The U.S. operation was intended to take down the computers and networks used by the intelligence group, at least temporarily. A separate online operation was aimed at taking out computers that control Iranian missile launches.
The White House told military and intelligence officials it wants options in line with the kind of operations conducted by Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps.

Trilateral Summit at G-20

China confirmed that Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Chinese President Xi Jinping and his Russian counterpart Vladimir Putin wouldl hold their second trilateral summit in Osaka, Japan, during the G-20 summit later this week.
He also signalled that the top-level trilateral mechanism of the Russia, India and China (RIC) had now become institutionalised.
The mechanism of the trilateral meeting maintained a sound momentum of development.

Canadian Government's Skill Programme

While uncertainty over work visas persists with regard to the United States, Indian tech talent was the biggest beneficiary of the Canadian government's global skills Strategy (GSS) a program, launched in June 2017, to meet its skills demand, especially in the information technology sector.
The objective of the program was to make the country a magnet for tech talent from across the globe. Indian citizens appear to have taken advantage of the opportunity.
According to a data made available by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) at the end of December 2018, of the total 17,132 work permits approved, Indians accounted for over half of them at 9,462. Their numbers are over six times to that of next national group, China (1,420).

Palestinians Reject U.S.-Bahrain Peace Plan

The Palestinians vowed to reject a U.S.-led peace initiative to be presented in Bahrain that dangles the prospect of $50 billion as an Israeli envoy bluntly told them they should surrender.
Finance chiefs from the U.S., oil-rich Arab states and international development institutions were flying to the tiny kingdom, which in a rarity is openly welcoming Israelis, who have forged an indirect alliance with Gulf rulers due to mutual hostility with Iran.
Led by President Donald Trump's son-in-law and adviser Jared Kushner, the Peace to Prosperity economic workshop is billed as the start of a new approach that will later include political solutions to the long intractable West Asian conflict.
It proposes raising more than $50 billion in fresh investment for the Palestinians and their Arab neighbours with major projects to boost infrastructure, education, tourism and cross-border trade.
The Palestinian Authority is boycotting the workshop, denouncing the plan for saying nothing about ending the Israeli occupation. President Mahmud Abbas has said that the Palestinians would not be slaves or servants of Mr. Kushner or other Trump aides.

Jun 24, 2019

Saudi Launches Residency Scheme

Saudi Arabia launched a new special residency scheme aimed at luring wealthy expats as the petro-state seeks to boost non-oil revenue.
The scheme offers a permanent residency for 800,000 riyals ($213,000) and a one-year renewable residency costing 100,000 riyals ($27,000).
The scheme would allow expats to do business without a Saudi sponsor, buy property and sponsor visas for relatives.
As per analysts, the programme would largely benefit wealthy Arabs who have lived in Saudi Arabia for years without permanent residency or MNCs seeking to do long-term business .
The move appears to be aimed at boosting non-oil revenue as the kingdom seeks to diversify its economy.
Though it was approved by the Saudi Cabinet in May, 2019, the portal began accepting applications now.
Saudi Arabia is currently home to some 10 million overseas workers.

Putin Calls for Dialogue with US

Days ahead of the upcoming G20 summit in Japan, Russian President Vladimir Putin called for dialogue with the US, saying it is impossible to find consensus without talks.
Earlier, US President Donald Trump had made it known that he would meet Putin during the summit on June 28-29, according to Al Jazeera. However, Kremlin at that time said no such arrangement had been made.
Putin has also claimed that the US political system is acting as a roadblock in improving relations between the two nations.

Erdogan's Party Loses Istanbul Re-poll

Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan suffered a major blow as the Opposition candidate in Istanbul's controversial mayoral election re-run romped to victory.
Ekrem Imamoglu won the first vote in March 2019 by a tiny margin of just 13,000 votes in the city of 15 million.
That win was however annulled by election authorities after Mr. Erdogan's AKP party claimed that there was corruption in the counting.
But after being stripped of that victory, Mr. Imamoglu vowed a battle for democracy that turned him into a household name.
With more than 99% of ballots counted, Mr. Imamoglu was winning by more than 7,75,000 votes, and had 54% overall .

Jun 23, 2019

Afghan Attends Peace Meet in Pakistan

Dozens of Afghan political leaders attended a peace conference in Islamabad.
There were no representatives of the Taliban. However, attending the event was Hezb-e-Islami leader and warlord Gulbuddin Hekmatyar, who in 2016 struck a peace deal with President Ashraf Ghani's government, and was taken off a U.S. terrorist list.
At the outset of the meeting, Mr. Hekmatyar urged his fellow Afghans to press for the Taliban's demand for a quick and full withdrawal of U.S. and NATO troops.
Among the figures in attendance were the head of the Afghan government-sponsored High Peace Council, Mohammad Karim Khalili, as well as the leader of the powerful Jamiat-e-Islami political party, Ustad Atta Mohammad Noor.

Sri Lanka Extends State of Emergency

A state of emergency was extended by Sri Lanka's President Maithripala Sirisena, going back on pledges to relax the tough laws introduced after the Easter Sunday attacks that killed 258 people.
Mr. Sirisena believed there was a public emergency in the country, and was invoking provisions of the public security act extending the state of emergency.

Jun 22, 2019

No Renegotiation of Brexit

The European Union (EU)'s top leaders fired a Brexit warning to whoever wins the battle to become the next British Prime Minister, saying that the existing divorce deal could not be changed.
Boris Johnson will face Jeremy Hunt in a run-off vote to decide who takes on the tricky task of piloting the country's departure from the EU.
Both say they want to renegotiate the deal that outgoing PM Theresa May struck with Brussels.

FATF Warns Pakistan

Pakistan avoided being placed on the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) blacklist during the multilateral financial watchdog's plenary meetings in Orlando, Florida held from June 16 to 21.
However, the country, which continued to remain on a greylist, was given a warning at the end of the plenary session and told that it lacked a proper understanding of transnational terrorist financing.
In June 2018, Pakistan was placed on a FATF greylist of countries whose laws do not adequately deal with money laundering and terrorist financing and agreed to a 10-point action plan to strengthen its anti-money laundering and combating the financing of terrorism and proliferation regime.

No Specific Talks on India's Entry to NSG

There was no specific discussion on India's admission to the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) at the NSG's two-day meeting in Astana , Kazakhstan, on June 20-21 , China said that New Delhi's admission will be discussed only after a consensus evolves over the entry of all non-signatories to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) into the bloc.
The Chinese foreign ministry declined to give a timeline for such a consensus to emerge among the NSG's 48 members.
China is one of the countries to stall India's entry into the nuclear export control bloc since 2016, giving the reason that New Delhi isn't a signatory to the NPT.

Trafficking in Persons Report 2019

The U.S. State Department has released its 2019 Trafficking in Persons (TIP) report, highlighting the need for action against domestic trafficking.
India continued to be placed in Tier 2 on the 1-3 country trafficking scale.
The 2019 report highlights the national nature of trafficking: in 77% of the cases, victims are trafficked within their own countries of residence, rather than across borders.
Victims of sex trafficking were more likely to be trafficked across borders while victims of forced labour were typically exploited within their own countries.
The report categorises countries into three groups based on the Trafficking Victims Protection Act (TVPA), U.S. legislation enacted in 2000. The categorisation is based on efforts to meet minimum standards for the elimination of human trafficking.

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