General Awareness

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS - July 2018

Jul 2018

Nov 30, 2025

France Introduces 10-Month Voluntary Military Scheme

President Emmanuel Macron announced the creation of a new voluntary youth military service to begin by mid-2026, which would help France respond to accelerating threats on the global stage.
The move is part of a broader shift across Europe, where nations who have long enjoyed the decades-long tranquillity of U.S. security guarantees are fretting about President Donald Trump's shifting priorities and Russia's aggressive posture.
Macron said that the voluntary scheme will be open to 18 and 19-year-olds, who would be paid, and would last 10 months.

World Telecommunication Development Conference 2025

The World Telecommunication Development Conference 2025 in Baku, Azerbaijan concluded in November 2025 with global participation from ministers, policymakers and industry leaders. Held every four years, the conference charted the strategic roadmap for worldwide telecommunications development, and drew more than 2,300 delegates from across regions.
India participated under the leadership of the Union Minister of State for Communications and Rural Development, Pemmasani Chandra Sekhar, who outlined India's vision on universal connectivity and sustainable digital transformation.
The World Telecommunication Development Conference (WTDC) is not held every year; it is a conference that takes place every four years. It is the main event for the ITU's Development Sector to set the strategic direction and a four-year work program for global telecommunications development.

Riyadh Metro Enters Guinness World Records as the World Longest Driverless Network

Riyadh Metro officially secured a place in the Guinness World Records as the world's longest fully driverless metro system. Spanning 176 km and operating across six integrated lines with 85 stations, the network marks a significant leap in Saudi Arabia's pursuit of advanced, technology-driven urban mobility.
This achievement really puts Riyadh on the map as a global leader in high-tech transportation.

Nov 29, 2025

Jakarta Becomes World's Most Populous City In 2025

Jakarta overtook Tokyo as the world's most populous city, according to a UN study that uses new criteria to give a more accurate picture of the rapid urbanisation driving the growth of megacities.
The Indonesian capital is home to 42 million people, according to an estimate by the population division of the UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs in its World Urbanisation Prospects 2025 report published in November 2025.
Jakarta is followed by the Bangladeshi capital Dhaka with 37 million people. With a population of 33 million, Tokyo – defined in the study as a megalopolis that includes three neighbouring prefectures – slipped to third place. That contrasts dramatically with the UN's previous report in 2018, which placed the Japanese capital top with a population of 37 million.

Nov 28, 2025

Gen Horta N'Tam New Guinea-Bissau Leader

An army general was sworn in as Guinea-Bissau's new head of state a day after an apparent coup.
Gen Horta N'Tam became the transitional President for a period of one year. He took the oath in brief and muted proceedings at army headquarters.
Some civil society groups in Guinea-Bissau have accused outgoing President Umaro Sissoco Embaló of masterminding a "simulated coup" against himself with the help of the military, saying it was a ruse to block election results from coming out in case he lost.

General Sahir Shamshad Mirza Retires as Pakistan's Chairman of Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee

General Sahir Shamshad Mirza retired as Pakistan's Chairman of Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee (CJCSC), coinciding with the abolition of the top position under the newly passed 27^th Constitutional Amendment.
The major tweak in the constitution reorganised the higher defence hierarchy by introducing the post of Chief of Defence Forces (CDF).
Army Chief Field Marshal Asim Munir will be the first CDF of the country. He was appointed as the army chief in 2024 for three years.
The 27^th Constitutional Amendment allows Munir to stay in office as CDF till 2030.

Nov 27, 2025

CEC Gyanesh Kumar to Chair International IDEA in 2026

Chief Election Commissioner Gyanesh Kumar is set to assume the Chairship of the International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (International IDEA) for 2026.
He will take over the position on December 3, 2025, during the Council of Member States meeting in Stockholm, Sweden. As chair, the Chief Election Commissioner will preside over all Council meetings in 2026.
As chair, Gyanesh Kumar will leverage India's experience in holding the biggest elections in the world to influence IIDEA's international agenda.
International IDEA is an intergovernmental organisation established in 1995 with a core mission to strengthen democratic institutions and processes worldwide. Headquartered in Stockholm, the organisation currently has 35 member countries.

PM Modi Unveils Dr. Ambedkar's Bust in Paris

Prime Minister Narendra Modi expressed immense pride on the unveiling of a bust of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar at the UNESCO Headquarters in Paris on Constitution Day.
The Prime Minister stated that this historic occasion is a fitting tribute to Dr. Ambedkar and his pivotal role in the making of India's Constitution. He emphasized that Dr. Ambedkar's thoughts and ideals continue to give strength and hope to innumerable people across the world.

Nov 24, 2025

China Begins Building First Nuclear-Resistant Artificial Floating Island

In a bold stride toward futuristic infrastructure, China has begun building the world's first artificial floating island capable of withstanding nuclear explosions, severe storms, and long-term sea conditions. Scheduled for completion and operational readiness by 2028, this massive, mobile research platform marks a major leap in maritime engineering, national security, and scientific capability.
Named the Deep-Sea All-Weather Resident Floating Research Facility, the artificial island is being developed by a team from Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU).

UAE Becomes World's Third-Largest Humanitarian Donor in 2025

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) was ranked as the third-largest contributor of humanitarian aid globally in 2025, according to newly released data from the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UNOCHA). The Financial Tracking Service (FTS) report showed that the UAE contributed $1.46 billion in humanitarian assistance this year, representing 7.2% of all global aid tracked by the UN. The UAE ranked only behind the United States and the European Union, surpassing all other countries in international humanitarian giving.

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