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General Awareness

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS - March 2018

Mar 2018

Jul 05, 2020

Petro Poroshenko Accuses Volodymyr Zelenskyof Hosting Russian Fifth Column

  • Ukraine's ex-president Petro Poroshenko accused his successor, Volodymyr Zelensky, of pursuing him in the courts out of a desire for "revenge".
  • Mr. Poroshenko marched with several thousand of his supporters to a pre-trial hearing in Kyiv last week.
  • He is facing more than 20 different investigations on what he says are politically-motivated charges.
  • Mr. Poroshenko told the BBC his election defeat had led to pro-Russian figures returning to key posts in government.
  • For the past six years Kyiv has been fighting a mostly low-level conflict against separatist forces backed by Russia in eastern Ukraine.

China Has Border Dispute with Bhutan Too

  • China officially stated for the first time it has a boundary dispute with Bhutan in the eastern sector, a development with significant implications for India as the region borders Arunachal Pradesh, which is also claimed by Beijing.
  • As per the Chinese foreign ministry, the China-Bhutan boundary has never been delimited and there have been disputes over the eastern, central and western sections for a long time. A third party should not point fingers in the China-Bhutan border issue – an apparent reference to India.
  • Bhutan and China have held 24 rounds of talks between 1984 and 2016 to settle their border issue and, according to discussions in the Bhutanese parliament and other public records of these meetings, the discussions have only centred on disputes in the western and central sections of the boundary.

China Has Border Dispute with Bhutan Too

  • China officially stated for the first time it has a boundary dispute with Bhutan in the eastern sector, a development with significant implications for India as the region borders Arunachal Pradesh, which is also claimed by Beijing.
  • As per the Chinese foreign ministry, the China-Bhutan boundary has never been delimited and there have been disputes over the eastern, central and western sections for a long time. A third party should not point fingers in the China-Bhutan border issue – an apparent reference to India.
  • Bhutan and China have held 24 rounds of talks between 1984 and 2016 to settle their border issue and, according to discussions in the Bhutanese parliament and other public records of these meetings, the discussions have only centred on disputes in the western and central sections of the boundary.

Jul 04, 2020

Nepal PM KP Oli Faces Heat from Party Colleagues

  • There has been a growing rift in the ruling Nepal Communist Party (NCP) in Nepal over demands of resignation of Prime Minister KP Oli, who has been facing heat from his party colleagues for straining ties with India and reports of China encroaching almost 33 hectares of Nepalese land through road construction in Tibet.
  • A crucial meeting of Nepal ruling party NCP Standing Committee to decide the fate of KP Oli, has been postponed. The meeting has now been postponed till July 6, thus giving a 2-day breather to PM Oli.
  • In the midst of the political crisis in Nepal, Chinese Ambassador in Nepal Hou Yanqi met Nepali President Bidhya Devi Bhandari. A meeting between Hou Yanqi and Nepali President was held in the President House in Kathmandu. As per reports, China once again has been intervening in the political crisis in Nepal. Chinese ambassador Hou Yanqi is seen as a key factor behind PM Oli's unexpected move to amend a map which includes disputed territories with India.

Macron Picks Jean Castex as PM after Philippe Resigns

  • French Prime Minister Edouard Philippe tendered his resignation after heading President Emmanuel Macron's government for three years.
  • The President swiftly named centre-right mayor Jean Castex to lead a new team of ministers after a reshuffle.
  • Although Mr. Philippe was considered more popular than the President, the ruling party had poor local election results at the weekend.
  • Mr. Philippe met the President and they agreed the government would resign.
  • A reshuffle had been expected for some time, and it is common practice for a French President to replace a Prime Minister during the five-year term in office known as the "quinquennat".
  • Mr. Castex is little known in France, but he is a senior civil servant and has played a key role in the government's response to the Covid-19 pandemic.

Jul 03, 2020

Russians Clear Way for Putin to Extend His Rule

  • Russians have granted President Vladimir Putin the right to stay in power until 2036 by voting overwhelmingly for constitutional changes that reset the clock on the longtime Russian leader's tenure to zero, but critics said that the outcome was falsified on an industrial scale.
  • As per official results, after 99.9 per cent of ballots had been counted, showed that the former KGB officer who has ruled Russia for more than 20 years as President or Prime Minister had won the right to run for two more six-year terms after the current one ends in 2024.
  • According to the The Central Election Commission, 77.9 per cent of votes counted across the world's largest country had supported changing the constitution. About 21 per cent had voted against.

Britain Recognises Juan Guaido as Venezuela's President

  • Britain recognised Venezuelan opposition leader Juan Guaido as the country's President, the English High Court ruled, in a case over whether Guaido or Nicolas Maduro should control $1 billion of its gold stored in London.
  • A four-day hearing last week had been the latest part of a tug-of-war over the gold reserves held in the Bank of England and centered on which of the two rival Presidents Britain now views as Venezuela's legitimate leader.
  • In early 2019, the British government joined dozens of nations in backing Guaido, head of Venezuela's opposition-controlled congress, after he declared an interim presidency and denounced Maduro as an usurper who secured a fraudulent re-election.

Jul 02, 2020

New Zealand Cancels the 2021 APEC's Auckland Summit and Opts to Virtual Summit

  • New Zealand cancelled the 2021 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum that was scheduled to be held in Auckland, due to the COVID-19 pandemic and is opting to lead a virtual summit.
  • The 2019 leaders' meeting was cancelled by Chile due to violent anti-government protests and the virtual APEC meeting of 2020 is being hosted by Malaysia.
  • Members of APEC are: Canada, United States of America, Peru, Mexico, Chile, Republic of Korea, Japan, Chinese Taipei, Hong Kong (China), The Philippines, Brunei Darussalam, Papua New Guinea, Indonesia, Australia, New Zealand, Russia, People's Republic of China, Viet Nam, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore.

UN Raises $7.7 Billion in Humanitarian Aid for Syria

  • The United Nations raised $7.7 billion in humanitarian aid for Syria, where nine years of war has displaced millions in a humanitarian crisis exacerbated by soaring food prices and the coronavirus crisis.
  • While less than the almost $10 billion sought by U.N. agencies, the pledges were higher than expected, given the economic shock of COVID-19 on many governments and shortfalls in other aid appeals, notably for Yemen this month.
  • Pledges came from countries including Qatar, which has promised $100 million, and Germany, which offered 1.58 billion euros ($1.78 billion) in what Berlin said was the single biggest country donation.
  • The United Nations, which last year raised $7 billion, said this year it needs $3.8 billion for aid inside Syria where 11 million people require help and protection, with more than 9.3 million of them lacking adequate food.
  • Another $6.04 billion is sought to help the 6.6 million Syrians who have fled, in what is the world's biggest refugee crisis.
  • U.N. officials will still press for more pledges throughout the year, and have time as the money is split between 2020 and 2021.

Jul 01, 2020

India Accounts for 45.8 Million of the World's 'Missing Females': UN Report

  • According to a report by the United Nations, India accounts for 45.8 million of the world's 142.6 million "missing females" over the past 50 years, noting that the country along with China form the majority of such women globally.
  • As per the State of World Population 2020 report, the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), the world organisation's sexual and reproductive health agency, the number of missing women has more than doubled over the past 50 years - from 61 million in 1970 to a cumulative 142.6 million in 2020.
  • Of this global figure, India accounted for 45.8 million missing females as of 2020 and China accounted for 72.3 million.

U.S. Ends Defense Exports to Hong Kong

  • The Trump administration placed new restrictions on U.S. exports of defence equipment and certain high-technology products to Hong Kong on Monday, in response to a new Chinese law aimed at tightening Beijing's control over the territory.
  • The administration determined in late May that Hong Kong no longer had significant autonomy under Chinese rule, and promised to begin stripping away Hong Kong's privileged status with the United States if Beijing continued to crack down on civil liberties in Hong Kong.
  • The Commerce Department said that Hong Kong would now be subject to the same types of controls on certain technology exports that apply to China. Those controls block American companies from selling certain types of sensitive, high-technology products that could threaten national security to China, Russia and other countries deemed to be a security risk.
  • The effect of the new restrictions announced appear to be relatively limited in scope, given the small volume of trade the United States does with Hong Kong.

China to Join UN Arms Trade Treaty, 'Enhance' World Peace

  • China will join a global pact to regulate arms sales that has been rejected by the United States, with Beijing saying that it is committed to efforts to "enhance peace and stability" in the world.
  • The Communist Party leadership's top legislative body voted to adopt a decision on joining the UN Arms Trade Treaty that is designed to control the flow of weapons into conflict zones.
  • It comes after US President Donald Trump announced plans last year to pull the United States out of the agreement -- which entered into force in 2014.
  • The US Senate never ratified the 2013 Arms Trade Treaty after former President Barack Obama endorsed it, and Trump said that he would revoke his predecessor's signature.
  • It is among a number of international agreements reached under the Obama administration that Trump has moved to pull out of.
  • The treaty requires member countries to keep records of international transfers of weapons and to prohibit cross-border shipments that could be used in human rights violations or attacks on civilians.
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