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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS - October 2017

Oct 2017

May 20, 2021

China Offers to Host Afghan-Taliban Peace Talks

  • China, which has stepped up its diplomacy between Pakistan and Afghanistan in the wake of the US troops withdrawal from the war-torn country, has offered to host peace talks between the Afghan government and the Taliban.
  • Significantly, Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi, who in the last two-days held telephone talks with his Pakistani and Afghan counterparts, said that China will back the Afghan government headed by Ashraf Ghani in playing a leading role.
  • The offer to facilitate peace talks was made during Wang's phone talks with his Afghan counterpart Mohammad Haneef Atmar.
  • The US troop pull-out has raised concerns in Beijing that it may lead to the regrouping of Xinjiang province's Uygur Muslim militants in Afghanistan, which shares borders with China.

Penpa Tsering Elected President of Central Tibetan Administration

  • Penpa Tsering, former speaker of the Tibetan Parliament-in-Exile, has been elected as the president of the Central Tibetan Administration.
  • Tsering secured 34,324 votes to secure the post of 'Sikyong' (political leader), whereas Kalsang Dorjee Aukatsang won 28,907 votes in the polls, said Chief Election Commissioner of the Tibetan government-in-exile, Wangdu Tsering Pesur during an online press briefing.
  • He also announced the appointment of 45 members of the Tibetan Parliament-in-Exile.
  • More than 83,000 Tibetans living in 26 countries participated in the third and final round of voting for the election to the post of Sikyong.
  • The 45 new members of the 17th Tibetan Parliament-in-Exile will include 10 members representing each of Tibet's three traditional provinces---U-tsang, Kham, and Amdo---and two representatives from each of Tibet's four major schools of Buddhism and pre-Buddhist Bon religion.

Nepal Supreme Court Refuses to Issue Interim Order on Oath Taken by PM Oli

  • In a temporary relief for Nepal's embattled Prime Minister K P Sharma Oli, the Supreme Court refused to issue an interim order on the writ petitions against his controversial oath-taking and reappointment of the seven ministers who are not lawmakers.
  • Four writ petitions were filed in the Supreme Court of Nepal demanding that Prime Minister K P Sharma Oli be sworn in again as he disgraced the office of the President by refusing to repeat all the words she recited during the oath-taking ceremony.
  • However, the apex court has told the Office of the President and the Office of the Prime Minister and Council of Ministers to come up with written responses within 15 days regarding the oath taken by the Prime Minister.

May 19, 2021

Penpa Tsering Elected President of Central Tibetan Administration

  • Penpa Tsering, former speaker of the Tibetan Parliament-in-Exile, has been elected as the president of the Central Tibetan Administration.
  • Tsering secured 34,324 votes to secure the post of 'Sikyong' (political leader), whereas Kalsang Dorjee Aukatsang won 28,907 votes in the polls, said Chief Election Commissioner of the Tibetan government-in-exile, Wangdu Tsering Pesur during an online press briefing.
  • He also announced the appointment of 45 members of the Tibetan Parliament-in-Exile.
  • More than 83,000 Tibetans living in 26 countries participated in the third and final round of voting for the election to the post of Sikyong.
  • The 45 new members of the 17th Tibetan Parliament-in-Exile will include 10 members representing each of Tibet's three traditional provinces---U-tsang, Kham, and Amdo---and two representatives from each of Tibet's four major schools of Buddhism and pre-Buddhist Bon religion.

Nepal Supreme Court Refuses to Issue Interim Order on Oath Taken by PM Oli

  • In a temporary relief for Nepal's embattled Prime Minister K P Sharma Oli, the Supreme Court refused to issue an interim order on the writ petitions against his controversial oath-taking and reappointment of the seven ministers who are not lawmakers.
  • Four writ petitions were filed in the Supreme Court of Nepal demanding that Prime Minister K P Sharma Oli be sworn in again as he disgraced the office of the President by refusing to repeat all the words she recited during the oath-taking ceremony.
  • However, the apex court has told the Office of the President and the Office of the Prime Minister and Council of Ministers to come up with written responses within 15 days regarding the oath taken by the Prime Minister.

China Offers to Host Afghan-Taliban Peace Talks

  • China, which has stepped up its diplomacy between Pakistan and Afghanistan in the wake of the US troops withdrawal from the war-torn country, has offered to host peace talks between the Afghan government and the Taliban.
  • Significantly, Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi, who in the last two-days held telephone talks with his Pakistani and Afghan counterparts, said that China will back the Afghan government headed by Ashraf Ghani in playing a leading role.
  • The offer to facilitate peace talks was made during Wang's phone talks with his Afghan counterpart Mohammad Haneef Atmar.
  • The US troop pull-out has raised concerns in Beijing that it may lead to the regrouping of Xinjiang province's Uygur Muslim militants in Afghanistan, which shares borders with China.

May 18, 2021

Russia Warns West against Arctic Encroachment

  • Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov warned Western countries against staking claims in the Arctic ahead of this week's Arctic Council meeting in Reykjavik.
  • The Arctic in recent years has become the site of geopolitical competition between the countries that form the Arctic Council (Russia, the United States, Canada, Norway, Denmark, Sweden, Finland and Iceland) as global warming makes the region more accessible.
  • A ministerial meeting of the eight-country council will take place later this week.
  • President Vladimir Putin in recent years has made Russia's Arctic region a strategic priority and ordered investment in military infrastructure and mineral extraction.

International Museum Day

  • International Museum Day (IMD) is an international day held annually on or around 18 May, coordinated by the International Council of Museums (ICOM). The event highlights a specific theme which changes every year to reflect the basis of the international museum community's preoccupations.
  • Since 1977, every year, ICOM has organised International Museum Day. The day also represents a unique moment for the international museum community.
  • Each year, all museums in the world are invited to participate in IMD to promote the role of museums around in the world, creating unique, enjoyable and free activities around a theme discussed within the ICOM community for this special day. Since its creation in 1977, International Museum Day has gained increasing attention. In 2009, International Museum Day attracted the participation of 20,000 museums hosting events in more than 90 countries. In 2010, 98 countries participated in the celebration, with 100 in 2011, and 30,000 museums in 129 countries in 2012. In 2011, the official IMD poster was translated into 37 languages. Since 2012, this number jumped by one to 38.
  • The theme for International Museum Day is "The Future of Museums: Recover and Reimagine".

US Sanctions Myanmar Junta Leaders

  • The US placed more members of Myanmar's ruling military junta on a financial blacklist on Monday for the deadly attacks against civilians following the February coup in the southeast Asian nation. The Treasury Department's Office of Foreign Assets Control imposed financial sanctions on 16 persons and the newly created State Administration Council.
  • The designation freezes any assets they have within a US jurisdiction and bars anyone within a US jurisdiction from conducting any financial transactions with them. Thirteen of them are senior members of Myanmar's military, which seized control of the country in February.

May 17, 2021

Biden Calls Netanyahu, Says Israel has Right to Defend Itself

  • President Joe Biden held telephonic conversation with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and reaffirmed his strong support for Israel's right to defend itself against rocket attacks from Hamas and other terrorist groups.
  • Biden noted in his conversation with Netanyahu that this current period of conflict has tragically claimed the lives of Israeli and Palestinian civilians, including children.
  • The President updated the Prime Minister on high-level US engagement with regional partners on this issue and discussed ongoing diplomatic efforts.

Myanmar UN Envoy Urges International Community to Cut Tatmadaw's Finance Flows

  • Myanmar's ambassador to the United Nations (UN) Kyaw Moe Tun has urged the international community to cut off financial flows to the country's military Tatmadaw.
  • He called for support for the national unity government, which was set up by those opposed to military rule. He also asked countries in the region to give refuge to people forced to leave their homes due to the military's actions, such as airstrikes.
  • Kyaw also talked about the reported move by some anti-coup protesters to take up arms to confront the military.

Biden Revokes Trump Order that Sought to Limit Social Media Firms' Protections

  • U.S. President Biden revoked an executive order by former President Donald Trump that had directed regulators to limit liability protections for social media companies.
  • The Center for Democracy and Technology, which had sued to block Trump's May 2020 order, praised Biden's reversal, arguing Trump's order "was an attempt to use threats of retaliation to coerce social media companies into allowing disinformation and hateful speech to go unchecked."
  • Trump unsuccessfully demanded the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) set new rules to limit protections for social media firms under the 1996 Communications Decency Act. It shields the companies from liability for content posted by their users and allows them to remove lawful but objectionable posts.

May 16, 2021

Zimbabwe High Court Forces Out Chief Justice

  • Zimbabwe's High Court has ruled that the president's extension of the Chief Justice's term of office by five years is illegal.
  • A group of lawyers had challenged the move which followed a recent constitutional amendment passed by parliament that raised the retirement age of senior judges from 70 to 75.
  • The judges ruled that Luke Malaba, who turned 70, had ceased to be Chief Justice as any constitutional amendment needed to be put to a referendum.
  • Justice Malaba faced some criticism in 2018 for dismissing an opposition petition which had sought to annul the election of President Emmerson Mnangagwa - alleging the vote had been marred by "mammoth theft and fraud".
  • It was Zimbabwe's first election following the ousting the year before of long-time leader Robert Mugabe.
  • The recent constitutional amendments also allow Mr. Mnangagwa to appoint senior judges without being vetted by parliament and remove the requirement for a running mate in presidential elections.

Raisi and Larijani Enter Iran Presidential Race

  • Iran's judiciary chief Ebrahim Raisi and former parliamentary speaker Ali Larijani have registered to run in next month's presidential election.
  • The two conservatives, who have close ties with Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, are seen as the leading contenders to succeed Hassan Rouhani.
  • Mr Rouhani, a moderate, is not allowed to run for a third consecutive term.
  • More than 300 other hopefuls have also applied to be candidates. They must all now be vetted by the Guardian Council.
  • The 12 theologians and jurists on the council approved only six of the more than 1,600 candidates for the last election in 2017, which Mr. Rouhani won in the first round with 57% of the vote. Mr. Raisi came second with 38%.
  • Since then there has been rising discontent in Iran over the state of the country's economy, which has been crippled by US sanctions reinstated in 2018 by then-President Donald Trump.
  • He abandoned a nuclear deal negotiated by Mr. Rouhani that saw Iran limit its nuclear activities in return for sanctions relief. Iran stopped abiding by key commitments in response to the move.

China World's First Country to Ban Synthetic Cannabinoids

  • China will become the world's first country to ban all synthetic cannabinoid substances. The ban is likely to come into effect on July 1. The move comes as China tries to curb the manufacturing & trafficking of the drug. The synthetic cannabinoids are highly camouflaged, as some are found in e-cigarette oil, and some are found in cut tobacco made from various flower petals, or plant stems and leaves. In Xinjiang, it has a commonly known nickname of "Natasha."
  • Synthetic cannabinoids are highly camouflaged, as some are found in e-cigarette oil & some are found in cut tobacco made from leaves, flower petals, etc.
  • The synthetic cannabinoid has become one of the most-abused new psychoactive substances.
  • Cannabinoid substances pose a severe threat to society, where the abuse of such substances gives rise to incidents such as intentional injuries and impaired driving.
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