General Awareness

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY - June 2017

Jun 2017

Jan 22, 2023

IIT Madras Develops BharOS - India's Indigenious Mobile Operating System

An IIT Madras-incubated firm has developed an Indigenous Mobile Operating System that can benefit India's 100 crore mobile phone users. Called 'BharOS,' this software can be installed on commercial off-the-shelf handsets. It provides a secure environment for users and is a significant contribution towards 'Atmanirbhar Bharat.'
BharOS Services are currently being provided to organisations that have stringent privacy and security requirements whose users handle sensitive information that requires confidential communications on restricted apps on mobiles. Such users require access to private cloud services through private 5G networks.
BharOS comes with No Default Apps (NDA). This means that users are not forced to use apps that they may not be familiar with or that they may not trust. Additionally, this approach allows users to have more control over the permissions that apps have on their device.

Jan 21, 2023

NASA Awards 425 Million to Boeing for Fuel-efficient Airliner Research

NASA awarded $425 million to Boeing Co (BA.N) for the agency's "Sustainable Flight Demonstrator" project as the Biden administration works to cut aviation sector emissions.
Boeing will work with NASA to build, test, and fly a full-scale demonstrator aircraft and validate technologies aimed at lowering emissions.
Over seven years, NASA will invest $425 million, while Boeing and its partners will contribute the remainder of the agreement funding, estimated at about $725 million.
The "Transonic Truss-Braced Wing" demonstrator single-aisle airplane aims to reduce fuel consumption and emissions by up to 30%. The concept involves an aircraft with extra-long, ultrathin wings stabilized by diagonal struts and higher-aspect ratios that could eventually accommodate advanced propulsion systems.

Jan 20, 2023

NASA-JAXA's Geotail Mission for Studying Earth Ends after 30 Years

The NASA-JAXA (Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency) Geotail spacecraft, which was involved in studying Earth's magnetosphere, the protective magnetic bubble of the planet finally came to an end after 30 long years in orbit.
The mission for this operation Geotail ended after the failure of the spacecraft's remaining data recorder. Although the spacecraft survived more than six times longer than it was planned.
The Geotail mission was launched on 24 July, 1992 from Cape Canaveral Fla./ Launch Complex 17 A. The spacecraft was launched in Delta 6925 (no. D212). In July 2012, Geotail marked 20 years of continuous operation.
The Geotail mission was a joint project of Japan's Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) and later, from 2003, the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) and NASA.

Jan 19, 2023

ISRO 'Shukrayaan' Mission to Planet Venus Shifted to 2031

P. Sreekumar, the Satish Dhawan Professor at the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and advisor to its space science programme, stated that the organisation has not yet received approval from the Indian government for the Venus mission and that, as a result, the mission may be delayed until 2031. Shukrayaan I, the ISRO Venus mission, was scheduled to launch in December 2024. The concept was conceived in 2012; five years later, after the Department of Space got a 23% increase in the 2017–2018 budget, ISRO started preliminary investigations. In April 2017, the organisation requested payload proposals from research institutions.
Shukrayaan-I will be a mission for an orbiter. A high-resolution synthetic aperture radar and a ground-penetrating radar are two of its current scientific payloads. From an elliptical orbit, the mission will likely research Venus's geological and volcanic activities, emissions on the surface, wind speed, cloud cover, and other planetary features.

Jan 18, 2023

IISc and McGill University Detect Radio Signals

Astronomers from McGill University in Canada and the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) in Bengaluru used data from the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) in Pune to detect a radio signal originating from atomic hydrogen in an extremely distant galaxy.
According to an IISc, the astronomical distance over which such a signal has been picked up is the largest so far by a large margin. This is also the first confirmed detection of strong lensing of 21 cm emission from a galaxy.

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