General Awareness

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY - December 2016

Dec 2016

May 04, 2022

Russia to Pull Out of International Space Station: Roscosmos

US space agency NASA and Russia's state space corporation Roscosmos have been the two largest partners on the International Space Station (ISS) for the last three decades. The two organisations have agreed to work together on the ISS through 2024, but on December 31, 2021, US President Joe Biden's administration committed to extending the operations through 2030. While Russia did not formally agree to the extension, in January 2022, Rogozin had said that Roscosmos and NASA were in talks on extending the operation of the ISS until 2030. But Russia's ongoing invasion of Ukraine, affected space cooperation between the two countries and Roscosmos's participation in the extension started to seem unlikely.
Russia has already made the decision to pull out of the International Space Station, likely in about two years time, chief of Roscosmos Dmitry Rogozin said.

May 03, 2022

IIT-Mandi Team Discovers Molecule that Can be Used for Treatment of Diabetes

Researchers at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) in Mandi identified a drug molecule which triggers the release of insulin by pancreas and can potentially be used as an orally administered medicine for diabetes. According to the research team, the molecule is called PK2 and the findings of the research have been published in the Journal of Biological Chemistry.
Diabetes is associated with insufficient insulin release by beta cells of pancreas in response to blood glucose levels. The release of insulin entails many intricate biochemical processes. One such process involves protein structures called GLP1R present in the cells. A hormonal molecule called GLP1, released after the ingestion of a meal, binds to the GLP1R and triggers the release of insulin.

May 02, 2022

UAE's Probe Finds New Auroras on Mars

Emirates Mars Mission (EMM) probe, Hope, captured stunning images of Mars' enigmatic auroras that will provide new insights into the interactions between the Red Planet's atmosphere, its magnetic fields and the solar wind.
Auroras are dancing waves of light like the northern lights seen on Earth. They appear on a planet when solar activity disturbs its atmosphere.
The latest observations by EMM include a never-before seen phenomenon, dubbed the 'sinuous discrete aurora' -- a huge worm-like aurora that extends halfway around the Red Planet.

NASA Scientists Crack 60-year-old Mystery of Explosions on Sun

Scientists at NASA developed a theory that explains how explosions occur on the Sun, and help better predict geomagnetic storms and solar flares that can impact Earth. An explosive process called magnetic reconnection triggers solar flares, which can, in just minutes, release enough energy to power the whole world for 20,000 years. Scientists have spent the last half-century trying to understand how this process happens.
The team at NASA's Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission (MMS) has a new theory that explains how the most explosive type of magnetic reconnection - called fast reconnection - occurs and why it happens at a consistent speed.
Magnetic reconnection is a process that occurs in plasma - energetic, fluid-like material that is exquisitely sensitive to magnetic fields.
From flares on the Sun, to near Earth space, to black holes, plasmas throughout the universe undergo magnetic reconnection, which rapidly converts magnetic energy into heat and acceleration. While there are several types of magnetic reconnection, one particularly puzzling variant is known as fast reconnection, which occurs at a predictable rate.

May 01, 2022

60 Countries Join Hands for Open, Free and Secure Global Internet

The US, all the European Union (EU) member states and 32 non-EU countries signed a "Declaration for the Future of the Internet" that calls for an "open, free, global, interoperable, reliable, and secure" internet.
The declaration represents a political commitment among partners to advance a positive vision for the internet and digital technologies.
It also reaffirms and recommits its partners to a single global Internet - one that is truly open and fosters competition, privacy, and respect for human rights.
The declaration aims to protect human rights and fundamental freedoms of all people and promote a global Internet that advances the free flow of information.

Apr 29, 2022

SpaceX Launches NASA's Crew-4 Mission

SpaceX's Crew-4 astronaut mission for NASA was successfully launched atop the Falcon 9 rocket from NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The SpaceX Crew Dragon spacecraft, named Freedom by the crew, successfully separated from the second stage of the Falcon 9 rocket and is now flying on its own.
Harrison Schmitt, the last person to step on the moon with the Apollo 17 mission in 1972, was at the Kennedy Space Center where he witnessed the successful launch.
The Crew-4 flight carries mission commander Kjell Lindgren, Pilot Bob Hines, and mission specialist Jessica Watkins, all of whom are NASA astronauts. The flight also carries mission special Samantha Cristoforetti of the European Space Agency (ESA).

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