General Awareness

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY - January 2016

Jan 2016

May 10, 2022

RailTel Launches PM-WANI Based Access to its Wi-Fi at 100 Railway Stations across the Country

RailTel, a Mini Ratna PSU, launched Prime Minister Wi-Fi Access Network Interface (PM-WANI) scheme based on access to its Public WiFi services across 100 railway stations across the country. This public-friendly service was virtually launched by RailTel chairman and managing director Puneet Chawla. To access this WiFi network, android users can download the mobile app 'Wi-DOT' available on Google Play Store. This app has been developed in close coordination with C-DOT.
This method of accessing Wi-Fi through the 'mobile app' will be in addition to the existing method of accessing WiFi at these stations through the conventional method of selecting RailWire Service Set Identifier (SSID).
PM-WANI is an ambitious program of the Department of Telecom (DoT) to connect all silo Wi-Fi networks for ease of use and proliferate broadband usage for the masses. The government further plans to extend the PM-WANI-based access of RailTel's public Wi-Fi services to all 6,102 railway stations in a phased manner by the end of June 2022.

May 09, 2022

SpaceX Dragon Endurance Crew-3 Returns after 6-months

On board SpaceX Dragon Endurance, three NASA astronauts and one from the European Space Agency landed safely on Earth from the International Space Station. SpaceX spacecraft 'Dragon' made a touchdown on the Gulf of Mexico off the coast of Florida after spending six months on the International Space Station (ISS). The spacecraft carried four astronauts including Indian-American astronaut Raja Chari.
SpaceX was founded in 2002 by Elon Musk, the billionaire CEO of electric carmaker Tesla Inc, who recently clinched a deal to buy Twitter. California-based SpaceX has launched seven human spaceflights in all over the past two years - five for NASA and two for private ventures - as well as dozens of cargo and satellite payload missions since 2012.

Country's First 'Flow Chemistry Technology Hub' set up in Hyderabad

The Telangana government in collaboration with pharma majors such as Dr Reddy's Laboratories and Laurus Labs as well as academia has set up a one-of-its-kind flow chemistry technology hub (FCTH) at the Dr Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences (DRILS).
The hub, which houses state-of-the-art flow chemistry equipment, will provide hands-on training and promote scientific capability building to ensure greater incorporation of flow chemistry techniques in pharma R&D and greater adoption of continuous synthesis for manufacturing of active pharma ingredients (APIs).

May 08, 2022

ISRO 2024 Venus Mission

After sending missions to the Moon and Mars, ISRO is now readying a spacecraft to orbit Venus to study what lies below the surface of the solar system's hottest planet, and also unravel the mysteries under the sulfuric acid clouds enveloping it.
The space agency is eyeing the December 2024 window for its launch with orbital maneuvers planned for the following year when Earth and Venus would be so aligned that the spacecraft could be put in the neighbouring planet's orbit using a minimum amount of propellant.
The next similar window would be available in 2031.

May 07, 2022

Lunar Soil Contains Active Compounds that Can Convert Carbon Dioxide into Oxygen and Fuels

In light of significant efforts being taken toward manned deep space exploration, it is of high technological importance and scientific interest to develop the lunar life support system for long-term exploration. Lunar resource utilization offers a great opportunity to provide the material basis of life support for lunar habitation and traveling. Based on the analysis of the structure and composition of the sample returned by China's Chang'e-5 mission, lunar soil has the potential for lunar solar energy conversion, i.e., extraterrestrial photosynthetic catalysts.
After analyzing the Chang'e 5 lunar soil sample, scientits found the sample contains compounds — including iron-rich and titanium-rich substances — that could work as a catalyst to make desired products such as oxygen using sunlight and carbon dioxide.

May 06, 2022

Giant MRI of Antarctica Reveals 'Fossil Seawater' under Ice Sheet

Beneath a fast-flowing ice stream in West Antarctica, scientists have discovered a vast aquifer brimming with seawater that's likely been locked down there for thousands of years.
This is the first time scientists have detected groundwater beneath an ice stream in Antarctica, and the discovery could reshape our understanding of how the frigid continent reacts to climate change and what kinds of mysterious organisms lurk beneath its many ice shelves.

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