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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

02 Mar 2026

DAILY G.K. TEST

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ENVIRONMENT

Two new Ramsar wetlands designated in India ahead of World Wetlands Day

Two more sites have been added to India’s Ramsar list: Patna Bird Sanctuary in Etah district, Uttar Pradesh, and Chhari-Dhand in Kutch district, Gujarat. Environment Minister Bhupender Yadav announced the designation on the social media platform X, ahead of World Wetlands Day on 2 February 2026. The new entries expand India’s Ramsar network, reinforcing protection for migratory and resident birds and for desert wildlife such as chinkara, wolves, caracal, desert cats and desert foxes. The government notes Ramsar status supports habitat management, biodiversity protection and eco-tourism. Local communities are expected to benefit from enhanced conservation funding and governance.
  • Ramsar sites: Patna Bird Sanctuary (UP) and Chhari-Dhand (Gujarat) added
  • Announcement made by Environment Minister Bhupender Yadav on X
  • Ahead of World Wetlands Day, 2 February 2026
  • Sites provide habitat for migratory and resident birds and desert wildlife
  • Ramsar status aids habitat management, biodiversity protection and eco-tourism

Ramsar update: Patna Bird Sanctuary and Chhari-Dhand added to Ramsar list (repeat coverage)

A reiteration of the Ramsar designation news confirms Patna Bird Sanctuary in Etah district, Uttar Pradesh, and Chhari-Dhand in Kutch district, Gujarat, were added to India’s Ramsar network following governmental confirmation. The development reinforces India’s wetlands conservation efforts and biodiversity protection, aligning with national environmental goals. Officials emphasise that Ramsar status improves site management and biodiversity outcomes, while supporting eco-tourism and local livelihoods in affected districts. The announcement reaffirms ongoing commitments to preserve critical wetland habitats across the country.
  • Reaffirmation: Patna Bird Sanctuary (UP) and Chhari-Dhand (Gujarat) added
  • Context: Ramsar network expansion
  • Benefits: improved management, biodiversity protection
  • Impact: potential eco-tourism and community livelihoods
  • Source: official government communications

India receives nine Botswana cheetahs at Kuno National Park as population nears 48

Nine cheetahs from Botswana arrived at Kuno National Park in Madhya Pradesh and were placed in quarantine enclosures for health monitoring and acclimatisation. Environment Minister Bhupender Yadav welcomed the predators, increasing India’s cheetah population to 48, which includes 28 India-born cubs. The cheetahs, six females and three males, will gradually be released into the wild under Project Cheetah. The arrival marks a major step in wildlife restoration and international collaboration, strengthening India’s biodiversity goals and habitat connectivity plans. Officials emphasise continued veterinary oversight and phased reintroduction to natural habitats.
  • Nine cheetahs from Botswana arrive at Kuno National Park
  • Total cheetah population now 48; 28 India-born cubs
  • Six females, three males; quarantine and health monitoring
  • Part of Project Cheetah biodiversity initiative
  • Gradual release into the wild after acclimatisation
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

39th India International Leather Fair opens in Chennai

The 39th India International Leather Fair began in Chennai for a three‑day run, showcasing leather products, machinery, and allied technologies. The fair highlights cutting‑edge technologies such as additive manufacturing, AI in design, data analytics, software and augmented reality applications, and digital enterprises. The event underscores India’s growing presence in the leather sector in the global market and ties to industrial policy with broader economic ties, including export growth and investment within the sector aligned to national development priorities.
  • Event: 39th India International Leather Fair
  • Location: Chennai, Tamil Nadu
  • Duration: three days
  • Focus: leather products, machinery, digital tech (AI, AR, additive manufacturing)
  • Impact: supports export growth and investment in leather sector

IndiGo CEO Pieter Elbers resigns; Rahul Bhatia to take interim charge

IndiGo parent InterGlobe Aviation announced on 10 March 2026 that Chief Executive Officer Pieter Elbers has resigned with immediate effect. Rahul Bhatia, Managing Director of IndiGo, will assume interim management until a new chief is appointed. The resignation follows the airline’s recent operational challenges and is expected to prompt leadership and strategic realignment. Market observers anticipate continued focus on restoring schedules, reliability and customer experience as the carrier navigates post‑crisis recovery and competitive dynamics in Indian aviation.
  • Executive change: Pieter Elbers resigns as IndiGo CEO
  • Effective: close of business 10 March 2026
  • Interim leader: Rahul Bhatia takes over
  • Context: post‑crisis recovery in Indian aviation
  • Market impact: leadership transition amidst competition

Air India to levy fuel surcharge from March 12 due to rising ATF prices

Air India and Air India Express announced a phased fuel surcharge on tickets from 12 March 2026, citing sharp rises in aviation turbine fuel prices driven by the West Asia conflict. The surcharge, initially modest, is part of a three‑phase plan to offset higher operating costs. Airlines indicated that the increase would apply to domestic and international bookings and could affect travel prices in coming weeks. Industry experts see the surcharge as a short‑term measure to maintain service levels amid geopolitical volatility and cost pressures in the aviation sector.
  • Policy: Phased fuel surcharge by Air India group
  • Effective date: 12 March 2026
  • Reason: rising ATF prices due to West Asia conflict
  • Scope: domestic and international flights
  • Impact: potential rise in ticket prices and cost pressures
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

New Diplozentrum orchid described from Kerala's Western Ghats

Researchers have identified a new orchid species, Diplozentrum papillosum, in the high ranges of Kerala, near Kanthalloor and Marayoor in Idukki district. The plant belongs to the Diplozentrum genus, which is endemic to the southern Western Ghats, making the find significant for taxonomy and conservation. The species has been formally documented in the latest issue of the scientific journal Species. Its discovery adds to the botanical richness of the Western Ghats and highlights the region’s ongoing biodiversity. Taxonomists will monitor its distribution and habitat stability as part of conservation planning.
  • New orchid: Diplozentrum papillosum
  • Location: Kanthalloor near Marayoor, Idukki, Kerala
  • Genus Diplozentrum is endemic to southern Western Ghats
  • Documented in journal Species
  • Significance: taxonomic and conservation importance

UAE unveils SFCSI, world’s first sovereign financial cloud with AI backing

The United Arab Emirates announced the Sovereign Financial Cloud Services Infrastructure SFCSI on 27 February 2026. The central bank described SFCSI as the world’s first sovereign financial cloud that operates fully within national borders, with critical data isolated from global providers. The platform is AI powered and developed in partnership with Core42, a subsidiary of the tech group G42. The aim is to strengthen regulatory oversight and secure banking operations while advancing sovereign digital finance. The project signals the UAE’s leadership in secure cloud infrastructure for finance and its potential influence on regional monetary governance.
  • SFCSI announced on 27 February 2026
  • World’s first sovereign financial cloud infrastructure
  • Data isolation within UAE borders; regulatorily overseen
  • AI-powered platform developed with Core42 (G42 subsidiary)
  • Aims to secure banking operations and promote sovereign digital finance

Modi inaugurates Micron ATMP facility in Sanand as part of semiconductor push

Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated Micron Technology’s Semiconductor ATMP facility in Sanand, Gujarat on 28 February 2026. The Assembly, Test, Marking and Packaging plant marks a key milestone in India’s semiconductor journey and is linked to the India Semiconductor Mission. The facility will assemble, test and package advanced memory and storage products using global wafer inputs. Modi described the project as a turning point from software strength to hardware leadership and a step toward reducing import dependence. The Sanand facility signals expanded domestic capacity and underscores India’s broader goal of building a robust semiconductor ecosystem by 2030.
  • Inaugurated on 28 February 2026 in Sanand, Gujarat
  • Micron ATMP facility part of ISM framework
  • Aims to reduce import dependence and boost hardware leadership
  • Will handle assembly, testing and packaging of memory products
  • Supports India’s 2030 semiconductor ecosystem goal
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SPORTS

Carlos Alcaraz defeats Djokovic to complete career Grand Slam at Australian Open 2026

In a landmark men’s singles final on 1 February 2026, Spain’s Carlos Alcaraz defeated Novak Djokovic to complete the career Grand Slam. At 22 years old, Alcaraz became the youngest man to achieve this feat, signaling a transition in the sport as Djokovic’s era continues to influence the game. Djokovic took the opening set 6–2, but Alcaraz answered with strong baseline play and tactical poise, sealing the match 2–6, 6–2, 6–3, 7–5. The victory marked a defining moment in contemporary tennis history.
  • Event: Australian Open 2026 final
  • Winner: Carlos Alcaraz vs Novak Djokovic
  • Date: 1 February 2026
  • Achievement: career Grand Slam, youngest man to do so
  • Significance: marks transition in global tennis

Indian Navy organises half-marathon in Delhi with 13,500+ participants

The Indian Navy organised a second edition of a Delhi half-marathon, drawing more than 13,500 runners from across the national capital region. Union Youth Affairs and Sports Minister Mansukh Mandaviya highlighted the event’s link to the Fit India Movement and the Viksit Bharat 2047 vision. The race aimed to promote fitness, community involvement and national service, with participants ranging from civilians to defence personnel. Organisers noted the event’s emphasis on health, discipline and social cohesion, aligning with national goals for public wellness.
  • Event: Indian Navy Delhi Half-Marathon, second edition
  • Participants: 13,500+ from Delhi NCR
  • Theme: Fit India Movement, Viksit Bharat 2047
  • Organizer: Indian Navy
  • Message: promotes fitness and national service

Ravi Shastri stand named at Wankhede after former India captain; gates also memorialised

Mumbai’s iconic Wankhede Stadium will honour Ravi Shastri by naming a Level 1 Stand after him. The Mumbai Cricket Association approved the decision during its Apex Council meeting held on 27 February 2026. In addition, three gates will be named after Dilip Sardesai, Eknath Solkar and Diana Edulji to recognise their contributions to Mumbai and Indian cricket. The Ravi Shastri Stand commemorates his roles as a player, captain, coach and commentator for India. The honour follows MCA’s tradition of celebrating cricket legends on the city’s premier ground, reinforcing Mumbai’s rich cricket heritage at the venue.
  • Apex Council meeting approved on 27 February 2026
  • Level 1 Stand named after Ravi Shastri
  • Gates named for Sardesai, Solkar and Edulji
  • Shastri’s multiple roles: player, captain, coach, commentator
  • Reflects MCA tradition of honouring legends
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

PM Modi extends Thai Poosam greetings to the nation

Prime Minister Narendra Modi extended greetings to citizens on the occasion of Thai Poosam via social media. He wished for health, success and prosperity for all and prayed for Lord Murugan’s blessings to accompany the nation. The message reflects cultural inclusivity and the government’s engagement with major Hindu festivals as part of public messaging. The PM’s outreach underscores a steady emphasis on national unity and cultural diversity in public communication.
  • Event: Thai Poosam greetings by PM Modi
  • Medium: social media message
  • Aim: wishes for health, success, prosperity
  • Cultural link: Lord Murugan
  • Significance: public diplomacy and cultural inclusivity

Raisina Dialogue 2026: PM Modi inaugurates India’s flagship geopolitics conference

PM Narendra Modi inaugurated the 11th Raisina Dialogue in New Delhi, highlighting AI, security and the global order. The three‑day forum (5–7 March 2026) brings together global leaders and policymakers to discuss geopolitics and geoeconomics. Finland’s President Alexander Stubb joined as the chief guest in earlier sessions, while participants examined technological disruption, strategic competition and economic security. The event underscored India’s role in shaping未来 multilateral dialogues and its stance on technology governance, cyber norms and international cooperation in a rapidly evolving global landscape.
  • Event: Raisina Dialogue 2026 (New Delhi)
  • Dates: March 5–7, 2026
  • Key focus: AI, security, global order
  • Participation: global leaders and policymakers
  • Significance: India’s role in shaping geopolitics and tech governance
View Month Wise

DEFENCE

Agni Pariksha joint exercise conducted by Indian Army and ITBP in Arunachal Pradesh

The Indian Army and Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) conducted the six‑day joint training exercise Agni Pariksha in Arunachal Pradesh. Held from 19 to 24 January at Sigar in East Siang district, the drill aimed to improve combat synergy, jointmanship and artillery procedures for infantry personnel. The exercise sought to familiarise non‑artillery units with artillery coordination and firing missions, breaking traditional role silos and enhancing cross‑force interoperability. Defence officials described the exercise as a meaningful step toward integrated operations and readiness in contested border environments.
  • Exercise: Agni Pariksha, 19–24 January
  • Locations: Sigar, East Siang district, Arunachal Pradesh
  • Participants: Indian Army and ITBP
  • Focus: artillery procedures, joint coordination, firing missions
  • Purpose: deepen inter‑force integration and readiness

Ravi Kota named next CMD of Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) from May 2026

Ravi Kota, currently HAL’s Director (Operations), is set to become Chairman and Managing Director of Hindustan Aeronautics Limited in May 2026. Kota’s background includes leadership of the LCA Tejas program and negotiating HAL’s largest defense contract. His appointment follows the Public Enterprises Selection Board’s recommendation and is subject to requisite clearance. The move is seen as a strategic step to strengthen HAL’s role in Indian defense production and to advance the expansion of the LCA Mk1A fleet for the Indian Air Force.
  • Person: Ravi Kota named HAL CMD
  • Upcoming term: May 2026
  • Background: Director (Operations) at HAL
  • Notable work: LCA Tejas program leadership
  • Impact: strengthen HAL’s defense manufacturing

Air Marshal Inderpal Singh Walia assumes charge as AOC‑in‑C, Eastern Air Command

Air Marshal Inderpal Singh Walia took charge as Air Officer Commanding‑in‑Chief (AOC‑in‑C) of the Indian Air Force’s Eastern Air Command, succeeding Air Marshal Surat Singh who retired on 31 January 2026. Walia has extensive experience across multiple MiG variants and previously served as Defence Attache in Japan and South Korea. The appointment strengthens IAF leadership in the eastern theatre, including operations in the northeast and at surrounding airfields. Walia’s leadership comes as the IAF continues to modernize its fleet and expand regional capabilities.
  • New AOC-in-C: Air Marshal Inderpal Singh Walia
  • Command: Eastern Air Command
  • Prev. role: defence attache in Japan and South Korea
  • Succeeds: Air Marshal Surat Singh (retired Jan 31, 2026)
  • Context: IAF fleet modernization ongoing
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

Grammy Awards 2026 celebrate global musical breadth and new stars

The Grammy Awards 2026 showcased a mix of established icons and rising artists, highlighting global musical breadth and artistic innovation. The ceremony featured chart­toppers across pop, rap, country and Latin genres, with performances by major stars and new talents. The event underscored the Grammys’ ongoing role as a mirror of the international music landscape, acknowledging long‑standing icons as well as boundary-pushing newcomers. The evening reflected evolving listener tastes and the enduring appeal of musical excellence across diverse genres and cultures.
  • Event: Grammy Awards 2026
  • Celebrates chart-toppers and rising artists
  • genres: pop, rap, country, Latin, etc.
  • Includes both legends and boundary-pushing newcomers
  • Highlights diversity and global music trends
View Month Wise

GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

IMMA to host 6th National Crop Nutrition Summit & B2B Expo in Mumbai

The Indian Micro-Fertilizers Manufacturers Association (IMMA) will host its 6th National Crop Nutrition Summit & B2B Expo on 5–6 February 2026 at the National Stock Exchange, Bandra Kurla Complex, Mumbai. The two‑day event will bring together policymakers, industry leaders, scientists, startups and global experts to discuss policy reforms, innovation and India’s role as a global agri-input manufacturing hub. Under the theme Converge, Collaborate & Co-create, discussions will cover micronutrients, specialty fertilisers, biologicals and precision nutrition, reflecting soil health needs and evolving farming practices. IMMA aims to bolster India’s export and manufacturing capabilities in the agri‑input value chain.
  • Summit & B2B Expo on 5–6 February 2026, Mumbai
  • Theme: Converge, Collaborate & Co-create
  • Participants: policymakers, scientists, startups, industry leaders
  • Focus areas: micronutrients, specialty fertilisers, biologicals, precision nutrition
  • Goal: strengthen India as a global agri-input exporter/manufacturer

Madurai Airport designated international airport by Union Cabinet

The Union Cabinet approved declaring Madurai Airport, Tamil Nadu, an international airport. The decision, announced on 10 March 2026 and reported in multiple outlets, enables the Airports Authority of India to notification of customs and immigration posts and to facilitate international flights subject to bilateral slots. Tamil Nadu officials and aviation stakeholders expect increased connectivity to pilgrimage sites and enhanced economic activity in southern districts. Orders are expected to be issued by the Airports Authority of India as part of the enhanced international gateway network.
  • Decision: Madurai Airport international status
  • Date: 10 March 2026 (announcement date)
  • Authority: Union Cabinet and AAI
  • Impact: greater international connectivity and economic activity
  • Context: part of expanding regional international gateways

Tripura launches State Innovation Mission under AIM 2.0 to spur local startups

Tripura launched its first State Innovation Mission under the Atal Innovation Mission 2.0, aligned with NITI Aayog's State Support Mission. The launch took place at Hapania International Exhibition Centre in Agartala and was attended by Chief Minister Manik Saha and key policymakers. AIM 2.0 aims to build robust, context-specific innovation ecosystems, linking government, educational institutions and industry to foster entrepreneurship. The SIM intends to promote Make from Tripura solutions, provide incubation support and access to funding, and position the state as an innovation-driven economy in the Northeast.
  • First SIM launched under AIM 2.0 in Tripura
  • Event held at Hapania International Exhibition Centre, Agartala
  • Attended by CM Manik Saha and others
  • AIM 2.0 reinforces state-level innovation ecosystems
  • Focus on Make from Tripura and incubator support
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

St Stephen’s HSS Kerala celebrates centenary; VP attends event

Vice President C. P. Radhakrishnan inaugurated the centenary celebrations of St Stephen’s Higher Secondary School in Pathanapuram, Kerala. He described the institution as a milestone in education and nation-building, stressing that education should extend beyond textbooks and cultivate critical thinking, empathy, resilience and integrity in a rapidly changing world. The event brought together students, teachers and alumni, reflecting the school’s long-standing role in shaping responsible citizens and leaders. The celebration underscores the value of enduring educational institutions in regional development and national service.
  • Centenary celebrations inaugurated by Vice President
  • St Stephen’s HSS Pathanapuram celebrated 100 years
  • Education beyond textbooks emphasized by VP
  • Focus on critical thinking, empathy and resilience
  • Alumni and teachers participated in commemorations
View Month Wise

ART AND CULTURE

Zapotec Owl Tomb uncovered in Oaxaca reveals 1,400-year-old burial practices

Archaeologists in southern Mexico uncovered a remarkably preserved tomb dating to around AD 600 in San Pablo Huitzo, Oaxaca. The tomb belongs to the Zapotec civilisation, also called the ‘Cloud People,’ and offers unprecedented insights into Indigenous funerary rites and social organisation from nearly 1,400 years ago. Discovered in 2025 during investigations into looting, the burial site complements existing knowledge of Zapotec culture and its regional development in the Oaxaca Valley. The find highlights the long history of complex societies in Mesoamerica and their enduring heritage within modern Indigenous communities.
  • Discovery: Zapotec tomb in San Pablo Huitzo, Oaxaca
  • Dating: around AD 600, ~1,400 years old
  • Civilisation: Zapotec (Cloud People)
  • Found during 2025 looting investigations
  • Significance: insight into funerary practices and social structure

12th‑century Yadava pillar fragments found near Wardha settle cultural significance

Archaeologists reported fragments of a 12th century Mandir style pillar near the Vena River in Hinganghat, Wardha district, Maharashtra, about 70 kilometres from Nagpur. Identified by idol researcher Panchsheel Thul during a study of riverbank mandir sites, the pieces show intricate carvings linked to the Seuna or Yadava dynasty. Researchers suggest the pillar could be part of a sabhamandap or a front of a garbhagriha, with another fragment possibly the pedestal of a main pillar. The find underscores Wardha’s medieval temple architecture and could prompt further excavations to map a larger temple complex in the area.
  • Pillar fragments found near the Vena River, Wardha
  • Date-claimed attribution to 12th century Yadava dynasty
  • Intricate Mandir style carvings observed
  • Possible sabhamandap or garbhagriha pedestal remains
  • Indicates a potentially larger temple complex nearby

Jammu University to host Goonj 2026 youth festival; chancellor to inaugurate

The University of Jammu announced Goonj 2026, its flagship multi-genre youth festival to be held over two days. Lieutenant Governor Manoj Sinha, who serves as Chancellor, will inaugurate the event. Launched in 2024, Goonj aims to promote holistic student development, leadership and teamwork beyond academics. The festival celebrates creativity across arts, music, theatre and sports and fosters collaboration among university communities to showcase talent and institutional spirit. Organisers emphasise youth engagement, mentorship and the opportunity for students to explore talents beyond the curriculum.
  • Goonj 2026 announced by University of Jammu
  • Two-day youth festival; inauguration by LG Manoj Sinha
  • Launched in 2024; focuses on holistic development
  • Themes across arts, music, theatre, sports
  • Promotes collaboration and leadership among students
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TOURISM AND HOTEL INDUSTRY AWARENESS

Mangaluru Airport wins ASQ Arrivals Award 2025; second consecutive year

Mangaluru International Airport has been selected among six airports worldwide for the Airports Council International ASQ Awards 2025 in the Best Airport at Arrivals category. The award recognises passenger satisfaction based on real-time feedback gathered through the ASQ survey. Managed by Adani Airport Holdings Limited, the airport’s service quality improvements have sustained this international recognition for two consecutive years, reflecting Karnataka’s growing tourism and regional connectivity. The accolade underscores India’s rising standards in passenger experience and airport operations in a competitive global aviation market.
  • ASQ Awards 2025: Best Airport at Arrivals
  • Mangaluru Airport among six global airports recognised
  • Second consecutive year of ASQ Arrivals award
  • Managed by Adani Airport Holdings Limited
  • Highlights improvements in service quality and connectivity
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