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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

17 Oct 2025

DAILY G.K. TEST

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ENVIRONMENT

Yadav Urges G20 Nations to Act as a Bridge between Ambition and Implementation of Climate Action Plans

  • Union Environment Minister Bhupender Yadav, represented India at the G20 environment ministers' meeting in Cape Town, South Africa, and urged the group of big and emerging economies to "act as a bridge" between ambition and implementation, ensuring that every nation's contribution is respected and every nation's capacity is enhanced to meet the environmental challenges and climate action goals.
  • The meeting ahead of the upcoming UN climate summit (COP30) is seen as an effort to push for an ambitious outcome at Belem, Brazil next month. Many countries, including India, are expected to submit their updated NDCs ahead of COP30. India will also submit national adaptation plan to the UN climate body.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

India, Brazil Agree to Deepen trade Agreement with MERCOSUR Countries

  • India and Brazil reaffirmed their commitment to strengthening trade ties through a deeper MERCOSUR-India Preferential Trade Agreement (PTA), according to a release by the Ministry of Commerce & Industry.
  • The announcement came after a meeting between Brazil's Vice President and Minister of Development, Industry, Trade and Services, Geraldo Alckmin, and Union Minister of Commerce and Industry, Piyush Goyal.
  • The two leaders welcomed the mutual interest of India and MERCOSUR Member States in expanding the existing PTA to promote trade and investment. Recalling the Framework Agreement signed in 2003, they agreed that the expansion should be substantial, aiming for a significant share of bilateral trade to benefit from tariff preferences.
  • The full member countries of MERCOSUR are Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay, while Bolivia became a full member in July 2015. Venezuela was a member but was suspended in 2016.

India must 'Fire on all Cylinders' to Sustain Growth and Boost Trade, Says IMF

  • India must fire on all cylinders with focus on domestic demand, reforms, investment, innovation, and trade integration, to sustain high growth and meet its long-term development goals, Krishna Srinivasan, IMF Director of the Asia and Pacific Department (APD), said.
  • On India's current economic performance, Srinivasan said growth remains strong despite global shocks. "India continues to be the fastest growing major economy.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

India to Have its Own Space Station by 2035

  • ISRO chairman V. Narayanan said that India will establish its own space station by 2035 and its initial modules can be installed in space starting 2027.
  • Speaking at the 14th convocation ceremony of IIT-BHU in Varanasi, he said that the Indian Space Research Organisation after ensuring soft landing of Chandrayaan-3 is now working on its next versions. Besides, there is progress on the Gaganyaan-3 mission, he added.
  • The ISRO chief also said that the organisation is moving towards building a self-sustaining and robust space eco-system.
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SPORTS

Abhishek Sharma, Smriti Mandhana Crowned ICC's Players of the Month for September

  • Indian left-handed batters Abhishek Sharma and Smriti Mandhana were adjudged the men's and women's Players of the month for September 2025, for their stellar showings with the bat.
  • Abhishek Sharma had an outstanding Asia Cup 2025, where he made 314 runs in seven matches at a strike rate of 200. Those exploits helped him win the Player of the tournament award at the continental event, where India beat Pakistan by five wickets in the final at Dubai.
  • Indian women's team vice-captain Smriti Mandhana was adjudged the women's Player of the month for September. The 29-year-old made two centuries against Australia in New Chandigarh and New Delhi, respectively.

Kane Williamson Joins Lucknow Super Giants

  • Lucknow Super Giants owner Sanjiv Goenka announced that former New Zealand captain Kane Williamson joined the franchise as their new Strategic Advisor ahead of IPL 2026. The franchise, which finished seventh in the 2025 season, will be looking to rebuild after a disappointing campaign despite boasting some of the biggest names in world cricket, including Rishabh Pant — who became the highest-paid player in IPL history with a Rs. 27 crore deal at the auction.

Olympic Champion Ariarne Titmus Ends Swimming Career

  • Four-time Olympic gold medalist Ariarne Titmus made the shock decision to end her career at the age of 25. Titmus was on a break from swimming after the Paris 2024 Olympic Games, but rather than start preparing for the Los Angeles Olympics in 2028, the Australian swimmer opted to draw curtains on her career, in a move that stunned many. At the Paris Olympics last year, Titmus had defended her 400-meter freestyle title in a race against US great Katie Ledecky and Canada's Summer McIntosh.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

National Health Authority Hosts 2-Day PM-JAY & ABDM National Review Meeting in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh

  • The National Health Authority (NHA) convened a two-day national review meeting in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, which served as a major platform for strategic alignment and knowledge exchange as well as to evaluate progress and chart the future course for two of India's flagship health initiatives – Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY) and Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM). The event brought together Dr. Sunil Kumar Barnwal, CEO of the National Health Authority; Anurag Jain, Chief Secretary, Government of Madhya Pradesh; Kiran Gopal Vaska, JS and Mission Director, ABDM); Smt. Jyoti Yadav, JS (PMJAY); J Satyanarayan, other senior officials, dignitaries, experts, and stakeholders from across the country for a comprehensive dialogue on digital healthcare transformation.

HM Shah Inaugurates 'Extradition of Fugitives: Challenges and Strategies' Conference

  • Home Minister Amit Shah reiterated that the government has adopted a zero-tolerance policy against corruption, crime, and terrorism. He was addressing the gathering after inaugurating the Extradition of Fugitives-Challenges and Strategies conference in New Delhi. Shah said that a robust mechanism is being developed to ensure bringing all offenders under the ambit of law.
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DEFENCE

The 5th Samudra Shakti Naval Exercise between India and Indonesia

  • Continuing their strategic defence cooperation in the Indo-Pacific, the Indian Navy (IN) and the Indonesian Navy concluded the 5th edition of the bilateral maritime exercise "Samudra Shakti 2025" on October 17, 2025, in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh. The joint exercise highlighted the growing maritime partnership between the two nations. Samudra Shakti, first held in 2018 under India's Act East Policy, aims to deepen operational synergy and shared maritime interests in the region.
  • Like its previous editions, Samudra Shakti 2025 was divided into two distinct phases designed to combine diplomacy, professional exchange, and tactical readiness.

DRDO's Combat Parachute System Tested at 32,000 Feet

  • In a milestone for India's indigenous defence capabilities, the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully tested the Military Combat Parachute System (MCPS) from an altitude of 32,000 feet. The test was conducted by Indian Air Force paratroopers, marking the highest deployment for a made-in-India combat parachute system.
  • The Military Combat Parachute System (MCPS) is now the only operational parachute system in India capable of safe and controlled deployment above 25,000 feet.
  • It is developed jointly by Aerial Delivery Research and Development Establishment (ADRDE), Agra and Defence Bioengineering and Electromedical Laboratory (DEBEL), Bengaluru.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

Former New Zealand Prime Minister Jim Bolger Passes Away

  • Jim Bolger, New Zealand's Prime Minister from 1990 to 1997 who helped usher in a new era of reconciliation with indigenous Maori, died aged 90.
  • Bolger entered parliament in 1972 and became leader of the National Party in 1986 before becoming Prime Minister in 1990 when the party took power. He retired from politics in 1998 and served as New Zealand's ambassador to the United States from 1998 to 2002.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

International Day for the Eradication of Poverty

  • International Day for the Eradication of Poverty is observed on October 17, every year. It is a global observance, celebrated to raise awareness about the fight against poverty and to address the need for sustainable solutions to uplift vulnerable communities. Poverty is not only a challenge but it is also a barrier to achieving social justice and development. This day serves as a reminder of the importance of collective action to achieve a poverty-free world.
  • It was first observed on October 17, 1987, when over 100,000 people gathered in Paris to honour the victims of poverty, hunger, and violence. This event marked the beginning of a global movement to fight against poverty. In 1992, the United Nations officially recognised October 17 as the International Day for the Eradication of Poverty.
  • The theme for 2025 is 'Ending social and institutional maltreatment by ensuring respect and effective support for families'.
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

Singer Sam Fender Wins Mercury Prize for Album 'People Watching'

  • Sam Fender won the Mercury Prize for his third album "People Watching", beating the likes of band Pulp and singer FKA Twigs for the British music award.
  • Fender was previously nominated in 2022 for his second album "Seventeen Going Under".
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GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

"Per Drop More Crop (PDMC)" Scheme Gets New Flexibility

  • The Government introduced new flexibility under the Per Drop More Crop (PDMC) scheme to promote efficient water use and boost farmer income.
  • The Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare informed that the initiative will empower States and Union Territories to take up micro-level water storage and conservation projects as part of Other Interventions (OI).
  • The Ministry further said that States and UTs can now plan micro-level water management activities-such as diggi construction and water harvesting systems-based on local needs. It added that these systems are developed for individual farmers as well as community use, ensuring sustainable water availability for micro-irrigation.
  • Furthermore, the initiatives aim to help farmers adopt micro-irrigation, improve water-use efficiency, and ultimately increase productivity and income.
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