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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

12 Dec 2023

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Polish Prime Minister Loses Vote of Confidence, Clears Way for Donald Tusk

  • Poland's incumbent Prime Minister lost a vote of confidence making way for Donald Tusk's coalition of pro-European Union parties to take power.
  • The vote marked the conclusion of an eight-year-tenure of nationalist Law and Justice (PiS) party, which as per the critics vandalised judicial independence, turned state-owned media into a propaganda outlet and instigated prejudice against minorities such as immigrants and the LGBT community.
  • Out of the 456 members of parliament who cast their votes, 266 voted no confidence in Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki.

Myanmar Overtakes Afghanistan as World's Biggest Opium Producer

  • Myanmar became the world's biggest producer of opium in 2023, overtaking Afghanistan after the Taliban government's crackdown on the trade, according to a United Nations.
  • Myanmar produced an estimated 1,080 metric tonnes of opium -- essential for producing heroin -- this year (2023).
  • In Myanmar, the main cultivating area is Shan state, the northern part of which has been convulsed by fighting in recent weeks after an alliance of ethnic minority armed groups launched an offensive against the junta and its allies.
  • Shan accounted for about 88 percent of the 41,300 hectares (102,054 acres) of opium poppy areas nationwide, as per the UN report.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Infosys Appoints Jayesh Sanghrajka as CFO as Nilanjan Roy Resigns

  • Infosys appointed Jayesh Sanghrajka as its Chief Financial Officer (CFO) and key managerial personnel of the company.
  • Sanghrajka was appointed as CFO as Nilanjan Roy, resigned after serving in this role since 2018.
  • Sanghrajka has over 25 years of work experience and is a chartered accountant by qualification. He has spent over 18 years at Infosys across two stints and has performed various leadership roles.

Tata Power Ties Up with Indian Oil to Set Up over 500 EV Charging Stations

  • Tata Power EV Charging Solutions Ltd (TPEVCSL) signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) to install over 500 electric vehicle (EV) charging points across the country. Tata Power will set up the stations at IOCL's retail outlets.
  • This strategic collaboration focuses on building a reliable and expansive intercity charging network, which will help alleviate range anxiety for EV owners travelling between cities.
  • These EV charging points will be installed in major cities like Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, Bengaluru, Ahmedabad, Pune, and Kochi, as well as across major highways such as the Mumbai-Pune Expressway, Salem-Kochi Highway, Guntur-Chennai Highway and the Golden Quadrilateral.

Vaishali Kasture Resigns as AWS India's Interim Country Head

  • Vaishali Kasture, Amazon Web Services (AWS) India and South Asia's interim country head for commercial business, resigned from her position.
  • She had taken over from the former president of commercial business, Puneet Chandok, in July 2023. Her tenure at AWS spanned nearly five years. Before becoming the interim country head, she was the head of top enterprise, mid-market, and global businesses in India and South Asia.
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SPORTS

Guwahati Masters: Ashwini, Tanisha Win Third Title in First Year

  • The women's doubles pair of Tanisha Crasto and Ashwini Ponnappa secured their second Super 100 title with a straight-game win over Chinese Taipei's Sung Shuo Yun and Yu Chien Hui at the Guwahati Masters.
  • This was the third title for the world No. 28 Indian pair, which had clinched the Abu Dhabi Masters Super 100 and Nantes International Challenge this year (2023). Ashwini, and Tanisha, started playing together only in January this year (2023).

Travis Head Wins ICC Men's Player of Month Award for November 2023

  • Australian batter Travis Head, who smashed an explosive century to help Australia win their sixth ICC Cricket World Cup title, was named as the ICC Men's Player of the Month for November 2023.
  • Head beat tough competition from teammate Glenn Maxwell and India seamer Mohammed Shami to claim the honour.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

BJP Picks Mohan Yadav as Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh

  • The BJP named a surprise pick as the new Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh - Mohan Yadav, a leader from the Yadav OBC community. OBCs make up more than half of the state's population but, interestingly, the Yadav community is not among the most influential.
  • Soon after the BJP announcement, Yadav met Governor Mangubhai Patel and staked a claim to form the next government.
  • Notably, the BJP retained power in Madhya Pradesh in the November 17 assembly polls by winning 163 seats in the 230-member assembly, while the Congress finished a distant second with 66 seats.

Rajendra Shukla Deputy CM of Madhya Pradesh

  • Rajendra Shukla, a five-time MLA from Rewa constituency, was appointed as the Deputy Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh along with Jagdish Devda by the BJP. The decision came as a recognition of Shukla's contribution in consolidating the party's base in the Vindhya region, which was once a Congress stronghold.

Joe Biden Not Coming to India for Republic Day, Quad Meet Postponed

  • US President Joe Biden is not expected to visit India next month as the Chief Guest for Republic Day celebrations. In September, US Ambassador to India Eric Garcetti said that PM Narendra Modi invited President Biden to be the Chief Guest for the Republic Day celebrations on January 26, 2024, on the sidelines of the G20 Summit.
  • Now, the Quad summit is proposed to be held in India in the later part of 2024. Earlier, India was trying to schedule the next Quad Summit on January 27. The Quad bloc groups India, Australia, Japan and the US, which oversees overall cooperation in the Indo-Pacific region.
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DEFENCE

Armies of India, Vietnam Begin 11-day Military Exercise in Hanoi

  • The Indian and Vietnamese armies began an 11-day military exercise in Vietnam, in sync with the expanding strategic engagement between the two countries against the backdrop of common concerns over China's increasingly aggressive behaviour in the South China Sea. The aim of the exercise is to foster a collaborative partnership and promote interoperability between the two forces.
  • The military exercise, 'VINBAX-23', between the two armies is taking place from December 11 to 21 in Hanoi.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

Indian-American Medical Student from Michigan is Miss India USA 2023

  • Rijul Maini, a medical student from Michigan, was crowned Miss India USA 2023 at the annual pageant held in New Jersey.
  • During the event, Sneha Nambiar from Massachusetts was declared as Mrs India USA and Saloni Rammohan from Pennsylvania won the title of Miss Teen India USA.
  • The pageant is the longest running Indian pageant outside of India. It was started by New York-based Indian-Americans Dharmatma and Neelam Saran, in 1990, under the banner of Worldwide Pageants.

Gao Yaojie, Renowed AIDS Activist Dies At 95

  • Gao Yaojie, a trailblasing Chinese doctor and activist, passed away at the age of 95 in the United States. She was known for her fearless exposure of the AIDS virus epidemic in rural China during the 1990s.
  • Gao rose to prominence as China's most prominent AIDS activist, exposing blood-selling schemes that infected thousands with HIV. Her unwavering commitment to addressing the crisis earned her international recognition and forced the Chinese government to confront the AIDS epidemic well into the 2000s.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

Universal Health Coverage Day

  • Universal Health Coverage Day (UHC Day) is commemorated on December 12 every year. It aims to celebrate the progress towards health for all and raise awareness on the need for strong and resilient health systems in achieving universal health coverage.
  • On December 12, 2012, the UN General Assembly passed a resolution urging nations to accelerate their efforts towards achieving universal healthcare (UHC). The primary developmental objective was to ensure that everyone, regardless of their location, has access to high-quality and affordable healthcare. In 2017, the United Nations officially designated December 12 as Universal Health Coverage Day.
  • The theme for Universal Health Coverage Day is 'Health for All: Time for Action', emphasising the need for immediate and tangible steps in creating the world we want.
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

The US Government Names Nikhil Dey '2023 International Anti-Corruption Champion'

  • Indian social activist Nikhil Dey was honoured as an International Anti-Corruption Champion by the US government for 2023. This recognition highlights his decades-long commitment to empowering peasants and workers while exposing corruption in the delivery of government services. Dey is the co-founder of the Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan (MKSS), a Rajasthan-based organization at the forefront of transparency and anti-corruption movements in India.

Veteran Actor Kabir Bedi Awarded Italy's Civilian Honour 'Order of Merit'

  • Kabir Bedi was awarded the 'Order of Merit of the Italian Republic' (Merito della Repubblica Italiana), the country's highest honour awarded to civilians, at a private ceremony held in Mumbai. This award, the most prestigious Italian honorific one, ultimately recognizes his unconditional feeling and passionate dedication to Italy. The 'Order of Merit of the Italian Republic' stands as a testament to Italy's appreciation for those who have made outstanding contributions to society, embodying the nation's values of merit and excellence.
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GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

Parliament Clears Jammu and Kashmir Reservation Bill, Reorganisation (Amendment) Bill

  • The Rajya Sabha passed the Jammu and Kashmir Reservation (Amendment) Bill, 2023 and the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation (Amendment) Bill, 2023.
  • The Bills passed seek to implement reservation in the legislative assembly, in jobs and in professional institutes of the Union Territory of Jammu& Kashmir.
  • The Jammu and Kashmir Reservation (Amendment) Bill, 2023 amends the Jammu and Kashmir Reservation Act, 2004 for reservation in jobs and admission to professional institutions to members of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and other socially and educationally backward classes.
  • The Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation (Amendment) Bill, 2023 modifies the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019.
  • The Act of 2019 specified the number of seats in the Jammu & Kashmir (J&K) Legislative Assembly to be 83 (excluding seats designated for areas falling in Pakistan-occupied Kashmir), with 6 of those seats reserved for Scheduled Castes (SCs), but none for Scheduled Tribes (STs).
  • The Bill increases the total number of seats to 90, while reserving 7 seats for SCs and 9 seats for STs.
  • It further grants the Lieutenant Governor (LG) the authority to nominate two members from the Kashmiri migrant community, one of whom must be a woman.
  • The Bill also allows the LG to nominate a representative for displaced persons from Pakistan-occupied Jammu and Kashmir, if the displacement occurred in 1947-48, 1965, or 1971.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

IIT Roorkee, Simplilearn Launch Professional Certificate Program in Generative AI and Machine Learning

  • The Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Roorkee's iHUB DivyaSampark and Simplilearn, an online Bootcamp & online courses learning platform, jointly launched a professional certificate programme in Generative AI and Machine Learning.
  • This professional certificate programme is best suited for candidates holding a bachelor's degree along with 2+ years of formal work experience. In this course, candidates will be able to attend a two-day campus immersion programme at the IIT Roorkee campus organised by iHUB DivyaSampark.

NLUD & SOAS Launch Joint LLM/MA in Environmental Justice in South Asia

  • The National Law University, Delhi (NLUD) signed an agreement with SOAS University of London to offer students a one-year Joint LLM/MA in Environmental Justice in South Asia. The joint degree is co-designed, and will be co-delivered and co-awarded by both the universities.
  • This joint degree is part of NLU Delhi's commitment to internationalisation and innovation under the National Education Policy, 2020. The course will enable students to spend half their time in SOAS London, and the other half in NLUD, India.
  • The joint degree has been specially designed to be more accessible and financially affordable to international students. Students will not only be able to study in SOAS, University of London, but will have to pay only half the fees typically charged to international students at British universities.
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BOOKS AND AUTHORS

Ram Nath Kovind Launches Book 'Naye Bharat Ka Samveda' on PM Modi

  • Former President Ramnath Kovind graced the launch of 'Naye Bharat ka Samaveda,' a seminal collection spotlighting Prime Minister Narendra Modi's impactful speeches, delving deep into the core essence and values embedded in our nation's Constitution. Prime Minister Narendra Modi is a passionate writer, poet and lover of culture. Books have been written on Narendra Modi by many Indian and foreign authors.
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LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

Article 370 was a Temporary Provision, Says SC as it Upholds its Abrogation

  • The Supreme Court (SC) unanimously upheld the Centre's abrogation of Article 370, stating that the article was a temporary provision and the state of Jammu & Kashmir did not retain any element of sovereignty after its accession to India in 1948. It said that Article 370 was a feature of asymmetric federalism.
  • However, the court said that the Centre amended the laws in J&K beyond its power. It directed the Election Commission (EC) to hold polls in J&K by September 30, 2024.
  • The apex court also upheld the reorganisation of Ladakh as the Union Territory, as Article 3 allows it.
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