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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

09 Dec 2023

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

PM Modi Tops Global Leaders' List Again, Gets Highest Rating of 76%

  • Prime Minister Narendra Modi continued to be at the top among world leaders with an approval rating of 76 per cent, according to a survey by Morning Consult.
  • According to the US-based consultancy firm's 'Global Leader Approval Rating Tracker' 76 per cent of people in India approve of PM Modi's leadership, while 18 per cent disapprove of it and six per cent did not give any opinion.
  • Notably, this is a huge number by a far margin, as the second-best approval rating was enjoyed by Mexico President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador (66 per cent) and Switzerland President Alain Berset (58 per cent) third.
  • In previous surveys too, Prime Minister Modi had topped the global ratings. At the same time, the approval ratings of other big global leaders are at a modest level.
  • US President Joe Biden has a 37 per cent approval rating, Canadian PM Justin Trudeau has 31 per cent, UK PM Rishi Sunak ratings stands at 25 per cent, and France President Emmanuel Macron stands at just 24 per cent.
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ENVIRONMENT

UNICEF Unveils 'Green Rising' Initiative at COP28

  • In December 2023, at COP28, UNICEF's Generation Unlimited, in collaboration with India's Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change, unveiled the 'Green Rising' initiative. This groundbreaking initiative, carried out through India's YuWaah campaign, places a special emphasis on engaging youth in impactful environmental actions at the grassroots level, drawing inspiration from the Mission Life movement.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

RBI Keeps Repo Rate Unchanged at 6.5%

  • Reserve Bank of India (RBI) Governor Shaktikanta Das said that the central bank's Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) decided to keep the key repo rate steady at 6.5 per cent.
  • The decision to maintain the key repo rate at 6.5 per cent marked the fifth instance when the 6-member Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) opted to keep the interest rates unchanged.
  • The RBI Governor highlighted that easing inflation across all components of retail inflation is one of the reasons behind the MPC's decision to keep the repo rate unchanged.

RBI Hikes UPI Limit for Hospital, Educational Payments

  • The Reserve Bank of India raised the UPI payment limits to Rs. 5 lakh from Rs. 1 lakh earlier. While making the announcement, RBI Governor Shaktikanta Das said that it will allow consumers to make higher UPI payments for education as well as medical purposes.
  • The announcement of the increased UPI payment limit is a welcome move, signalling a positive shift in the dynamics of financial transactions. This strategic decision holds the potential to bring about a transformative impact, especially in the context of healthcare.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Google Reveals 'Gemini', Its Biggest AI Model

  • Google took its biggest step yet in its AI journey with the debut of Gemini 1.0, its latest and greatest AI model.
  • The company's generative AI chatbot and ChatGPT rival Google Bard will now be powered by Gemini which Google claims will significantly enhance its capabilities.
  • As per Google CEO Sundar Pichai, it is the biggest science and engineering efforts the company undertook.
  • Gemini is described by Google as 'natively multimodal', as it was trained on images, video, and audio rather than just text.
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SPORTS

Former India Goalkeeper Subrata Paul Retires

  • Goalkeeper Subrata Paul retired from football, bringing down curtains on a career spanning 16 years.
  • Paul, who made his debut against Lebanon in the World Cup qualifiers in 2007, had 65 appearances for India. He earned the sobriquet "Spiderman" for his heroics against South Korea in the 2011 Asian Cup. Paul made more than 35 saves in the tournament. Paul captained the Indian team under coach Stephen Constantine in the 2018 World Cup Qualifiers.
  • At the club level, he represented Mohun Bagan and East Bengal.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Assam Government Approves Socio-Economic Survey of Indigenous Muslims

  • A month after Bihar announced the results of its caste-based survey, Assam government approved the socio-economic survey of the state's indigenous Muslim population. The same was announced by Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma earlier. The Assam cabinet chaired by CM Sarma made several key announcements including the socio-economic survey. The decisions also include steps focusing on the welfare of the state's indigenous minorities, setting up libraries and ethical treatment of animals while acknowledging traditions. The socio-economic assessment of indigenous Assamese Muslims will be conducted through the Directorate of Minority Affairs and Char Areas.

BJP Appoints Central Observers for 3 States to Pick New Chief Ministers

  • The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) named its central observers for electing the leaders of its legislature parties in Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan.
  • Defence Minister Rajnath Singh, Vinod Tawade, and Saroj Pandey were named the observers for Rajasthan. Haryana Chief Minister Manohar Lal Khattar, K. Laxman, and Asha Lakra were named for Madhya Pradesh. For Chhattisgarh, Union Ministers Arjun Munda, Sarbananda Sonowal and Dushyant Gautam were named the central observers.
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DEFENCE

Hal, Bel and Mazagon Docks PSUS among World's Top 100 Arms Producing Companies

  • As per a report by Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), in 2022, the 100 biggest armament companies in the world sold $597 billion worth of weapons and military services. The Russian invasion of Ukraine and geopolitical unrest fuelled a global surge in the demand for weapons.
  • Among the top 100 producers of weapons were the Indian defence PSUs - Hindustan Aeronautics, Bharat Electronics, and Mazagon Docks. Although it is at the top of the list, US revenues decreased by 7.9%. Asian arms companies—including those in China and India—benefited from ongoing government spending on military modernisation.
  • HAL was ranked 41st with $3.4 billion in arms sales, BEL 63rd with $1.9 billion and MDL 89th with $1 billion.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

Veteran Kannada Actress Leelavathi Passes Away

  • Veteran actress Leelavati passed away at the age of 85.
  • Leelavati had acted in theatre and movies. Leelavathi worked in over 600 movies, including Kannada, Tamil and Telugu.
  • In a career spanning more than six decades, the actress has starred in more than 600, films, out of which 400 were in Kannada. She began her career as a member of Mahalinga Bhagavathar's Sri Sahitya Samrajya Drama Company troupe. She made her acting debut in the 1958 mythological drama 'Bhakta Prahlada'. However, she shot to prominence as a leading lady with the 1960 historical drama 'Rani Honnamma'. Some of her notable works include, Bhakta Kumbara', 'Santha Thukaram', 'Bhatka Prahlada', 'Mangalya Yoga', 'Mana Mechchida Madadi' etc.
  • She was two times the recipient of the National Award.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

International Anti-Corruption Day

  • Every year, on December 9 International Anti-Corruption Day is observed across the globe. It is a day designated by the United Nations. This day is dedicated to fostering awareness about corruption and worldwide initiatives to address and deter it.
  • The United Nations General Assembly adopted the United Nations Convention against Corruption on October 31, 2003, and appointed the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) as its secretariat. This resolution also marked December 9 as International Anti-Corruption Day to raise awareness about corruption and emphasise the Convention's role in preventing and combating it.
  • International Anti-Corruption Day was first officially held on December 9, 2005.
  • The theme for International Anti-Corruption Day 2023 is 'UNCAC at 20: Uniting the World Against Corruption.'
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

Climate Champions: Michelle Zárate Palomec and Sebastian Mwaura Win UN Awards

  • Amidst the global efforts to combat climate change, two remarkable individuals, Michelle Zárate Palomec from Mexico and Sebastian Mwaura from Kenya, were winners of the UN Global Climate Action Awards. Their outstanding contributions, aimed at creating sustainable, resilient, and equitable communities, were celebrated during the UN Climate Change Conference COP28 in Dubai.
  • Zárate Palomec leads initiatives within Espacio de Encuentro de las Culturas Originarias to provide clean and sufficient water to marginalized indigenous communities in Oaxaca, Mexico.
  • Her work addresses water scarcity challenges and combats social and gender inequalities exacerbated by water pollution.
  • Co-founder of Yna Kenya, Mwaura was recognised for his efforts in accelerating the adoption of electric vehicles.
  • His organisation focuses on establishing a robust charging network powered by renewable energy sources, while also creating employment opportunities for women through the HerGo program in the e-mobility transport sector.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

IIT-Mandi Wins 'Green University' Award at COP28 UAE

  • The Indian Institute of Technology Mandi (IIT Mandi) was honoured with the Prestigious Green University Award at COP28 in the UAE. This award was conferred by Green Mentors, a non-governmental organisation holding special consultative status with the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) in the United States.
  • IIT Mandi claims its vision is to raise awareness among young students and campus residents about environmental issues, as well as the conservation of nature and natural resources in the surrounding area.
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ART AND CULTURE

PM Modi Inaugurates First Indian Art, Architecture and Design Biennale at Red Fort

  • Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the first Indian Art, Architecture & Design Biennale (IAADB) 2023 being held at Red Fort. During the programme, the Prime Minister inaugurated the 'Aatmanirbhar Bharat Centre for Design' at Red Fort and the student Biennale- Samunnati. He also launched a Commemorative Stamp. The Indian Art, Architecture & Design Biennale (IAADB) serves as an introduction to the Cultural Space in Delhi.
  • Addressing the gathering, the Prime Minister welcomed everyone to the World Heritage Site of the Red Fort and highlighted the historical significance of its courtyards which remain unwavering and indelible even though multiple generations have passed before and after India's independence.
  • The IAADB is being organised from December 9 to 15, 2023.
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LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

Constant Tussle over Who Will Get Judges' Appointment Control

  • Chief Justice of India D. Y. Chandrachud said that there is a constant tussle about who will get ultimate control over appointment of judges even as vacancies arise and appointments are kept pending for a long period of time.
  • He was speaking at the inauguration of the new premises of the Mumbai bench of the Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT).
  • CJI Chandrachud said that tribunals in the country play a very important role in helping unclog delays in courts and in aiding the overall dispensation of justice.
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