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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

07 Dec 2023

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Peru's Ex-president Freed after 15 Years in Jail

  • Former Peruvian President Alberto Fujimori, who was serving a 25-year prison term for human rights abuses during his decade-long rule in the 1990s, was released from jail despite criticism from an international human rights court.
  • Peru's highest court ruled in favour of an appeal to restore a 2017 pardon for Fujimori on humanitarian grounds. The Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACHR) had earlier requested the move be blocked.
  • Fujimori served around 16 years after being extradited from Chile in 2007.

Italy's Giorgia Meloni, India's Nirmala Sitharaman among World's most Powerful Women

  • Italy's Prime Minister Giorgi Meloni and India's Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman featured among world's most powerful women of 2023. While Meloni was listed as world's fourth most powerful woman by the Forbes, Sitharaman was ranked at 32nd spot.
  • Forbes said that its 2023 Power List was determined by four main metrics, 'money, media, impact and spheres of influence'.
  • European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen topped the Forbes List of the world's most powerful women leaders followed by European Central Bank's president Christine Lagarde and the US Vice President Kamala Harris.
  • Popstar Taylor Swift was listed as the world's fifth most powerful woman in 2023.
  • Philanthropist Melinda Gates was listed as the tenth most powerful woman in 2023.

Italy Withdraws from China's Belt and Road Project

  • Italy formally withdrew from China's vast Belt and Road infrastructure initiative, more than four years after becoming the only G7 nation to sign up.
  • The long-expected decision was communicated to Beijing.
  • Italy pulled out, without giving details beyond saying it was done in such a way as to "keep channels of political dialogue open".
  • In March 2019, Italy became the only G7 Nation to sign a non-binding memorandum of understanding relating to China's Belt and Road Initiative
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Ambuja Cements Completes Acquisition of Sanghi Industries

  • Ambuja Cements completed the acquisition of Sanghi Industries Limited (SIL), at an enterprise value of Rs. 5,185 crore.
  • As part of the deal's completion, Ambuja Cements also executed a trade (in on and off-market trade) to acquire 54.51 per cent of the voting share capital from the promoters of Sanghi Industries. The acquisition of shares is fully funded through internal accruals.
  • Ambuja Cements on Tuesday also agreed to lend an additional Rs. 1,810 crore to Sanghi Industries under an inter-corporate deposit agreement, for the repayment of outstanding amounts in relation to the credit facilities availed by Sanghi.

Max Life Insurance Appoints Rajiv Anand as Chairman

  • Max Life Insurance, a material subsidiary of Max Financial Services, appointed Rajiv Anand as the new Chairman. This follows the stepping down of Analjit Singh from the Chairmanship and membership of the Board of Directors of Max Life Insurance.
  • Before this elevation, Anand, a non-executive director of Max Life, was nominated by Axis Bank Ltd as Chairman of Max Life Insurance.
  • Max New York Life (MNYL) is the first private sector insurance company to be incorporated in India on July 11, 2000, within a week after IRDAI permitted the incorporation of private sector insurance companies. On November 15, 2020, MNYL received its certification of registration from IRDAI.

Swiggy Appoints Anand Kripalu as Independent Director, Chairperson of Board

  • Food delivery firm Swiggy appointed FMCG veteran Anand Kripalu as an independent director and the chairperson of its Board of Directors.
  • With close to 40 years of experience in the fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) industry, Anand Kripalu is the Managing Director and Global Chief Executive Officer of EPL Ltd (formerly Essel Propack Limited), the world's largest specialty packaging company. Prior to that, he was the Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer of Diageo India, India's leading beverage alcohol company. He has also held leadership roles at Mondelez International (formerly Cadbury) and Unilever.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Fusion Milestone: Japan Unveils JT-60SA, the World's Largest Experimental Nuclear Fusion Reactor

  • Japan unveiled the world's largest operational experimental nuclear fusion reactor. This colossal machine, dubbed JT-60SA, is housed in a hangar north of Tokyo in Naka, and represents a pivotal moment in the quest for clean and limitless power.
  • Unlike traditional nuclear fission used in power plants, which splits atomic nuclei, fusion mimics the sun's energy production by merging two nuclei, potentially offering a safer and more abundant energy source.
  • The JT-60SA, a six-story-high tokamak, is designed to contain and control plasma heated to a staggering 200 million degrees Celsius. The objective is to explore the viability of fusion as a secure, expansive, and carbon-neutral net energy source, where the energy produced surpasses is more than the input required for its production.
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SPORTS

Men's Volleyball Club World Championship in Bengaluru

  • The men's Volleyball Club World Championship began in Bengaluru as the city became the first in India to host the prestigious tournament.
  • The five-day tournament at the Koramangala Indoor Stadium will see six teams compete for the top honours.
  • Prime Volleyball League Season 2 champions Ahmedabad Defenders is the first Indian team to compete at the club showpiece.
  • With 10 high octane matches set to unfold between December 6-10, 2023, this will be India's first bow at the highest level as the Ahmedabad Defenders face up against the finest from across the world including, reigning champions, Sir Safety Susa Perugia from Italy, the formidable Brazilian duo of Sada Cruzeiro Volei and Itambe Minas, Japan's Suntory Sunbirds, and Turkey's Halkbank Spor Kulubu.

ITF Kalaburagi Open 2023: Ramkumar Ramanathan Clinches his Third Title

  • India's Ramkumar Ramanathan defeated Austrian David Pichler in straight sets in the men's singles final and secured his third ITF title by winning the Kalaburagi Open in Kalaburagi, Karnataka.
  • Ramkumar, who won the ITF Mumbai Open last week, took just 64 minutes to quell Pichler's challenge 6-2, 6-1 at the Chandrashekhar Patil Stadium.
  • Ramkumar, a member of the Indian Davis Cup team, pocketed the winner's cheque of USD 3200 and 25 precious ATP points.

Lionel Messi is Time's Athlete of the Year for 2023

  • Argentina's football icon, Lionel Messi, was named Time magazine's Athlete of the Year for 2023. This prestigious honour came on the heels of Messi's historic eighth Ballon d'Or win, solidifying his status as one of the greatest footballers of all time. Beyond individual accolades, Messi's impact has transcended the football pitch, notably through his transformative move to Inter Miami, a Major League Soccer (MLS) club in the United States.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Sixteen Countries Onboard to be Partners for Vibrant Gujarat Event

  • As many as 16 countries and 14 organisations have so far confirmed to be partners for the upcoming 10th edition of Vibrant Gujarat Global Summit from January next month.
  • The Vibrant Gujarat Global Summit (VGGS) 2024, being organised on the theme of Gateway to the Future', will have Japan, Finland, Morocco, Republic of Korea, Mozambique, Estonia, UAE, Australia, UK, Netherlands, Norway, Nepal, Thailand, Bangladesh, Germany, and Egypt as partner countries.
  • The 10th edition of the investors' summit is scheduled to take place from January 10-12, 2024, at the Mahatma Mandir in Gandhinagar.

Narendra Singh Tomar, Prahlad Singh Patel Resign as Ministers from Union Cabinet

  • BJP leaders Narendra Singh Tomar and Prahlad Singh Patel resigned from the Union Cabinet a day after they quit their Lok Sabha membership. The leaders resigned after they won the Madhya Pradesh assembly elections. As per the rule, the membership of two Houses can be retained only for 14 days. The BJP has asked all its MPs, who won assembly polls in Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh, to resign from Parliament and look after their assembly constituencies.
  • While Tomar was Minister of Agriculture and farmers' Welfare in the Modi government, Patel was Union Minister of State for Food Processing Industries and Jal Shakti.
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DEFENCE

Indian Army Hosts 'Inno Yodha 2023' for Innovation and Modernisation

  • The Indian Army hosted the 'Inno Yodha 2023' Idea & Innovation Competition and Seminar, at the Manekshaw Centre, New Delhi, reflecting its commitment to modernisation and technological advancement through in-house innovations. Attended by serving personnel, along with notable figures from academia and the defence industry, the event aimed to showcase technological innovations developed within the organisation.
  • General Manoj Pande, Chief of the Army Staff, commended the innovators for their creativity and ingenuity, encouraged the 'Thinking Warriors' to continue devising practical and innovative solutions for the nation and the Indian Army.

Centre Sets up Three Counter-insurgency and Anti-terrorist Schools in Odisha

  • The government set up three counter-insurgency and anti-terrorist schools in Odisha for training police personnel.
  • To strengthen the training inputs in the states affected by insurgency and terrorism, during the 11th Plan period, a scheme was approved for the establishment of 20 Counter Insurgency and Anti Terrorist Schools (CIATSs) four each in the states of Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Odisha at the cost of Rs. 52.40 crore. In these Schools, 75,000 police personnel were likely to get trained for combating terrorism and naxalism.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

International Civil Aviation Day

  • The International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) marks International Civil Aviation Day every year on December 7.
  • International Civil Aviation Day was first observed by the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) on December 7, 1994, to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the Chicago Convention. Later, the UN General Assembly announced December 7 to be International Civil Aviation Day in 1996.
  • ICAO selects a special anniversary theme for the global day every five years for the entire four-year interim period. The UN body has proposed the theme of International Civil Aviation Day in 2019 until 2023 as, 'Advancing Innovation for Global Aviation Development'.

Armed Forces Flag Day

  • Every year, December 7 is observed as the Armed Forces Flag Day or Flag Day of India to honour the martyrs, veterans and serving personnel of the defence forces. The day has been observed annually since 1949 to remember the services of the Army, Navy and Air Force, and collect funds to ensure their and their family's well-being.
  • Soon after India achieved independence, a need arose to support and encourage the welfare of the defence personnel. On August 28, 1949, a committee was set up under the then Defence Minister of India, which decided to observe Flag Day annually on December 7.
  • In 1993, India's Defence Ministry combined all related welfare funds, including those for war victims and the Kendriya Sainik Board Fund, into one, named the Armed Forces Flag Day Fund (AFFDF).
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GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

Lok Sabha Passes J-K Reorganisation, Reservation (Amendment) Bills

  • The Lok Sabha passed the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation (Amendment) Bill, which seeks to nominate two members from the Kashmiri migrant community and one representing the displaced persons from Pakistan-occupied Kashmir (PoK) to the legislative assembly.
  • The House also passed the Jammu and Kashmir Reservation (Amendment) Bill, which seeks to change the nomenclature of a section of people who are eligible for quota in appointment and admission.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

IGNOU, Open University of Kenya Sign MoU to Boost Learning Experience

  • The Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU) and the Open University of Kenya (OUK) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to enhance collaboration across various domains.
  • According to IGNOU, the collaboration focuses on many areas including facilitating student and faculty mobility, incorporating cutting-edge technology for teaching and learning, capacity-building programs for OUK staff, curriculum development aligned with market needs, sharing expertise in e-learning platforms, joint research and development initiatives, and more.
  • The MoU was signed in the presence of Prime Minister Narendra Modi and President of Kenya William Samoei Ruto by Beatrice Inyangala, Principal Secretary for Higher Education and Research, Ministry of Education, Kenya, and Prof. Nageshwar Rao, VC IGNOU.

Management, Computer Application Courses Brought under AICTE Ambit

  • The All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) issued the approval process handbook for the 2024-27 academic session. AICTE Chairman, T. G. Sitharam, while announcing the changes in the approval handbook, said that the programmes/courses in Computer Applications (like BCA) and management (BBA/BMS) were brought under the umbrella of AICTE to ensure coordinated development in technical and management education.
  • Moreover, AICTE will allow the institutions to offer courses in engineering and technology programmes with at least three core branches and one engineering course. Those intending to collaborate for twinning programmes will be permitted to do so with industries and research organisations in specialised and emerging areas in flexible modes and timings.
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ART AND CULTURE

Garba of Gujarat included in UNESCO's Intangible Cultural Heritage List

  • UNESCO approved the inclusion of Gujarat's traditional Garba dance in its 'Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity', Chief Minister Bhupendra Patel announced.
  • India had nominated Garba, performed across Gujarat and in many other parts of the country during the Navratri festival, for inclusion in the list.
  • The inclusion was made under the 2003 Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage during the 18th meeting of the Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage which began in Kasane, Botswana.
  • Garba of Gujarat is the 15th ICH element from India to join this list.
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BOOKS AND AUTHORS

Huma Qureshi Launches 1st Novel 'Zeba: An Accidental Superhero'

  • Bollywood actress Huma Qureshi ventured into a new realm as an author, marking her debut with the fantasy fiction novel titled 'Zeba: An Accidental Superhero.' The book was officially launched during the 12th edition of the Bangalore Literature Festival (BLF), adding a new chapter to Huma Qureshi's creative journey.
  • 'Zeba: An Accidental Superhero' unfolds in a fantasy world, precisely spanning the years between 1992 and 2019. The narrative weaves around a make-believe kingdom and an evil king, with a central focus on a character named Zeba. This young girl possesses extraordinary superpowers and becomes the key player in the battle against the malevolent ruler, showcasing the triumph of goodness over evil.
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