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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

05 Dec 2023

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

India Re-Elected to International Maritime Organisation with Highest Vote Tally

  • India was re-elected to the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) Council with the highest tally, and the term of council will be for the biennium 2024-25. India's re-election fell under the category of 10 states with 'the largest interest in international seaborne trade', alongside Australia, Brazil, Canada, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE).
  • The highest votes are indicative of the government's determination to strengthen India's varied contributions to international maritime operations.
  • The council is the executive organ of IMO and is responsible, under the assembly, for supervising the work of the organisation.
  • The IMO was established following agreement at a UN conference held in Geneva in 1948 and the IMO came into existence ten years later, meeting for the first time on March 17, 1958. Headquartered in London, United Kingdom, IMO currently has 175 Member States and three Associate Members.

India Ranks 49th in 2023 World Digital Competitiveness Ranking

  • The International Institute for Management Development (IMD) unveiled its 2023 World Digital Competitiveness Ranking (WDCR), revealing India's position at 49th among 64 economies. According to IMD's study, India marked its significance in cybersecurity knowledge but lacked on fronts like technology and future readiness.
  • The WDCR is a comprehensive assessment that provides insights into how nations are navigating the digital landscape amid the rise of artificial intelligence (AI).
  • According to IMD, the United States reclaimed the top spot in this year's (2023) ranking. The Netherlands secured the second position, advancing four places, while Singapore secured the third spot.

Nepal Urges Russia Not to Recruit its Citizens into Army

  • Nepal asked Moscow not to recruit its citizens into the Russian army and immediately send back any Nepali soldiers commissioned there back to the Himalayan nation after revealing six soldiers serving Russia's military were killed.
  • Nepali soldiers, called Gurkhas, are known for their bravery and fighting skills, and have been serving the British and Indian armies following the independence of India in 1947 under an agreement between the three countries.
  • The small Himalayan nation, wedged between China and India, has no such agreement with Russia, which invaded neighbouring Ukraine in February 2022 and has been engaged in a war since.
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ENVIRONMENT

Gajraj System: AI-Based Elephant Protection on Indian Railways

  • The Indian Railways initiated a pioneering step towards wildlife conservation by deploying the 'Gajraj system', an Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based solution designed to prevent elephant fatalities on railway tracks. This surveillance system is being implemented along a 700-kilometer stretch in forest areas to alert locomotive pilots of elephants' presence on the tracks, thereby mitigating the risk of collisions.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Warburg Pincus Names Vishal Mahadevia as Asia Private Equity Head

  • Private equity firm Warburg Pincus named India head, Vishal Mahadevia, as head of Asia private equity, a newly created position, while veteran China head Frank Wei will step down amid an Asia-wide reshuffle at the U.S. investment firm.

Bajaj Group Becomes Fifth Conglomerate to Breach Rs. 10 Lakh Crore in Mcap

  • The Bajaj Group achieved a significant milestone by surpassing Rs.10 lakh crore in market capitalisation, making it the fifth business houses to attain this feat. This elite club already includes prominent names like Tata, Reliance Industries, HDFC Bank and the Adani Group.
  • While Bajaj Group's achievement is noteworthy, the Tata Group continues to lead the league table with an aggregate market capitalization of Rs. 26.4 lakh crore. Reliance Industries, HDFC Group and the Adani Group occupy the subsequent positions with market valuations of Rs. 16.6 lakh crore, Rs. 14.2 lakh crore and Rs. 11.9 lakh crore, respectively.
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SPORTS

Amazon Acquires ICC Cricket Rights for Australia Till 2027

  • E-commerce giant Amazon's streaming service Prime Video signed a four-year deal with the International Cricket Council (ICC) to provide exclusive live broadcast rights in Australia for ICC cricket, which will be available on Prime Video Australia.
  • The partnership will see Prime Video Australia exclusively stream all men's and women's events, including the Men's and Women's Cricket World Cups, T20 World Cups, Champions Trophy, U19s, and the World Test Championship Final. The deal includes streaming rights in Australia for 448 live games from 2024 to 2027.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Kanchan Devi First Woman Director General of ICFRE

  • Kanchan Devi, 1991-batch Indian Forest Service Officer from the Madhya Pradesh cadre, was appointed as the Director General (DG) of the Indian Council of Forestry Research Education (ICFRE). This marked a historic milestone, as Kanchan became the first woman officer to ascend to this esteemed position within the premier council operating under the Union Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change.
  • Kanchan Devi brings to her new role an impressive track record of over 30 years in the realm of forestry. Her extensive expertise spans a myriad of aspects, including forest management, administration, education, human resource development, research, and extension.
  • ICFRE was created in 1986, under the Central Ministry of Environment and Forests (India), to direct and manage research and education in forestry sector in India. ICFRE is headed by a Director General with headquarters at Dehradun. ICFRE became an autonomous council under the Ministry in 1991.
  • ICFRE is the largest organisation responsible for forestry research in India.

Dhankhar Reconstitutes Panel of Vice-chairpersons with 50% Women MPs

  • Rajya Sabha Chairman Jagdeep Dhankhar reconstituted the panel of vice-chairpersons comprising eight members with the presence of 50 per cent women parliamentarians.
  • The eight-member panel now has four women members- Congress MP Phulo Devi Netam, and Bharatiya Janata Party's MPs Phangnon Konyak, Darshana Singh and Sonal Mansingh.
  • Dhankhar made the announcement regarding the reconstituted panel in the Upper House on the first day of the Winter Session of the Parliament.
  • The vice chairpersons are eligible to preside over the house in the absence of the chairman or the deputy chairman.
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DEFENCE

GRSE Delivers India's Largest-ever Survey Vessel to Navy

  • Defence PSU Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers (GRSE) Ltd. delivered the largest-ever survey vessel to be built in the country 'INS Sandhayak' to the Indian Navy.
  • INS Sandhayak, the first in a series of four survey vessels being made by GRSE for the navy, was launched on December 5, 2021, and was undergoing fitting out and trials thereafter.
  • INS Sandhayak is the reincarnation of another ship by the same name, which was also a survey vessel. That ship had been commissioned into the navy in 1981 and decommissioned in 2021.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

World Soil Day

  • World Soil Day is celebrated annually on December 5.
  • World Soil Day 2023 (WSD) and its campaign aim to raise awareness of the importance and relationship between soil and water in achieving sustainable and resilient agri-food systems.
  • In June 2013, the FAO Conference endorsed World Soil Day and later approached the 68th United National General Assembly and requested for its official adoption. Towards the end of 2013, the UN General Assembly designated December 5, 2014, as the first official World Soil Day.
  • According to the United Nations (UN), the theme for World Soil Day 2023 is 'Soil and water, a source of life.'

International Volunteer Day for Economic and Social Development

  • International Volunteer Day for Economic and Social Development is observed on December 5 ever year. The day is also referred to as International Volunteer Day (IVD) to recognise and promote the tireless work, not just of UN Volunteers, but of volunteers across the globe.
  • The United Nations General Assembly sanctioned the observance of International Volunteer Day for Economic and Social Development on December 17, 1985. Designated to be observed annually on December 5h worldwide, this day has since been embraced by the UN system, governments, civil society organisations, and others, fostering the spirit of volunteerism globally.
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

India's President Presents National Awards 2023 for the Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities

  • President Droupadi Murmu bestowed the National Awards for the Empowerment of Divyangjan 2023 upon 21 individuals and 9 institutions. Recognising exemplary contributions across various fields, the awards underscored the government's commitment to prioritising the empowerment of Divyangjan, constituting 15% of the global population.
  • The awards spanned various fields, recognising the diverse talents and efforts that contribute to the holistic development of the disabled community.

India's Safeena Husain Wins Qatar WISE Prize 2023

  • Safeena Hussain, founder of 'Educate Girls,' become the first Indian woman to bag the WISE Prize worth 5 lakh USD for mobilising 14 lakh out of school girls in Indian villages to get back to mainstream education. The prize, awarded by the Qatar Foundation at the 11th Edition of the World Innovation Summit for Education (WISE) Summit in Doha, is one of the most prestigious awards in education.
  • Established in 2011 by Her Highness Sheikha Moza bint Nasser, the WISE Prize for Education is the first distinction of its kind to recognise an individual or a team for an outstanding, world-class contribution to education.
  • Safeena is the second Indian to receive the award.
  • 'Pratham' co-founder Madhav Chavan was the recipient of the 2012 WISE Prize for providing quality education to millions of underserved children in India.
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GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

RS Passes Post Office Bill to Amend 125-year-old Indian Post Office Act

  • The Rajya Sabha passed the Post Office Bill, 2023 that seeks to repeal the 125-year-old Indian Post Office Act and consolidate and amend the law relating to post offices in the country.
  • According to the proposed legislation, the central government may, by notification, empower any officer to intercept, open or detain any item in the interest of the security of the State, friendly relations with foreign states, public order, emergency or public safety, or upon the occurrence of any contravention of any of the provisions of any law for the time being in force.
  • The enactment of a new law in place of the Indian Post Office Act, 1898 is with a view to govern the functioning of the post offices in the country and provide for a simple legislative framework to facilitate the evolution of the post offices into a network for delivery of citizen-centric services.

Lok Sabha Passes Advocates (Amendment) Bill, 2023

  • The Lok Sabha passed the Advocates (Amendment) Bill, 2023 to repeal the Legal Practitioners Act of 1879 and amend the Advocates Act, 1961.
  • The Bill was introduced in Rajya Sabha by Union Minister of State (independent charge) for Law and Justice Arjun Ram Meghwal on August 1 and was passed by the Upper House on August 3, 2023.
  • The Bill is part of Central government's endeavour to repeal all obsolete laws or pre-independence Acts that have lost their utility.
  • It proposes regulation of the legal profession by only the Advocates Act, 1961 and repeals the Legal Practitioners Act, 1879, while retaining a provision dealing with touts in courts.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

Ahmedabad, Hyderabad Top English Test-takers Cities in India: Duolingo English Test

  • Candidates from India and China are among the biggest English test-takers in the world, according to Duolingo English Test. City-wise Ahmedabad, Hyderabad, Mumbai, Bengaluru in India and at the global level, Beijing, Dhaka and Shanghai have over 4000 registrations. Besides, these "high-volume" cities, those with 500 test takers or more, represent 56 per cent of all Duolingo English Test (DET) takers worldwide.
  • India is the primary market for the DET as they have seen over 20 per cent growth in the last year.
  • Over 50 per cent of Indian applicants still prefer English-speaking countries as their first choice for studying abroad.

Oxford University Press Declares 'Rizz' as 2023 Word of the Year

  • 'Rizz', a colloquial term defined as 'style, charm, or attractiveness', was crowned word of the year for 2023 by Oxford University Press (OUP).
  • An online vote had whittled down the list from eight finalists, all selected to reflect the mood, ethos, or preoccupations of the year.
  • It is the second consecutive year that the public have played a part in picking Oxford's word of the year, after an inaugural public vote last year saw 'goblin mode' prevail.
  • In the 2023 selection process, more than 30,000 word lovers helped decide head-to-head competitions between four different pairs of words or phrases.
  • They selected 'rizz' over 'beige flag', a character trait indicating that a partner or potential partner is boring.
  • The other finalists were 'Swiftie' (an enthusiastic Taylor Swift fan), 'prompt' (an AI programme or algorithm instruction) and 'situationship' (a romantic or sexual relationship not considered formal or established).
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