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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

03 Aug 2023

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Indonesia Buys Drones Worth USD 300 Million from Turkish Aerospace

  • The Indonesian government bought 12 drones worth USD 300 million from Turkish Aerospace as part of efforts to strengthen Indonesia's defence system.
  • The deal came after Indonesian President Joko Widodo in July warned his cabinet to maintain a healthy budget as he highlighted outsized spending by the country's security agencies, including the defence ministry.
  • The deal with Anakara-based Turkish Aerospace was finalised in February and the drones are expected to be delivered within 32 months. It also includes training and flight simulators.

Russia Adds Norway to List of Countries 'Unfriendly' to its Diplomats

  • Russia added Norway to its list of unfriendly countries for allegedly targeting Russian diplomats abroad, further worsening its relations with the West.
  • The Russian government published the order, which restricts the number of local staff the Norwegian diplomatic mission can hire in Russia to 27 people.
  • In April 2023, Norway expelled 15 Russian diplomats after accusing them of carrying out intelligence activities under diplomatic cover. Russia retaliated by expelling 10 Norwegian diplomats in what Norway said was an act of revenge.
  • The United States and Czech Republic were added to Russia's list of unfriendly countries in May 2021 and Greece, Denmark, Slovenia, Croatia and Slovakia were added in July 2022.
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ENVIRONMENT

IIT Goa, CUNY to Collaborate on Climate Data Collection, Research

  • The Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Goa, and the City University of New York (CUNY) initiated a partnership to share weather and climate data, an endeavour aimed at promoting climate change awareness and fostering scientific research. This project is funded by a grant from the U.S. Consulate in Mumbai.
  • The collaboration marks a strategic move towards understanding our changing climate better and taking steps to mitigate its adverse effects. The union of these two esteemed institutions could set a precedent for other universities worldwide to follow suit, leveraging data and research to combat climate change.
  • The initiative's first major implementation is the establishment of a weather monitoring station on the IIT-Goa campus, marking the beginning of seven such stations planned across Western India. These stations will serve as a treasure trove of data, collecting a wide range of information including regular weather metrics like temperature and humidity.
  • However, these stations will go beyond the norm, also tracking solar radiation, air quality, and soil moisture levels. This comprehensive data collection aims to offer a more detailed depiction of the climate than ordinary weather stations provide, thus facilitating a better understanding of climate change.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Tata Power Renewable Signs Pacts with Maharashtra Discom for Two Solar Projects

  • Tata Power announced that its subsidiary Tata Power Renewable Energy Ltd. (TPREL) entered into power purchase agreements (PPAs) with Maharashtra State Electricity Distribution Company Ltd. (MSEDCL).
  • The subsidiary of Tata Power signed two PPAs with MSEDCL for the commissioning of two solar projects of 200 MW and 150 MW capacities, respectively.
  • These projects are located in Maharashtra and will help in meeting the state's targets of renewable energy, along with taking a significant step in acknowledging India's efforts to accelerate the adoption of renewable energy and challenges related to combat climate change.

RBI Fines 4 PSUs for Late Reporting of Overseas Investments

  • The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) imposed late submission fees (LSF) of Rs. 2,000 crore on ONGC Videsh Ltd (OVL), Indian Oil Corp, GAIL (India) and Oil India for delayed reporting of their overseas investments. The firms are now making efforts to secure an extension from the central bank.
  • The hefty fines could impact the overseas work commitments of the four state-run energy companies. The central bank could relent so that operations are not affected.
  • The Oil Ministry reportedly believes responsibility to report overseas investments lies with authorised dealer bank, which is State Bank of India (SBI) for the 4 PSUs.
  • According to RBI's Foreign Exchange Management (Overseas Investment) Regulations, 2022, those failing to submit investment evidence within the stipulated timeframe can do so with a late submission fee.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

India is Fifth amongst Spacefaring Countries in the World

  • Union Minister Jitendra Singh informed the Lok Sabha that India is the fifth amongst spacefaring nations having end-to-end capabilities in space research and development, including the capability to launch from our own land and operate programs of earth observation, satellite communication, meteorology, space science and navigation and ground infrastructure.
  • He said that India has the capability to launch from its own land and operate programmes of earth observation, satellite communication, meteorology, space science and navigation, and ground infrastructure. He further added that now after space sector reforms, the NewSpace industries are also emerging at a fast pace.
View Month Wise

SPORTS

Dhiraj Bommadevara Grabs 2nd Spot in World Archery Championship Qualifications

  • Army man Dhiraj Bommadevara led India's charge with a strong second place finish in the rain-hit recurve men's qualification round of the World Archery Championships.
  • Dhiraj shot 683 points, five less than Korean double Olympic gold medallist Kim Woo-jin in the competition that will offer the first quota places for next year's Paris Olympics.
  • Dhiraj's teammates Tushar Shelke (650) and Mrinal Chauhan (640) were the next best Indians at a disappointing 55th and 83rd spot, taking the team ranking to ninth.

World University Games: Silver Lining for Shooters

  • The Indian shooting duo of Elavenil Valarivan and Divyansh Singh Panwar won a silver medal in the 10m air rifle mixed team event, while Bhavani Yadav Bhagavathi clinched bronze in the women's long jump in the World University Games.
  • Elavenil and Divyansh lost the gold medal match 13-17 to the Chinese duo of Yu Zhang and Buhan Song to settle for the silver.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Bengal Governor Opens Anti-corruption Cell at Raj Bhavan

  • West Bengal governor C. V. Ananda Bose launched an anti-corruption cell at Raj Bhavan in Kolkata for people to lodge graft complaints, a move the ruling Trinamool Congress (TMC) said was beyond his jurisdiction.
  • Banerjee alleged that the Governor "working under instructions of the BJP" was trying to go beyond his constitutionally mandated responsibilities, while Bose contended that the cell would not infringe on the state's turf but help common people forward their complaints to the competent authorities.

Justice G. Rohini Commission Submits Report on Sub-categorisation of OBCs

  • The Rohini Commission, constituted to examine the sub-categorisation of Other Backward Classes (OBCs), submitted its report to President Droupadi Murmu.
  • The Commission for Other Backward Classes was appointed through an October 2017 notification to examine the sub-categorisation of OBC. Justice G. Rohini, a retired Chief Justice of the Delhi High Court is its chairperson.
  • After 13 extensions, the commission submitted its report to President Droupadi Murmu.
  • The Commission had been entrusted with the task to study the various entries in the Central List of OBCs.
  • It was also tasked with recommending correction of any repetitions, ambiguities, inconsistencies and errors of spelling or transcription, examining the extent of inequitable distribution of benefits of reservation among the OBCs, and working out the mechanism, criteria, norms and parameters in a scientific approach, for sub-categorization within such OBCs.

Portal to Facilitate Transfer of Mortal Remains of Indians Who Die Abroad Launched

  • The government launched e-CARe (e-clearance for after life remains) portal to facilitate swift transfer of mortal remains of Indian citizens who die abroad.
  • Nodal officers from the Airport Health Organisation (APHO) will monitor the portal 24X7. They will scrutinise applications and give approvals. There will also be an alert-based system which will help officials track the applications.
  • Union Health Minister Mansukh Mandaviya said that the applicant will have to submit scanned copies of four documents — death certificate, embalming certificate, no-objection certificate (NOC) from Indian Embassy or consulate and cancelled passport of the deceased.
  • The portal, according to officials, has two provisions — one for bringing mortal remains and the other for bringing ashes.
View Month Wise

DEFENCE

High-voltage Malabar Exercise Set to Begin off Sydney

  • The high-voltage Malabar exercise featuring the navies of all four Quad countries, India, the US, Australia and Japan, is set to take place off Sydney from August 11 to 21. The annual wargame will include both sea and harbour phases with the focus expected to be on expanding overall maritime cooperation in the Indo-Pacific that has been witnessing growing military muscle flexing by China.
  • The Indian Navy is likely to send two frontline warships for the mega exercise.
  • The exercise will feature a number of complex drills involving several frontline warships and other assets of the four navies.
  • The Malabar Exercise started in 1992 as a bilateral drill between the Indian Navy and the US Navy in the Indian Ocean. Japan became a permanent member of the exercise in 2015.

BCL Hands over First RF Seeker of Akash to DRDO

  • Bharat Dynamics Limited (BDL) handed over the first Radio Frequency (RF) Seeker of Akash - Next Generation Weapon System to the Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO).
  • The RF Seeker, a critical and technology-intensive subsystem used in Surface-to-Air Missiles and Air-to-Air Missiles for target tracking in the terminal phase, was produced at BDL's newly commissioned state-of-the-art Seeker Facility Centre (SFC).
  • The RF Seeker was designed by DRDO's Research Centre Imarat and manufactured by BDL at its advanced Seeker Facility Centre located in BDL's Kanchanbagh Unit.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

Noted Marathi Poet Namdeo Dhondo Mahanor Passes Away

  • Noted Marathi poet and lyricist Namdeo Dhondo Mahanor, popularly known as Na Dho Mahanor, passed away in Maharashtra's Pune. He was 81.
  • Born in 1942, Namdeo Dhondo Mahanor was awarded the Padma Shri, the fourth-highest civilian award. He had also been a member of the state legislative council.
  • He penned several popular poems and songs, including "Jagala Prem Arpave", "Ganga Wahu De Nirmal" and "Divelaganichi Vel", and also wrote songs for Marathi movies like "Ek Hota Vidushak", "Jait Re Jait", "Sarja" and others.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

Independence Day of Niger

  • Independence Day is a public holiday in Niger on August 3 each year.
  • This holiday commemorates full independence from France on this day in 1960.
  • As a landlocked region in Western Africa, Niger was one of the last African countries to be colonised by Europeans. France increased its military efforts to conquer Niger after the 1885 Berlin conference which carved Africa into regions for the colonial powers.
  • The French met with large resistance in Niger with all of the ethnic groups rebelling against the European invaders. It was not until 1922 and two decades of fighting that Niger finally came under French control and became a colony in 1922, administered as part of French West Africa.
  • In 1946 with the establishment of the Fourth French Republic, Niger became an overseas territory of France with its own parliament and representation in the French national assembly.
  • On December 4, 1958, Niger became a self-governing autonomous state within the French Community. On December 18th 1958, the Republic of Niger was officially created.
  • In July 1960 France agreed to Niger becoming fully independent. Niger gained its full independence on August 3, 1960, with Hamani Diori becoming Niger's first President.
View Month Wise

AWARDS AND HONOURS

Professors Pradhan, Mehta Awarded GD Birla Award for Scientific Research

  • Professors Narayan Pradhan and Neelesh B. Mehta were awarded the GD Birla Award for Scientific Research for their contributions in material sciences and wireless communication respectively. The awards were presented by Civil Aviation Minister Jyotiraditya Scindia, who praised the scientists for their role in India's progress in science and technology. The GD Birla Award for Scientific Research recognizes high-calibre scientific research in India. Pradhan's work focuses on next-gen photovoltaic cells for solar energy generation, while Mehta's research is centered around wireless communication systems, including the possibilities of 6G.
  • Professor Narayan Pradhan from the Indian Association for the Cultivation Sciences, Jadavpur and Professor Neelesh B Mehta from the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore received the prestigious GD Birla Award for Scientific Research for 2021 and 2022 respectively, for their exemplary contributions in the fields of material sciences and wireless communication.
  • The GD Birla Award for Scientific Research, which was instituted in 1991 by the KK Birla Foundation, aims to recognise high-calibre scientific research being carried out by Indian scientists across the country.
  • The award carries a cash prize of Rs. 5 lakh. The recipient is chosen by a selection board.
View Month Wise

GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

Bill to Allow Private Sector to Mine Lithium, 5 other Atomic Minerals Passed by Parliament

  • A bill that seeks to allow the private sector to mine 6 out of 12 atomic minerals, including lithium, and deep-seated minerals such as gold and silver was passed by Rajya Sabha, amid a walkout by opposition members demanding a discussion over the Manipur violence issue.
  • The bill was passed by the Upper House of Parliament by voice vote. It was approved by Lok Sabha last month.
  • Earlier, all 12 atomic minerals were reserved for mining and exploration by state-owned entities. The bill amended The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957.
  • The atomic minerals which will be opened for private sector exploration are lithium (used for manufacturing batteries for electric vehicles and energy storage devices), beryllium, niobium, titanium, tantalum and zirconium.
  • The bill also empowers the Central Government to exclusively auction mining lease and composite licence for certain critical minerals.

U.P. Cabinet Approves Water Tourism and Adventure Sports Policy

  • The Uttar Pradesh Cabinet approved a policy that aims at making the state a water tourism and adventure sports destination.
  • The Uttar Pradesh Water Tourism and Adventure Sports Policy, 2023, will be valid for 10 years from the date notified by the state government.
  • Hills in the Vindhya and the Bundelkhand regions, about 16,620 sq km in the foothills of the Himalayas as well as forest areas, rivers and waterfalls, dams, reservoirs and lakes have a lot of potential for water-based tourism, adventure sports and water sports.
  • Under the policy, the nodal agency will create adventure sports units at the divisional level. Ex-servicemen will be included in adventure sports units for which the Uttar Pradesh State Tourism Development Corporation will sign an agreement with the Uttar Pradesh Ex-Servicemen Welfare Corporation.
View Month Wise

GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

Skill Development Ministry and Amazon Web Services Team up to Offer Free AI Courses

  • The Ministry for Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) joined forces with Amazon Web Services (AWS) India to equip students with essential skills in cutting-edge technologies.
  • The collaboration will offer free online programmes in cloud computing, data annotation, artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning (ML) through the Directorate General of Training's Bharat Skills Platform.
  • Under the partnership, nominated educational institutions will receive AWS's cloud computing curriculum, enabling students to prepare for certifications and relevant roles in cloud technology.
  • This initiative aims to empower students from Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs) and National Skill Training Institutes (NSTIs) across India.

UGC Declares 20 Universities as Fake and Not Empowered to Confer any Degree

  • The University Grants Commission (UGC) declared 20 universities as fake and not empowered to confer any degree with Delhi having eight such institutions, the highest.
  • Delhi has eight fake universities -- All India Institute of Public and Physical Health Sciences; Commercial University Ltd, Daryaganj; United Nations University; Vocational University; ADR-Centric Juridical University; Indian Institution of Science and Engineering; Viswakarma Open University for Self-Employment; and Adhyatmik Vishwavidyalaya (Spiritual University), according to the UGC.
  • Uttar Pradesh has four such universities — Gandhi Hindi Vidyapith; National University of Electro Complex Homeopathy; Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose University (Open university); and Bhartiya Shiksha Parishad.
  • Karnataka, Maharashtra, Puducherry, Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal and Kerala also have fake universities.
  • As per the UGC, a number of institutions are offering degrees in contrary to the provisions of the UGC Act. Degrees awarded by such universities shall neither be recognised nor valid for higher education or employment purpose. These universities are not empowered to confer any degree.
View Month Wise

ART AND CULTURE

UAS Opens First-of-its-kind Agriculture Science Museum in Bengaluru

  • With the aim of imparting knowledge on the evolution of agriculture practices to students and the general public, the University of Agricultural Sciences (UAS) opened a first-of-its-kind museum on its campus in Bengaluru.
  • This came in the context of rapid urbanisation that has virtually disconnected the younger generation from agricultural practices with many not knowing how foodgrains are cultivated in rural India.
  • Minister of Agriculture N. Cheluvarayaswamy and Pro-Chancellor, UAS-B, inaugurated the museum.
  • It has live models and history of agriculture. The museum is based on various themes and models, displayed in six rooms, to cover the diverse aspects of agriculture.
View Month Wise

BOOKS AND AUTHORS

A New Book "How Prime Ministers Decide", by Journalist Neerja Chowdhury

  • A new book, titled 'How Prime Ministers Decide', by veteran journalist Neerja Chowdhury recalls the drama that led to Sonia's announcement, prompted by Rahul's fear for his mother's life. A new book also claimed that former Prime Minister Indira Gandhi had good relations with several RSS leaders but carefully kept a distance between the organisation and herself.
  • In 'How Prime Ministers Decide', journalist Neerja Chowdhury analyses the operating styles of the country's Prime Ministers through the prism of six decisions of historic significance - the strategy that Indira Gandhi devised to return to power in 1980 post-Emergency, the Shah Bano case, the Mandal Commission, the Babri Masjid incident, Atal Bihari Vajpayee's nod to nuclear tests, and the Indo-US nuclear deal under Manmohan Singh.
View Month Wise

LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

NIA Approaches Supreme Court against Madras High Court Order Granting Bail to Lawyer M. Mohammed Abbas Accused of PFI Links

  • The Supreme Court of India was approached by the National Investigation Agency (NIA) against the order by the Madras High Court granting bail to Madurai-based lawyer M. Mohammed Abbas, who is alleged to have link with Popular Front of India (PFI) which is a banned organiation.
  • The Additional Solicitor General S.V. Raju, representing NIA, mentioned the appeal and sought a stay on the bail order.
  • A Bench comprising of Justice Aniruddha Bose and Justice Bela Trivedi clarified that they cannot provide a stay during the mentioning stage without reviewing the case files.
  • In the challenged order the Madras High Court had rejected the oral request by NIA seeking leave under Article 134 of the Constitution to challenge the bail order before the Supreme Court.
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